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THE  LIBRARY 
OF  THE 

U?:!VEnS!TY  OF  !LL!?!0!3 


REPORT 


OF   THE 


ILLINOIS  COMMISSION 


TO   THE 


LOUISIANA 
PURCHASE   EXPOSITION 


ST.  LOUIS,  MISSOURI 
1904 


EDITED    BY    THE    PRESIDENT 


PRINTED 

FOR  THE 

ILLINOIS 

COMMISSION 

BY 
J.  W.  FRANKS 

&  SONS 
PEORIA    ILL. 


HON.  DAVID  R.  FRANCIS 

Piesident  "Louisiana  Purchase  Exposition." 


THE  imm 
OF  THE 
UKIVEnSITY  OF  ILLINlJl 


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Illinois  Commission  to  the  Louisiana  Purchase  Exposition. 


OFFICERS 

President—      HENRY  M.   DUNLAP,   Savoy 
Vice-President— CHARLES  N.  TRAVOUS,  Edwardsville 
Second  Vice-President—  J.  P.   MAHONEY,  Chicago 

Treasurer—         WALTER  WARDER,  Cairo 
Secretary—  JOHN  J.  BROWN,  Vandalia 


COMMISSIONERS 

T.   K.  CONDIT,  Beardstown 

C.  F.  COLEMAN,  Vandalia 
C.  C.  CRAIG,  Galesburg 

ALBERT  CAMPBELL,  EiTingham 
HENRY  AL  DUNLAP,  Savoy 

DUNCAN  M.  FUNK,  Bloomington 

JAMES  H.  FARRELL,  Chicago 
JOHN  H.   MILLER,   McLeansboro 

WILLLAM  J.   MOXLEY,  Chicago 

WILLLAM   AL  MOUNTS,  Carlinville 
JOSEPH  P.  MAHONEY,  Chicago 
JOHN  H.  PIERCE,   Kewanee 

J.   N.  C.   SHUMWAY,  Taylorville 

CHARLES  N.  TRAVOUS,  Edwardsville 
WALTER  WARDER,  Cairo 


ril5()42 


Illinois  Commission  to  the  Louisiana  Purchase   Exposition. 


EXHIBITS  AND  SUPERINTENDENTS 


Agriculture — William  B.  Otwell,  -  -  -  Carlinville 

Blind — J.   H.   Freeman,    -     -  -  -  Jacksonville 

Dairy — George  A.  Hunt,      -  -  -  Hebron 

Dea{ — C.  P.  Gillett,  -----  Jacksonville 

p.  J (  S.  P.  Bartleti,  -     -  -  -  Quincy 

•^        1  Nat.  H.  Cohen,     -  -  -  Urbana 

Horticulture — J.  W.   Stanton,      -     -  -  -  Rich  view 

Juvettile  Court- -^e\son  G.   Franklin,  -  -  Chicago 

Live  Stock — H.   M.   Rollins,     -     -  -  -  Bloomington 

Lincoln  Memorial — Mrs.  Jessie  Palmer  Weber,  Springfield 

Mines  and  Mining — Walter  H.  Jackson,  -  -  Vienna 

Piiblic  and  Normal  Schools — Alfred  Bayliss,      -     -  .  -  Springfield 

State  Home  for  Girls — Mrs.  Ophelia  Amigh,  -  -  Geneva 


(  J.  M.  W^hite,      -     -     -     -     Champaign 

'5 —  \ 


University    of  Illinois {  University. 

(  W.  T.  Eckley,  -     -     -     -     Chicago 


Physicians  and  Surgeons. 


Illinois  Commission  to  the  Louisiana   Purchase  Exposition. 


JCTION 


LETTER  OF  TRANSMITTAL 


Savoy,  Illinois,  Dec.  31st,  1904. 
To  his  Excellency 

Richard  Yates,  Governor  of  Illinois: 

I  have  the  honor  to  transmit  herewith  a  report  and  state- 
ment of  the  work  and  financial  disbursements  of  the  Illinois 
Commission  to  the  Louisiana  Purchase  Exposition,  held  in  the 
City  of  St.  Louis,  Missouri,  April  30th  to  December  1st,  1904. 

The  report  gives  in  detail  the  work  of  the  Commission, 
and,  in  most  instances,  the  reports  of  superintendents,  or 
committees,  in  charge  of  exhibits  or  departments. 

It  is  a  matter  of  congratulation  to  the  members  of  the 
Commission,  and,  I  trust,  is  to  the  citizens  of  the  State,  that 
the  number  of  exhibits  made  by  the  State  was  greater  than  at 
any  previous  Exposition  or  World's  Fair  and,  what  is  of  more 
importance,  the  exhibits  were  more  complete  and  occupied  a 
larger  amount  of  floor  space.  That  the  installations  were 
attractive  is  evidenced  by  the  pictures  included  herein. 

Notwithstanding  the  expense  attendant  upon  the  construc- 
tion and  maintenance  of  a  State  Building,  the  collection,  in- 
stallation and  maintenance  of  fourteen  separate  and  distinct 
exhibits,  and  participation  in  the  official  and  state  days  of  the 
Exposition  by  the  National  Guards,  Naval  Reserve  and  Cadets 
of  the  University,  the  Commission  will  return  to  the  State 
Treasury  an  unexpended  balance,  including  salvage,  of  some 
$15,000.  The  financial  statement  included  in  this  report  cor- 
rectly states  all  expenses  incurred  except  for  the  printing  of 
this  report  and  the  final  meeting  of  the  Commission,  not  yet 
held,  which  expenses  are  here  estimated  but  which  will  cor- 
rectly appear  in  the  final  statement. 

Respectfully  submitted, 

Henry  M.  Dunlap, 

Presidevt  Illinois  Commission . 


ILLINOIS  commissioners::  | 


Report   of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 


INTRODUCTION 


The  purpose  of  this  vohinie  is  to  ])reserve  in  a  brief,  but  compre- 
hensive manner,  an  account  of  the  part  taken  by  the  State  of  Illinois  in 
the  great  Louisiana  Purchase  Exposition  at  St.  Louis,  Missouri,  April 
30th  to  December  ist,  1904, — an  exposition  of  the  progress  of  the 
World's  industries,  arts,  sciences,  and  civilization  to  date,  but  more  par- 
ticularlv  an  exposition  of  the  progress  of  the  American  States  which  are 
a  part  of  the  "Purchase,"  and  of  their  neighbors. 

The  State  of  Illinois  is  not  a  part  of  the  great  ''  Louisiana  Pur- 
chase," which  is  composed  mainly  of  that  part  of  our  country  which 
lies  between  the  Mississippi  River  and  the  Rocky  Mountains,  but  it  is 
most  intimately  related  to  that  great  territory  which  celebrates  its  one 
hundred  years  as  a  part  of  the  territory  of  the  United  States,  just  across 
the  Mississippi  from  the  state  and  city  in  which  the  Exposition  is  held. 
In  fact  the  State  of  Illinois,  through  its  great  manufacturing  industries, 
derives  a  large  share  of  its  wealth  from  the  products  of  the  states  west 
of  the  Mississippi,  and  shares  with  them  the  advantages  it  enjoys  as  a 
manufacturing,  as  well  as  a  producing  State. 

To  Illinois  belongs  the  distinction  of  having  held  the  first  and.  un- 
til the  present  greatest  World's  Fair.  Naturally  the  State  of  Illinois  at 
that  time  had  a  more  immediate  pride  in  its  showing  and  spent  a  vastly 
ereater  sum  to  gather  and  shelter  its  exhibits  than  it  could  afford  for 
an  exposition  outside  of  its  own  borders  ;  but  it  is  not  the  opinion  of  any 
that  Illinois  has  been  outclassed  in  any  respect  at  the  World's  Fair  of 
1904.  With  comparatively  a  small  appropriation,  when  the  $800,000 
appropriated  by  Illinois  in  Chicago  in  1893  or  the  $1,000,000  spent  by 
Missouri  in  St.  Louis,  is  considered,  Illinois  has  taken  a  leading  part 
in  the  Louisiana  Purchase  Exposition.  It  has  not  only  furnished  its 
large  share  of  the  attractions,  but  it  has,  no  doubt,  sent  to  the  Exposi- 
tion the  largest  number  of  visitors  from  any  one  state  outside  of  Mis- 
souri. It  has  been  the  duty  of  the  Commission  to  provide  for  the  Illi- 
nois exhibits  and  to  furnish  to  Illinois  people  a  measure  of  the  state's 
own  hospitality.  To  do  this  the  Commission  secured  space  in  the  Ex- 
position buildings  for  Illinois  exhibits,  gathered  together  the  materials 
and  displayed  them  in  an  attractive  manner;  and  it  erected,  at  the  cost 

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Report   of   the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana    Purchase   Exposition 

of  the  State,  the  handsome  "  Illinois  Building."  which  was  the  home 
and  ])ride  of  every  Illinois  visitor,  while  within  the  gates  of  the  Exposi- 
tion, and  was  noted  for  its  hospitality  to  all. 

Only  exhibits  of  a  public  character  have  been  installed  at  the  ex- 
pense, or  through  the  efforts,  of  die  Commission.  Private  enter])rises, 
many  of  which  took  exhibits  from  this  State,  were  not  assisted  at  the 
expense  of  the  Commission:  l)ut  the  State  exhil)its  mentioned  in  this 
volume  were  gathered,  prepared,  installed  and  cared  for  whollv  or  in 
part  at  the  expense  of  the  State,  authorized  bv  an  act  of  the  Fortv-Sec- 
ond  General  Assembly  in  1901.  which  appropriated  the  sum  of  $250,- 
000  for  the  purpose.  The  unexpended  balance  of  the  above  amount 
being  reappropriated  by  the  Forty-Third  General  Assemblv  in  1903. 


GOVERNOR  YATES  AT  HEAD  OF  ILLINOIS  TROOPS 

Dedication  Day,  April  30,    1903 


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Report   of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 


THE  STATE  OF  ILLINOIS 


The  State  of  Illinois  embraces  56,000  square  miles  of  territory, 
bounded  along  its  entire  western  border  by  the  Mississippi  River  and 
partly  on  its  eastern  border  by  the  Ohio  and  Wabash  Rivers,  and  Lake 
MichVan.  It  is  a  "  Prairie  S^ate."  It  contains  more  acres  of  tillable 
soil  than  any  other  State  in  the  Union,  with  the  possible  exception  of 
Iowa,  and  leads  all  the  States  in  the  value  of  its  agricultural  products 
per  acre. 

AGRICULTURE 

Agriculture  is  therefore  the  leading  industry  of  the  State.  Illinois 
has  16,769,010  acres  of  land  devoted  to  the  cultivation  of  cereals,  and 
produced  in  1900  a  crop  valued  at  $212,276,816,  an  average  of  v$i2.o6 
to  the  acre,— the  highest  average  of  all  the  States.  The  leading  cereals, 
in  order  of  their  importance,  are  corn,  oats,  hay,  broom-corn,  and  rye. 

256,213  acres  of  land  in  this  State  is  devoted  to  raising  vegetables. 
The  total  value  of  these  is  $10,346,797,  or  $40.23  per  acre.  Horticul- 
ture is  one  of  the  most  important  industries  of  the  State  and  is  increas- 
ing in  its  importance  very  rapidly.  In  1900  Illinois  ranked  third  among 
the  States  in  the  number  of  apple  trees  and  produced  9,178, 150  bushels. 
Peaches,  pears,  grapes,  strawberries,  and  other  small  fruits  are  raised 
in  great  abundance  and  are  everywhere  a  profitable  crop. 

MINING 

Coal  is  the  leading  mineral  product  of  the  State,  the  out])ut  being 
from  twenty-five  to  thirty  millions  of  tons  annually.  The  coal  is  bitu- 
minous and  is  worth  at  the  mines  from  37  cents  to  $1.35  per  ton.  There 
are  over  nine  hundred  coal  mines  in  the  State,  giving  employment  to 
45,000  men.  L^nlike  many  States  a  large  portion  of  the  mining  lands 
is  also  agricultural  land  of  the  highest  order  and  mucli  more  is  well 
adapted  to  horticulture. 

OTHER  INDUSTRIES 

Illinois  has  a  i)()pulati()n  of  more  than  i\\Q  millions  and  ranks  as 
the  third  State  in  the  Lhiion.  New  \'ork  being  first  and  l^ennsylvania 
second.  Its  metropolis,  Chicago,  is  the  second  city  in  population,  New 
York  City  alone  being  larger.  It  follows,  therefore,  that  Illinois  must, 
with  its  large  population,  its  vast  resources  and  its  central  location 
among  the  States,  be  a  leader  in  manufactures,  finance,  transportation. 
— that  it  is  an  empire  in  itsel  f . 

15 


Report  of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 


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FOURTH  ILLINOIS  INFANTRY  AND  GALESBURG  BATTERS 

Dedication  Day,  April  30,    1903 


The  total  miles  of  railroad  track  in  the  State  are  over  ii,ooo  of 
main  line  or  over  18,000  miles  of  trackage,  including  the  branches  and 
yard  tracks.  This  is  about  one-fifth  of  a  mile  of  road  for  every  square 
mile  of  land  in  the  State.  But  one  other  State  exceeds  this  amount  and 
that  is  Pennsvlvania.  The  natural  centers  of  transportation  are  Chi- 
cago, on  the  Great  Lakes,  and  East  St.  Louis,  on  the  ^Mississippi  River. 

The  State  is  second  only  to  New  York  in  the  volume  of  its  finan- 
cial transactions.  There  are  1,100  banks  in  the  State  with  a  total  capi- 
tal of  nearly  $75,000,000,  and  a  surplus  of  $27,000,000.  The  clear- 
ances in  Chicago  alone  are  nearing  ten  billions  of  dollars  annually. 

The  manufactures  of  the  State  are  growing  rapidly.  This  follows 
from  the  enormous  output  of  its  agricultural  and  mineral  resources,  and 
as  a  result  of  unsurpassed  transportation  facilities  and  its  abundance  of 
cheap  fuel.  Only  New  York  and  Pennsylvania  can  boast  a  larger  out- 
put of  manufactures  than  Illinois,  the  value  of  these  products  being, 
according  to  the  last  census,  $1,259,730,168.  The  capital  invested,  by 
the  same  authority,  is  $776,828,598.  The  manufacturing  enterprises 
of  this  State  give  employment  to  400,000  wage  earners,  who  receive  in 
wages  $191,510,962  annually.  The  materials  used  in  manufactures 
are  worth  $739,754,414.  Of  these  materials  the  larger  portion  is  agri- 
cultural products,  wood  and  iron.  The  leading  manufactures  are  agri- 
cultural implements,  vehicles,  railway  coaches,  glucose,  distilled  liquors, 
packing  house  products,  watches,  furniture,  clothing,  books,  etc. 

16 


Report   of   the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exoosition 

The  products  of  iron  and  steel  are  especially  important.  In  these 
only  Pennsylvania  and  Ohio  surpass  Illinois.  There  are  twenty-six 
plants  with  a  capital  of  $43,356,239,  employing  16,642  men  and  pay- 
ing $9,640,716  in  wages  annually. 

The  publishing  business  in  the  State  is  an  important  industry. 
There  are  1,755  regular  publications  with  a  total  circulation  of  eleven 
millions  per  issue,  or  an  average  of  6,737. 

EDUCATION 

Illinois  is  justly  proud,  therefore,  of  its  great  resources  and  the 
intelligent  zeal  with  which  they  are  being  developed.  But  no  statement 
which  pretends  to  set  forth  the  greatness  of  the  commonwealth  and  its 
people  is  complete  without  attention  to  its  system  of  education.  Illinois 
affords  its  youth  a  free  education  from  the  kindergarten  and  primary 
school  to  the  post-graduate  work  in  its  State  University. 

Out  of  a  total  of  1,601,175  persons  of  "school  age,"  between  six  and 
twenty-one  years,  971,841  were  enrolled  in  the  schools.  About  one- 
third  of  these  are  in  ungraded  schools,  where  the  average  number  of 
days  in  the  school  year  is  92.  The  rest  are  in  the  graded  schools  where 
the  average  length  of  the  school  year  is  143  days.  There  are  12,855 
free  public  schools  in  which  27,186  teachers  are  employed.  There  are 
6.800  male  and  20,386  female  teachers.  The  average  wages  of  the 
men  are  $64.55.  ^"^1  of  the  women  $54.18  per  month.  The  total  cost 
of  the  public  schools  of  this  State  is  nearly  $20  000,000  a  year.  There 
are  144,471  pupils  and  3,963  teachers  in  the  private  schools  of  the 
State. 

THE   STATE   UNIVERSITY 

The  University  of  Illinois  is  at  the  head  of  the  educational  system 
of  the  State.  This  institution  is  located  at  Urbana,  in  Champaign 
County,  and  was  chartered  February  28,  1867.  It  is  therefore  com- 
paratively a  young  institution,  when  the  age  of  similar  institutions  in 
other  States  is  considered.  Up  to  the  year  1892  the  appropriations  were 
small  when  compared  Avith  the  sums  appropriated  to  like  purposes  in 
other  States  surrounding  ours.  Since  that  date,  however,  the  State  has 
been  more  liberal. 

The  University  has  equipment  for  every  department  of  liberal  and 
technical  education.  It  is  especially  recognized  for  its  work  in  agricul- 
ture and  engineering.  The  faculty  is  the  fourth  in  rank  of  numbers 
among  the  Universities  of  America  and  the  attendance,  this  year  about 
3,700,  gives  the  institution  at  least  sixth  rank  among  similar  institu- 
tions. Among  the  exhibits  at  the  Louisiana  Purchase  Exposition  no 
other  institution  of  learning  made  a  better  or  more  comprehensive  ex- 
hibit. 

OTHER  STATE   INSTITUTIONS 

The  other  State  educational  institutions  are  the  Illinois  State  Nor- 
mal University,  located  at  Normal ;  the  Southern  Illinois  Normal  Un- 

2  17 


^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^SSm^Jj  •« 

- .  #i-  .'*u';  ^- 

Report  of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

iversity,  located  at  Carbondale;  the  Eastern  State  Normal  School,  lo- 
cated at  Charleston ;  the  Northern  Illinois  Normal  School,  located  at 
De  Kalb ;  and  the  Western  Illinois  Normal  School,  located  at  Macomb. 

The  charitable  institutions  of  the  State  are  sixteen  in  number  and 
in  these  are  1 1,355  wards.  There  are  six  hospitals  for  the  insane;  one 
at  Jacksonville  the  Central  Hospital  for  the  Insane;  one  at  Anna,  the 
Southern  Hospital  for  the  Insane ;  one  at  Kankakee,  the  Eastern  Hos- 
pital for  the  Insane;  one  at  Elgin,  the  Northern  Hospital  for  the  In- 
sane ;  one  at  Watertown.  the  Western  Hospital  for  the  Insane ;  one  at 
Bartonville.  the  Hospital  for  the  Incurable  Insane ;  and  one  at  Chester, 
the  Asylum  for  the  Criminal  Insane. 

Other  charitable  institutions  are  the  Asylum  for  Feeble  Minded 
Children,  at  Lincoln ;  the  Institution  for  the  Deaf,  at  Jacksonville ;  the 
Institution  for  the  Blind,  at  Jacksonville ;  the  Industrial  Home  for  the 
Blind,  at  Chicago;  the  Charitable  Eye  and  Ear  Infirmary,  at  Chicago; 
the  Training  School  for  Girls,  at  Geneva;  the  St.  Charles  Home  for 
Boys ;  the  Soldier's  Orphans'  Home,  at  Normal ;  the  Soldiers'  and  Sail- 
ors' Home,  at  Quincy ;  and  the  Soldiers'  Widows'  Home,  at  Wilming- 
ton. 

The  penal  and  reformatory  institutions  are  three  in  number,  the 
State  Penitentiary  at  Joliet,  the  Southern  Penitentiary  at  Chester,  and 
the  State  Reformatory  at  Pontiac. 

By  their  nature  many  of  these  institutions  could  not  be  represented 
among  the  exhibits  at  the  Exposition. 


19 


';^M4* 


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Report  of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the  Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 


Illinois  at  the  World's  Fair 


By  EMILY  GRANT  HUTCHINGS 


St.  Louis,  July  13. — The  third  of  a  series  of  brilliant  military  re- 
ceptions was  given  last  night  at  the  Illinois  building  on  the  World's 
Fair  grounds.  The  Second  regiment,  with  General  Scott  at  its  head, 
acted  as  host,  and  the  receiving  line  included,  in  addition  to  the  officers 
of  the  regiment  and  their  wives,  the  two  hostesses  Mrs.  Craig  and  Mrs. 
Coleman,  wi\-es  of  two  of  the  commissioners,  who  are  detailed  to  pre- 
side over  the  building  during  the  first  two  weeks  of  July.. 

The  reception  was  tendered  to  Governor  and  Mrs.  Yates,  and  it 
afforded  an  opportunity  for  the  personnel  of  the  Exposition  and  the 
social  leaders  of  St.  Louis  to  meet  the  Governor  of  Illinois.  In  the 
course  of  the  evening  elaborate  refreshments  were  served  and  the 
charming  affair  closed  with  a  grand  military  ball. 

As  a  center  of  social  gayety  the  magnificent  State  Home  on  the 
hill  west  of  the  Cascades  is  almost  without  an  exposition  rival.  How- 
ever, the  World's  Fair  has  something  more  of  Illinois  than  social  at- 
tractions to  oft'er  to  the  visiting  public. 

The  advantage  of  nearness  to  the  seat  of  the  World's  Fair,  which 
made  possible  the  great  displays  of  Missouri,  was  enjoyed  and  made 
use  of  almost  as  fully  by  the  sister  State  of  Illinois.  In  every  depart- 
ment of  the  Exposition  the  great  resources  of  Illinois  are  shown. 

The  State  Home  is,  with  possibly  two  exceptions,  the  most  pre- 
tentious of  all  the  State  buildings,  and  certainly  its  location  is  the  most 
commanding.  From  the  intramural  cars  this  great  white  structure, 
with  its  generous  verandas  and  its  wealth  of  ornament,  can  be  seen  at 
several  points.  It  is  not  on  the  Plateau  of  States,  but  is  the  important 
member  of  another  state  group  on  The  Trail,  directly  west  of  the  Cas- 
cade Gardens.  Across  the  way  lie  the  beautiful  gardens  of  Japan,  and 
the  Lincoln  museum  is  directly  north. 

The  building  is  designed  along  the  lines  of  the  French  Renais- 
sance, but  it  is  entirely  modern  in  treatment.  For  instance,  in  the  relief 
ornament  of  frieze  and  cornice  the  fleur-de-lis  is  replaced  by  the  ear- 
of-corn  motif.  This  is  Illinois  Renaissance  and  is  something  more 
than  cut  and  dried  ornament.    It  is  symbolic  of  the  State. 

The  two  great  statutes  that  greet  the  visitor  are  those  of  Lincoln 
and  Douglas.  The  grand  central  reception  hall  is  done  in  tones  of 
ivory,  green  and  gold,  with  floor  of  tile.  The  medallion  center  of  the 
tile  is  the  great  seal  of  the  State.    At  one  side  of  the  broad  staircase  is 


*  From  the  daily  papers. 

21 


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Report   of   the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

a  raised  platform  on  which  stands  a  grand  piano.    This  elevated  apart- 
ment serves  as  a  reception  and  music  room. 

Opening  from  the  great  hall  are  reading  rooms,  rest  rooms  and 
the  office  of  the  Commission.  On  the  floor  above  are  the  suites  of 
apartments  for  the  Governor,  the  Commission  and  the  officers  of  the 
buildino-.  The  wives  of  the  Commissioners  serve  as  hostesses,  each 
one  doing  the  honors  for  a  period  of  ten  days  at  a  time. 

One  of  the  most  noteworthy  features  of  the  Illinois  State  Home  is 
its  verandas.  From  these  every  part  of  the  Exposition  grounds  can  be 
seen,  and  the  night  view  is  especially  glorious.  The  building  was  de- 
signed by  Illinois  architects,  erected  i3y  Illinois  labor  and  furnished,  for 
the  most  part,  by  Illinois  firms.  Hence  it  is  really  an  expression  of  the 
State  it  represents.    Its  cost  was  $90,000. 

Aside  from  the  State  Home,  the  most  remarkable  exhibits  of  the 
State  are  those  in  the  Palace  of  Mines  and  Metallurgy  and  the  Palace 
of  Asfriculture.  In  the  former  there  is  abundant  evidence  that  Illinois 
is  primarily  a  mining  state,  while  the  latter  wholly  contradicts  this  no- 
tion. As  a  matter  of  fact,  Illinois  ranks  second  to  Pennsylvania  in  the 
production  of  coal,  and  its  quarries  yield  a  fine  quality  of  both  sand  and 
lime  stone.  The  booth  in  the  Palace  of  Mines  contains  the  largest 
block  of  soft  coal  ever  removed  from  a  mine.  It  is  6x7x8  feet  in  size 
and  was  hoisted  335  feet  from  the  shaft.  In  the  coal  exhibit  there  are 
specimens  of  the  product  of  over  fifty  mines,  with  chemical  analysis, 
showing  their  respective  heating  capacity. 

There  is  a  large  display  of  the  clay  industry  of  the  S<:ate,  including 
bricks,  tile,  and  pottery.  In  addition  there  are  shown  splendid  speci- 
mens of  flur  spar,  lead,  and  zinc.  If  these  varied  mineral  products 
suffice  to  convince  the  visitor  that  Illinois  is  primarily  a  mining  state, 
he  should  straightway  inspect  the  two  Illinois  displays  at  the  west  side 
of  the  grounds. 

In  the  Palace  of  Horticulture  there  is  an  extensive  table  exhibit 
of  fresh  fruit,  especially  of  apples  and  the  more  ephemeral  fruits,  such 
as  berries  and  plums.  However,  the  best  display  of  all  is  in  the  Palace 
of  Agriculture.  In  the  cold  storage  case  in  the  dairy  section  are  two 
exceptionally  good  pieces  of  butter  sculpture.  They  are  the  busts  of 
those  two  great  Illinoisans,  Lincoln  and  Grant. 

The  most  striking  feature  of  the  great  corn  pavilion  is  an  enor- 
mous broom  that  is  typical  both  of  the  production  of  broom  corn  and 
of  the  State's  broom  industry.  In  the  corners  are  small  ornamental 
booths  made  entirely  of  the  native  woods  of  the  State.  One  of  these  is 
used  as  an  office  by  the  Secretary.  There  are  several  excellent  pictures 
made  of  various  grains.  Among  the  grain  pictures  are  three  that  are 
worthy  to  stand  together.  These  are  President  Lincoln.  Governor 
Yates  and  the  great  seal  of  the  State. 

By  far  the  largest  and  most  significant  part  of  the  exhibit  is  the 
collection  of  samples  of  corn,  planted,  cultivated  and  harvested  by  boys. 
The  league  of  corn  growers  now  numbers  8,000  members  and  there 
are  1,100  prizes  each  year,  the  first  being  $500.  Each  boy  submits 
ten  ears  of  corn  from  his  own  patch,  together  with  an  account  of  his 

23 


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Report   of  the   Illinois  Commission   to   the  Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

experiences  and  methods.  The  prize  winners  have  attached  their 
photoi^raphs  to  the  little  pyramid  of  ten  ears  of  fine  corn.  For  the 
farming-  industry  of  the  State  nothing  could  possibly  be  better  than  this 
annual  contest.  The  boy  is  taught  to  look  upon  the  scientific  cultiva- 
tion of  the  soil  as  something  worthy  his  best  effort.  That  in  which  he 
takes  a  personal  pride  ceases  to  be  drudgery.  As  a  result  of  this  corn 
contest,  much  of  the  danger  that  all  the  farmer  boys  will  seek  the  great 
cities  may  be  averted,  and  it  is  well  that  the  great  Exposition  should 
encourage  the  boys  in  their  worthy  enterprise. 


25 


Report   of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 


The  Illinois  Commission  and  its  Work 


By  HENRY  M.  DUNLAP.   President 


The  Forty-Second  General  Assembly  appropriated  $250,000  to 
provide  for  the  participation  and  proper  representation  of  the  interests 
of  the  State  of  Illinois  in  the  Louisiana  Purchase  Exposition,  to  be  held 
in  the  city  of  St.  Louis  from  April  30th  to  December  ist,  1903.  After- 
ward the  time  for  holding  said  Exposition  was  postponed  until  1904 

The  law  provided  for  the  appointment  of  a  Commission  of  fifteen 
members  to  be  known  as  the  "Illinois  Commission  to  the  Louisiana 
Exposition." 

The  members  of  this  Commission  as  originally  appointed  were: 
Samuel  Alschuler,  H.  C.  Beitler.  C.  F.  Coleman.  C.  C.  Craig-,  F.  M. 
Blount,  H.  M.  Dunlap,  I.  L.  Ellwood,  J.  H.  Farrell.  D.  M.  Funk,  J.  H. 
Miller,  Jos.  P.  Mahoney,  P.  T.  Chapman,  J.  N.  C.  Shumway,  C.  N. 
Travous,  C.  N.  Rannals. 

The  Commission  met  on  the  call  of  Governor  Yates  at  his  office  in 
the  State  Capitol,  J^-dy  20th,  1901,  and  organized  by  the  election  of 
ofificers  as  follows:  Presiden^  H.  M.  Dunlap;  vice-president,  C.  N. 
Travous;  second  vice-president,  J.  P.  Mahoney;  treasurer,  P.  T.  Chap- 
man ;  secretary,  John  J.  Brown.  J.  H.  Paddock  was  elected  assistant 
secretarv  and  held  that  office  for  one  year.  These  officers  continued  to 
serve  the  Commission  until  the  completion  of  its  work  except  Hon.  P. 
T.  Chapman,  who  was  succeeded  by  Walter  Warder  as  treasurer. 

Of  the  members  originally  appointed  the  following  afterward  re- 
signed, viz :  I.  L.  Ellwood,  C.  N.  Rannals,  P.  T.  Chapman,  Samuel 
Alschuler.  H.  C.  Beitler,  F.  M.  Blount,  and  were  succeeded  by  John  H. 
Pierce,  Albert  Campbell,  Walter  Warder,  W.  L.  Mounts,  T.  K.  Con  ■ 
dit,  and  Wm.  J.  Moxley. 

The  Commission  has  served  from  July  20th,  1901,  the  date  of  its 
organization  up  to  the  present  time,  a  period  of  two  and  one-half  years. 
During  that  time  many  meetings  of  the  Commission  were  held  which 
rec|uired  the  attendance  of  the  members.  The  principal  work,  how- 
ever, was  done  through  the  fifteen  committees,  each  member  of  the 
Commission  as  chairman  of  a  committee  having  a  special  work  to  per- 
form. The  list  of  these  committees  and  members  of  same  are  given  on 
a  preceding  page  of  this  report.  As  president  I  was  ex-officio  a  mem- 
ber of  all  committees  and  can  bear  witness  that  all  did  their  work  con- 
scientiously, and  several,  on  whom  the  burden  fell  more  than  on  others, 
with  great  ability  and  personal  sacrifice. 

SELECTING  A  BUILDING  SITE 

Owing  to  the  great  interest  taken  in  the  Exposition  by  the  people 
of  Illinois,  the  fact  that  St.  Louis  was  in  a  commercial  sense  the  metrop- 

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Report  of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

olis  of  Southern  Illinois  and  that  the  Leg-islature  had  made  a  liberal 
appropriation.  Illinois,  next  to  Missouri,  was  accorded  choice  of  a  site 
for  its  State  Building.  The  first  site  selected  was  at  the  head  of  an 
avenue  leading-  up  to  the  higher  ground  from  the  Mines  and  Mineral 
Building,  afterwards  given  to  Ohio  and  on  which  its  State  Building 
was  erected. 

On  the  afternoon  of  Sept.  30th,  1902,  the  first  site  selected  for  the 
Illinois  Building  was.  together  with  other  sites  for  State  Buildings 
officially  allotted  with  appropriate  ceremonies.  Director  of  Works, 
Isaac  S.  Taylor,  made  a  report  to  President  David  R.  Francis  of  the 
Exposition,  who  in  an  appropriate  address  assigned  and  turned  over 
with  due  formality  to  the  president  of  the  Illinois  Commission  the  allot- 
ment of  ground  for  the  Illinois  Building.  The  president  of  the  Com- 
mission responded  and  then  introduced  the  Hon.  Clark  E.  Carr,  of 
Galesburg,  who  made  an  eloquent  address  on  the  resources  of  Illinois, 
paying  a  feeling  tribute  to  her  great  men  of  the  past.  The  address  was 
one  of  the  best  delivered  during  the  day  and  was  warmly  applauded. 

Afterward  when  the  plans  for  the  building  had  been  approved  it 
was  found  that  the  site  first  selected  was  inadequate,  owing  to  the  con- 
formation of  the  ground  and  a  second  one  was  allotted  opposite  the  site 
of  the  New  York  Building,  and  where  stood  later  the  Minnesota 
Building.  On  August  27th,  1903,  when  everything  was  ready  to  begin 
work  on  the  building,  it  became  known  that  the  site  on  the  "trail"  where 
the  State  Building  was  finally  erected  was  available,  and  that  place  was 
selected  as  the  most  desirable  site,  everything  considered.  The  wisdom 
of  the  choice  was  afterward  conceded  by  all.  This  beautiful  site  over- 
looked a  large  portion  of  the  Exposition  and  was  convenient  of  access, 
occupying  as  it  did  the  center  of  the  grounds. 

The  construction,  decoration,  furnishing  and  description  of  this 
building  will  be  left  to  the  committees  having  that  in  charge. 

EXHIBITS 

No  one  knows  except  those  who  have  been  identified  with  such 
work  how  much  of  labor  and  expense  attends  the  planning,  assembling, 
and  installation  of  an  exhibit  at  a  World's  Fair.  To  conform  to  the 
rules  of  the  Exposition  to  eliminate  uninteresting  articles,  to  install 
attractively  and  exhibit  that  which  will  interest,  instruct  and  attract 
the  attention  of  the  visitor  requires  thought,  effort  and  expense.  There 
were  installed  by,  or  under  the  auspices  of,  the  Illinois  Commission, 
fourteen  separate  and  distinct  exhibits,  including  that  of  live-stock. 
Each  exhibit  was  in  charge  of  a  superintendent  and  a  committee  of  the 
Commission.  A  report  from  the  chairman  or  the  superintendent  of 
each  exhibit  will  follow  and  the  names  of  those  in  charge  will  appear 
in  the  report.  They  will  explain  in  detail  the  nature  of  the  exhibits 
made.  The  installation  for  the  exhibits,  by  which  I  mean  the  proper 
outlining  of  the  spaces  occupied,  the  fixtures,  including  booths,  tables, 
shelving,  etc.,  was  characteristic,  and  having  seen  one  installation  the 
visitor  was  impressed  in  viewing  other  Illinois  exhibits  in  the  different 

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Report  of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the  Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

buildings  that  the  same  type  of  architectural  features  prevailed  in  all 
of  them.  Pictures  showing  the  several  exhibits  will  discover  this  feat- 
ure. All,  committees  and  superintendents  alike,  worked  faithfully, 
earnestly  and  intelligently  to  make  each  exhibit  a  success  and  the  result 
was  all  that  could  be  asked  or  expected  for  the  amount  of  money  ex- 
pended. There  was  not  a  single  failure  among  them  all.  I  find  it  im- 
possible to  select  for  special  praise  any  where  all  did  so  well.  It  should 
be  said  in  justice  to  those  in  charge  that  never  before  were  the  natural 
resources  of  the  State  so  well  presented  to  the  people  of  the  world  at  a 
great  Exposition.  Its  agriculture,  horticulture  and  mineral  exhibits 
were  never  so  complete  and  thorough. 

DEDICATION   DAY 

On  this  occasion,  April  30,  1903,  when  the  Exposition  was  form- 
erly dedicated,  the  governors  of  many  states  were  present,  and  in  the 
parade  were  government  troops  representing  every  branch  of  the  serv- 
ice, together  with  regiments  or  batallions  of  National  Guards  from 
many  of  the  states. 

From  Illinois  came  Governor  Yates  and  staff,  and  Adjutant  Gen- 
eral Scott,  all  mounted  and  at  the  head  of  the  Illinois  National  Guard, 
represented  in  splendid  form  by  the  4th  Regiment ;  Troop  G,  Firsc 
Cavalry;  Battery  B,  Artillery  Batallion,  Galesburg  and  Naval  Re- 
serves, composed  of  the  ist,  2d,  3d,  and  4th  Divisions  of  the  Second 
Ship's  Crew  from  Moline,  Rock  Island,  Alton,  and  Ouincy.  President 
Roosevelt  and  ex-President  Cleveland  were  in  the  reviewing  stand. 
The  showing  made  by  the  Illinois  National  Guard  was  worthy  of  the 
State. 

DEDICATION   OF  BUILDING 

The  building  was  practically  completed  by  the  opening  day  of 
the  Fair,  except  as  to  the  furniture  and  furnishings  which  were  in  place 
shortly  thereafter.  The  building  was  formally  opened  to  the  public  on 
May  27,  1904.  Cadets  eight  hundred  strong  from  the  University  of 
Illinois,  went  into  camp  May  26,  and  formed  a  conspicuous  part  of  the 
parade  on  the  27th. 

The  parade  formed  at  ten  o'clock  in  the  forenoon  in  front  of  the 
Administration  Building,  and  consisted  of  carriages  containing  promi- 
nent World's  Fair  officials.  Governor  and  Mrs.  Yates,  prominent  State 
officials  and  the  Illinois  Commissioners,  the  University  Cadets  and  a 
company  of  Jeft'erson  Guards,  the  Decatur  Military  Band  and  the  Uni- 
versity of  Illinois  Band  furnished  the  music.  The  parade  proceeded 
from  the  Administration  Building  to  the  Plaza  St.  Louis,  and  thence  to 
the  Illinois  Building,  where  appropriate  exercises  were  held. 

A  reception  followed  with  Governor  and  Mrs.  Yates,  President 
Francis  of  the  Exposition  and  members  of  Illinois  Commission  in  the 
receiving  line.  After  the  reception  a  collation  was  served  in  the  upper 
balcony  of  the  building.  Nearly  two  thousand  gues^^s  were  entertained. 
The  day  was  beautiful  and  the  affair  was  entertaining  and  pleasant 


throughout. 


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Report   of   the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

ILLINOIS   DAYS 

Ever}'  State  represented  at  the  Fair  celebrated  its  State  Day  and 
upon  this  occasion  its  glory  was  reflected  from  every  part  of  the  Fair. 
These  State  Days  were  held  generally  through  September  and  October. 
In  keeping  with  this  custom  Illinois  State  Days  were  appointed  for 
September  21  and  22.  Accordingly  all  State  officers,  members  of  the 
Legislature,  Mayors  of  cities,  Postmasters  and  the  State  Press  were 
invited  to  be  present.  It  was  most  gratifying  to  note  the  large  num- 
bers who  responded,  and  the  Illinois  visitors  in  general  who  were  pres- 
ent on  those  davs. 

On  September  21.  starting  at  10  A.  M.  the  Governor  and  the 
Commission  made  a  tour  of  inspection  to  all  Illinois  exhibits. 

The  number  of  Illinois  visitors  who  visited  the  building  during 
this  day  may  in  some  measure  be  estimated  by  the  fact  that  three 
thousand  Illinois  buttons  were  given  away  before  2  p.  m._,  and  that  six- 
teen hundred  people  registered  at  the  building. 

At  6  p.  M.  a  dinner  was  given  to  the  Governor  and  State  officials, 
and  at  8  P.  m.  a  reception  was  held  which  was  by  far  the  most  brilliant 
function  given  to  the  people  of  our  State.  It  is  estimated  that  over 
two  thousand  persons  were  present.  The  building  was  also  beautifully 
illuminated  on  the  outside  by  Pain's  Pyrotechnic  Company,  and  the 
citizens  of  our  State  had  every  reason  to  feel  proud  of  our  representa- 
tion at  the  Fair. 

On  September  22  a  parade  was  formed  at  2  p.  m.  in  front  of  Ad- 
ministration Building,  consisting  of  the  officials  of  the  Exposition, 
Governor  Yates  and  staff  mounted,  with  Adjt. -General  Scott  at  the 
head  of  the  Naval  Reserves  from  Chicago,  Ouincv,  Alton,  and  Rock 
Island,  and  three  companies  of  the  Illinois  National  Guards,  viz :  Com- 
pany C,  Taylorville.  Fifth  Regiment ;  Company  K,  Kewanee,  Sixtli 
Regiment,  and  Company  M,  Metropolis,  Eighth  Regiment.  The  Jef- 
fries Military  Band  of  Jacksonville,  and  the  Parish  Military  Band  of 
Taylorville,  furnished  the  music  for  the  occasion.  The  parade  was 
followed  by  ceremonies  at  the  State  Building  with  appropriate  ad- 
dresses by  Governor  Yates  and  President  D.  R.  Francis,  interspersed 
with  music  by  the  Shelbyville  quartette. 

At  6  p.  M.  a  dinner  was  given  to  visiting  members  of  the  Legis- 
lature by  the  Commission. 

CHICAGO    DAY 

Chicago  Day  was  one  of  the  largest  in  attendance  at  the  Louisiana 
Purchase  Exposition.  By  eight  o'clock  in  the  morning  the  Illinois 
Building  was  crowded.  In  less  than  two  hours  after  distribution  began 
fifteen  thousand  "Chicago  Day  buttons"  were  given  out.  After  that 
there  was  no  difficulty  in  designating  Chicago  people.  The  grounds 
fairly  bloomed  with  yellow  spots.  Three  registers  were  put  out  for 
use  and  for  the  entire  day  three  rows  of  people  stood  in  line  waiting 
their  turn  to  register.  The  building  was  entirely  too  small  to  accommo  ■ 
date  the  mass  of  people  who  wished  to  hear  the  speeches. 

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Report   of   the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

At  about  twelve  o'clock  the  Jefferson  Guards  cleared  a  path  for 
the  distinguished  guests  and  speakers  to  pass  through  to  the  stage. 

J.  P.  Mahoney,  vice-president  of  the  Commission,  called  the  meet- 
ing to  order.  Hon.  J.  C.  Doyle,  superintendent  of  the  Illinois  Building 
welcomed  the  Chicago  people  in  the  name  of  Governor  Vates,  who 
could  not  be  present.  President  D.  R.  Francis  was  then  introduced, 
gave  a  glowing  tribute  to  Chicago  people  and  welcomed  them  to  the 
Exposition. 

Mayor  Rollo  Wells  of  St.  Louis  welcomed  Mayor  Harrison  and 
the  Chicago  visitors.  Mayor  Harrison  spoke  next  in  behalf  of  Chicago 
people. 

Chairman  Bennett,  as  a  Chicago  Alderman,  made  the  closing  ad- 
dress. The  program  closed  at  1.30  but  the  gathering  turned  into  an 
mformal  reception  which  seemed  to  last  all  the  afternoon. 

At  two  o'clock  a  fine  musical  program  was  rendered  by  Madam 
Anna  Weiss  of  Chicago,  pianist,  and  Wm.  A.  Willett  of  Chicago,  bari- 
tone. 

At  three-thirty  the  First  CaAalry  Band  from  Chicago,  located  on 
the  east  piazza  gave  a  concert. 

At  eight  p.  M.  an  informal  reception  was  given  to  the  Chicago 
visitors.  At  this  time  the  Marquis  de  Saiza,  court  singer  to  Portugal, 
a  fine  baritone  singer,  rendered  several  selections. 

On  Sunday,  October  9,  at  three  p.  m.  a  sacred  concert  was  given 
for  the  pleasure  of  Chicago  guests.     The  music  was  furnished  bv  the 
Indian  Band  from  the  United  States  Government  School  and  Mrs   C 
J.  Doyle.  •     • 

HOSPITALITY 

The  nearness  of  the  State  to  St.  Louis  enabled  many  of  our  people 
to  visit  the  Exposition  and  incidentally  to  partake  of  the  hospitality  of 
the  Illinois  Building.  The  broad  verandas,  the  ladies'  parlor  and  'rest 
rooms,  the  men's  reading  rooms,  the  main  rotunda,  upper  gallery  and 
balcony,  were  always  occupied  by  resting  people,  and  to  say  that  thous- 
ands occupied  the  easy  chairs  and  partook  of  their  noonday  lunch  on 
the  veranda  settees,  is  putting  it  very  mildly. 

Everything  was  done  to  make  their  stay  at  the  building 
pleasant.  Three  pianos  were  at  their  service  and  often  concerts  were 
given  for  their  entertainment.  Two  hostesses  were  constantly  in  at- 
tendance in  the  building  and  aided  greatly  in  making  it  pleasant  for 
Illinois  people  and  their  friends,  and  whether  thev  came  arrayed  in 
costly  apparel  or  ordinary  dress  did  not  matter.  It  is  greatly 'to  the 
credit  of  the  hostesses  that  several  of  them  received  letters  from  perfect 
strangers  on  arrival  at  their  homes,  expressing  in  strongest  terms  their 
gratitude  for  courtesies  extended.  A  list  of  the  ladies  who  acted  as 
hostesses  of  the  building  is  included  in  this  report. 

The  Commission  was  fortunate  in  securing  as  matron  of  the  build- 
ing an  intelligent  and  gracious  lady  in  the  person  of  Miss  Mary  E. 
Berkey.^  Her  ability  was  tested  on  many  occasions  and  the  success  of 
all  functions  held  at  the  building  was  largely  due  to  her  earnest  efforts 
and  good  judgment.     So  great  was  her  success  that  the  Chicago  Day 

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Report   of   the    Illinois   Commission    to   the   Louisiana    Purchase   Exposition 


accounts  in  the  ciU'  papers  were  full 
of  her  praises.  The  Commission  is 
under  ()1)hg-ations  for  her  faithful 
and  efficient  services. 

The  Superintendents  of  the  l)uild- 
ino-s  were  three  in  number.  Mr. 
Tui.irs  Kespohl,  jr..  of  Oumcy. 
served  from  May  until  in  August, 
and  the  Commission  parted  Nvith 
liim  with  regret,  for  his  administra- 
tion was  highly  satisfactory  and  the 
Commission  dou1)ted  its  ability  to 
re])lace  him  with  another  as  com- 
l)etent.  However,  in  the  person  of 
]\Ir.  C.  J.  Doyle  of  Greenfield,  they 
were  happily  disappointed  and 
ideased.  Mr.  Doyle  entered  upon 
his  duties  as  to  the  manor  born  and 
until  his  departure  in  November  no 
fault  could  be  found.  His  adminis- 
tration reflected  credit  upon  the 
Commission  and  himself.  All  re- 
member with  pleasure  his  genial  smile,  accommodating  disposition  and 
cheerful  sinrit  under  trying  circumstances. 

Mr.  Fred  C.  Doods,  of  Springfield,  filled  out  the  unexpired  term 
as  Superintendent  on  Mr.  Doyle's  retirement  about  November  ist. 


MISS  MARY  E.  BERKEY 

Matron 


JULIUS  KESPOHL.  JR. 

Superintendent  Illinois  Building,  May -August 


C.  J.  DOYLE 
Superintendent  Illinois  Building,  August-October 


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Report  of  the   Illinois  Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 


CLOSING   UP 

The  closing  up  of  the  business  of  the  Commission,  the  sale  of  the 
building,  furniture  and  exhibits,  involved  considerable  work.  The 
Commission  on  two  separate  occasions  advertised  the  building-  and 
furniture  for  sale.  Advertisements  to  that  effect  appearing  in  the  St. 
Louis,  Chicago,  and  Springfield  papers.  Opportunity  was  given  for 
people  to  bid  for  the  building  and  furnishings  as  a  whole,  for  them 
separately  or  for  any  part.  About  sixty  separate  bids  were  received. 
Some  for  one  article  only,  many  for  a  few  pieces  of  furniture  and  a 
very  few  for  the  building  or  furniture  as  a  whole.  Four  bids  were  re- 
ceived for  the  building,  viz:  $200,  $500,  $750,  and  $1,000.  The  bids 
on  the  building  included  a  provision  that  all  debris  from  the  wrecking 
of  same  should  be  removed  and  the  ground  cleared  and  left  as  it  was 
originally.  All  of  which  involved  considerable  expense.  The  bid  of 
the  Southern  Illinois  Construction  Company  of  East  St.  Louis,  was  the 
highest,  including-  building,  furniture  and  furnishings,  and  amounted 
to  $4  250.  This  bid  was  accepted.  Articles  in  other  exhibits  not  in- 
cluded were  afterward  disposed  of  and  are  included  in  the  financial 
statement,  bringing  the  amount  of  salvage  to  over  $5,000.  This 
amount  seems  small  but  is  in  line  with  the  results  at  all  expositions.  At 
Chicago  with  a  net  appropriation  of  $662,000  and  wnth  a  building  and 
furnishings  costing  $277,000,  the  total  amount  realized  from  the  sale 
of  building  and  furnishings  was  $3,926.50.  At  Omaha  and  Buffalo 
the  amounts  realized  were  less  than  $1,000. 


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PRESIDENT    FRANCIS   AND   GROUP   OF   ILLINOISANS.  CHICAGO   DAY 


Report  of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 


Report  of  the  Building  Committee 


By  C.  N.  TRAVOUS,  Chairman. 


The  Building  Committee  held  its  first  meeting  June  24th,  1902, 
followed  by  many  subsequent  ones  before  the  plans  for  building  were 
finally  adopted  in  August,  1903.  At  this  first  meeting  it  was  decided 
to  erect  a  building  costing  $50,000  exclusive  of  decorations,  lighting 
and  furnishings.  Professor  Jas.  M.  White  of  the  University  of  Illi- 
nois, who  designed  the  Illinois  Building  at  the  Pan-/\merican  Exposi- 
tion, was  present  on  invitation  of  the  committee  and  was  employed  to 
draw  up  the  initial  specifications  and  advise  with  the  committee  in  re- 
gard to  the  general  character  of  the  building.  The  committee  is  under 
many  obligations  to  Prof.  White  for  many  practical  suggestions.  At 
this  first  meeting  the  general  plan  of  the  building  was  outlined.  It  was 
further  decided  to  secure  plans  for  the  building  by  a  mixed  competi- 
tion among  Illinois  architects.  The  plans  to  be  submitted  to  the  com- 
mittee at  an  open  meeting  and  in  such  manner  that  the  names  of  the 
architects  competing  should  not  be  known  to  the  members  of  the  com- 
mittee. Five  architects  were  selected  and  paid  $100  each  for  drawing 
plans  for  a  building  and  competition  was  left  open  for  as  many  more  as 
desired  to  enter  the  competition,  the  successful  competitor  to  receive 
the  regular  commission  for  supervising  the  construction  of  the  building. 
Specifications  were  printed  and  furnished  to  all  who  desired  them. 

A  site  was  selected  for  the  building  and  dedicated  Sept.  30th, 
1902,  but  was  afterward  found  to  be  unsuited  to  the  building  and  twice 
changed  until  finally  located  on  the  "Trail"  overlooking  a  considerable 
portion  of  the  Exposition  grounds,  a  site  peculiarly  adapted  to  the  style 
of  architecture  of  the  building. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  committee  held  in  Springfield,  Oct.  loth, 
1902,  twelve  plans  for  the  State  Building  were  submitted  in  competi- 
tion. After  careful  consideration  of  the  plans,  each  of  which  possessed 
features  of  special  merit  the  one  numbered  five  was  selected  as  the  best. 
Number  four  as  the  second  best.  Number  five  was  found  to  be  that  of 
Watson  &  Hazleton  of  Chicago,  and  numl)er  four  that  of  White  & 
Temple,  Champaign.  At  subsequent  meetings  of  the  committee  the 
details  of  the  plans  were  gone  o\'er  with  the  architects  and  some 
changes  made,  and  later  on  advertisements  were  placed  in  leading 
papers  asking  that  bids  be  submitted  for  the  construction  of  the  build- 
ing. At  a  meeting  held  for  the  purpose  of  considering  these  bids  it  was 
found  that  the  building — completecl  as  per  the  bids  submitted  and  other 
items  not  included  in  them,  would  cost  $150,000.     All  bids  were  there- 

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Report  of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

fore  rejected  and  the  architects  directed  to  remove  from  the  plans  the 
"Room  of  State,"  which  was  estimated  to  reduce  the  cost  $17,000,  and 
other  changes  were  made  reducing-  the  amount  about  as  much  more. 
Several  meetings  of  the  committee  were  held  and  finally  on  August 
17th,  1903,  it  was  decided,  with  the  approval  of  the  Commission,  to 
construct  the  building  by  day's  labor  under  the  supervision  of  a  com- 
petent builder,  it  having  been  demonstrated  to  the  committee  that  an 
agreement  or  trust  among  contractors  at  the  Fair  precluded  bids  that 
were  reasonable  and  fair  to  the  State.  James  L.  Brown,  a  practical 
builder,  agreed  to  undertake  the  supervision  of  the  work  of  construc- 
tion and  entered  into  a  satisfactory  bond  with  the  committee,  condi- 
tioned on  the  ultimate  cost  of  building  and  faithful  service,  for  which 
service  he  was  to  receive  10  per  cent,  of  the  cost  of  the  building,  pro- 
vided same  did  not  exceed  the  amount  agreed  upon,  viz :  $50,000,  not 
including  the  staff  and  inside  painting. 

The  building  was  completed  by  Mr.  Brown  within  the  specified 
amount.  The  ornamental  staff,  terraces*,  painting,  inside  decorations, 
landscaping,  electric  lights,  gas,  sculpture  and  other  items  not  in  the 
contract  with  Mr.  Brown,  together  with  his  commission  and  that  of 
the  architects  brought  the  total  cost  of  the  building  to  $88,582.06. 
The  following  is  the  architects  : 

DESCRIPTION   OF   THE   BUILDING 

The  location  of  the  building  remote  from  the  principal  group  of 
State  buildings,  together  with  its  ornate  character  and  size,  gave  it  a 
distinction  enjoyed  by  no  other  State  building. 

The  building  was  one  of  the  largest  erected  by  the  different  com- 
monwealths. Its  extreme  dimensions  were  250x115  feet.  It  is  two 
lofty  stories  in  height  and  of  extremely  ornamental  character,  both  in- 
side and  out,  its  style  being  the  most  florid  of  the  modern  French 
Renaissance  of  the  period  of  Louis  XVI.  Its  location  on  the  side  of  a 
hill  made  it  necessary  to  construct  a  wide  stylobate  or  terrace  extend- 
ing all  around  the  building,  which  immediately  gave  it  a  distinctive 
character  apart  from  all  other  structures  in  its  immediate  vicinity. 

The  central  feature  of  the  building  was  a  large  rotunda  extending 
up  through  the  tw^o  stories  and  surmounted  by  a  lofty  dome.  The  ro- 
tunda was  used  as  a  lounging  room  and  reception  room  on  special  oc- 
casions, and  the  gallery  around  the  second  story  afforded  ample  room 
for  the  large  gatherings  of  people  present  at  such  times.  To  the  right 
and  left  of  the  rotunda  in  the  first  story  were  rest  rooms  for  ladies  and 
gentlemen,  with  offices  for  the  President,  Secretary,  etc.  The  second 
story  was  provided  with  meeting  rooms  for  the  Commission,  Gov- 
ernor's reception  rooms  and  private  rooms  for  the  members  of  the  Com- 
mission. 

The  distinctive  features  of  the  building  were  the  wide  verandas 
and  balconies  which  extended  around  the  four  sides  of  the  building  at 
the  level  of  both  flor^-s,  anrl  in  addition  to  the  wide  terrace  outside  the 

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Report   of  ihe   Illinois   Commission    to   the   Louisiana    Purchase   Exposition 

porches,  provided  ample  resting-  place  for  the  vast  throngs  in  constant 
attendance. 

The  interior  of  the  building  was  handsomely  decorated  in  differ- 
ent colors  appropriate  to  the  style  of  architecture  and  elaborately  fur- 
nished in  keeping. 

A  feature  of  the  building  very  much  admired,  was  the  two  heroic 
statues  flanking  the  principal  entrance  to  the  building.  They  were  of 
Lincoln  and  Douglas,  and  were  executed  by  the  well-known  sculptor, 
Mr.  Charles  J.  Mulligan. 

In  adopting  the  method  of  construction  by  day  labor  in  lieu  of 
submitting  same  to  contract,  your  committee  believe  it  has  saved  to  the 
State  in  cost  of  building  upwards  of  $35,000.  The  method  pursued 
necessitated  much  work  and  anxiety  on  the  part  of  the  building  com- 
mittee, but  the  saving  to  the  State  was  compensation  for  the  effort  and 
for  the  risk  taken. 


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Report  of   the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 


Report  of  the  Committee  on  Grounds,  Exterior 
and  Interior  Decoration,  and  Fur- 
nishing of  Building. 


By  J.  N.  C.  SHUMWAY,  Chairman 


The  style  of  architecture  of  the  Illinois  Building  was  that  of  the 
period  of  Louis  XVI,  which  with  its  exterior  features  of  broad  veran- 
das and  terraces,  and  ornate  stages  or  stories  rising  to  a  lofty  dome, 
demanded  heavy  ornamentation.  On  two  sides  of  the  dome  were 
placed  large  sculpture  groups  symbolical  of  Agriculture  and  Manufac- 
tory, and  heavy  doric  columns  supporting  the  main  entrance  on  the 
East,  which  led  to  a  logia,  thence  through  an  arch  into  the  main  ro- 
tunda, all  having  a  floor  of  Mosaic  marble,  with  a  seal  of  the  State  laid 
in  the  center.  Resting  upon  high  pedestals,  one  on  each  side  of  the 
main  entrance  of  the  building,  were  colossal  statutes  of  Abraham  Lin- 
coln and  Stephen  A.  Douglas  as  they  appeared  during  the  time  of  their 
celebrated  debate  throughout  Illinois  in  1858.  The  interior  decoration 
of  the  building  was  treated  in  the  manner  incident  to  the  time  of  Louis 
XVI,  which  was  of  a  florid  treatment  and  of  imposing  design.  The 
rotunda  was  decorated  with  bronze  and  color  and  opened  to  view  a 
triple  tier  of  balconies  and  a  vaulted  dome  sixty  feet  above  the  floor, 
which  were  decorated  in  similar  color  and  design.  The  walls  were  of 
Pompeian  red,  with  centers  of  pale  green  stucco  cornices,  and  the 
large  engaged  pillars  in  the  walls,  as  also  the  columns  that  supported 
the  balcony,  all  having  cornucopia  corbels  tinted  with  ivory  and  flecked 
with  gold,  and  a  base  thirty-six  inches  high  of  green  marble.  The  rear 
part  of  the  rotunda  was  a  raised  foyer,  furnished  with  heavy  Mission 
furniture  and  a  grand  piano  (loaned  by  the  Cable  Company  of  Chi- 
cago) .  Around  the  walls  were  mahogany  cases  filled  with  manuscript, 
pictures,  and  relics  of  Abraham  Lincoln ;  the  floor  and  steps  leading  to 
it  were  covered  with  red  Wilton  tapestry  and  the  large  cathedral 
stained  glass  windows  were  draped  with  heavy  red  velour  drapery  em- 
broidered in  Louis  XVI  design,  as  were  all  the  windows  in  the  rotunda, 
all  being  hung  on  separate  rods  over  lace  curtains.  In  the  rotunda 
were  six  large  Stickney  Mission  davenports,  each  with  an  extra  thick 
Spanish  leather  cushion  seat  and  three  Spanish  leather  pillows.  To 
the  right  of  the  rotunda,  and  partially  concealed  by  sweeping  velour 
portiers,  was  the  gentlemen's  resting  room  furnished  with  old  Spanish 
I  leather  top  tables,  tabourettes,  desks,  and  chairs  of  Mission  Antwerp 

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Report   of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

oak.  The  walls  were  of  Pompeian  red,  panelled  ceilings,  with  de- 
corative cornices,  and  windows  draped  in  gold  velour  with  l)ands  of 
illuminated  leather  in  shades  of  green  hung  over  fish-net  curtains  on 
separate  rods  to  the  sills.  The  floors  being  covered  by  four  large  rugs, 
and  a  circular  divan  upholstered  with  Spanish  leather  in  the  center  of 
the  room.  From  this  room  access  was  had  to  the  superintendents' 
room  and  the  press  room,  both  furnished  in  golden  oak  furniture  of 
necessary  and  comfortable  patterns,  with  lace  curtains  at  the  window^s. 
To  the  left  of  the  rotunda,  beyond  full  portiers,  through  a  wide  hall, 
was  the  ladies'  sitting  room,  similar  to  the  gentlemen's  room  except 
that  the  color  scheme  was  red  and  pale  green ;  in  the  center  of  the  room 
surrounding  a  large  column  of  imitation  onyx,  was  a  large  easy  divan 
of  Spanish  leather  upholstery,  and  on  the  floor,  placed  in  a  diamond 
form,  were  four  large  olive  green  rugs,  the  window  draperies  were  of 
green  moire  silk  damask,  in  handsome  French  design  wnth  appropriate 
trimmings.  This  room  was  filled  with  various  designs  of  rockers, 
chairs,  desks,  tables,  hassocks,  and  couches  all  of  pale  green  fiber  rush 
construction  in  perfect  harmony  with  the  decorations,  also  a  piano. 
Leading  from  this  room  was  the  ladies"  toilet,  the  high  windows  with 
ruffled  muslin  curtains  and  the  furniture  of  golden  oak,  and  the  lava- 
tory and  closets  of  porcelain  made  the  room  all  that  was  desired.  To 
the  left,  as  you  entered  the  ladies'  sitting  room,  was  the  ladies'  retiring 
room,  provided  with  a  princess  toilet  dresser  and  three  fiber  rush 
couches,  tables  and  chairs,  the  windows  with  pink  moire  silk  damask 
draperies  and  lace  curtains.  This  room  was  constantly  occupied  by 
ladies  who  were  fatigued  or  indisposed.  On  the  north  and  south  sides 
of  the  logia,  and  opening  into  the  rotunda  were  the  secretary's  office 
and  the  hostess'  entertaining  room,  before  the  double  doors  of  each 
hung  rich  portiers,  the  window^s  of  each  room  being  draped  alike  with 
green  crinkled  silk  with  applique  ornaments  of  heraldic  design  on  val- 
ance, and  lace  ciu'tains  on  separate  rods.  The  floors  were  covered  with 
appropriate  rugs  and  the  furniture  was  of  w^eathered  oak,  Mission  style. 
The  verandas  and  broad  terraces  were  surrounded  at  appropriate  inter- 
\als  with  beautiful  shaped  vases  of  stafif  construction  with  galvanized 
iron  linings,  three  feet  in  diameter  and  deep  enough  to  hold  potted 
]jlants  and  flowers  with  which  they  were  filled  and  were  kept  green  and 
1)looming;  this,  tog'ether  wath  the  heavy  banks  of  variegated  verdure 
and  shrubbery  in  the  lawn  surrounding  the  building,  enhanced  the 
beauty  and  enjoyment  of  the  view,  to  the  thousands  of  visitors,  who 
found  comfort  and  rest,  seated  in  the  hundreds  of  garden  chairs  and 
settees  scattered  conveniently  over  the  twenty-eight  thousand  square 
feet  of  veranda  and  terrace  space  around  this  structure.  Two  broad 
sweeping  stairways  with  heavy  landings  both  covered  with  red  Wilton 
tapestry,  one  on  the  south  and  one  on  the  north  ascended  from  the  ro- 
tunda to  the  balcony  with  its  polished  floor  and  Oriental  rugs,  and 
stained  glass  wnndow^s  and  sliding  doors  with  art  lace  curtains ;  on  the 
west  of  which  was  a  large  recess  artistically  decorated  and  amply  fur- 
nished with  fiber  rush  patterns  of  desks,  chairs,  etc.,  in  this  room  were 
held  many  reunions  during  the  Exposition.  At  the  four  corners  of  the 
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Report  of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

balcony  were  large  openings  out  onto  a  broad  gallery  from  which  a 
view  of  the  entire  grounds  could  be  had.  On  the  north  and  south  in 
the  center,  hung  portiers  of  mercerized  armure  with  braid  trimmings 
red  on  the  balcony  side  and  green  on  the  inside;  behind  these  portiers 
were  halls  flanked  on  both  sides  by  rooms  used  for  offices  and  sleep- 
ing rooms  for  the  hostesses,  the  matron,  and  toilet  and  bath  rooms. 
The  one  on  the  north  terminating  in  a  large  room  which  was  furnished 
for  the  use  of  the  Commission  and  on  State  occasions  by  the  Governor 
and  for  small  receptions.  It  was  equipped  with  Mission  furniture  of 
Flemish  oak  including  office  desk  and  leather  divan ;  the  draperies  were 
of  soft  striped  silk  in  color,  draped  inside  of  a  six-inch  panel,  with  nile- 
green  velour.  having  lace  curtains  on  separate  rods  at  windows,  and 
curtains  to  slide  on  rods  at  the  door.  A  large  appropriate  rug  covered 
most  of  the  floor.  Opening  off  of  the  southeast  corner  of  this  room 
were  two  guest  chambers,  these  were  handsomely  furnished  and  fitted, 
one  with  birds'  eye  maple,  princess  dressing  table,  dresser,  chiffonier, 
commode,  rockers  and  chairs,  and  the  other  room  with  the  same  articles 
of  furniture  in  mahogany,  both  chambers  were  supplied  with  brass  bed 
steads  of  new  design  and  other  small  articles  of  appropriate  character, 
including  screens,  hassocks,  waste  baskets,  cuspidors,  chamber  sets, 
etc.  The  windows  were  draped,  one  room  in  cretonne  and  the  other  in 
madras  over  lace.  The  floors  of  these  rooms,  as  were  all  the  floors  of 
the  balcony  chambers,  were  covered  with  Japanese  matting.  The 
other  chambers  and  office  rooms  on  the  balcony  floors  were  furnished 
for  constant  use  w^ith  plain  substantial  enameled  iron  bedsteads,  dress- 
ers, wash  stands,  commodes,  clothes  boxes,  desks  (where  necessary), 
and  such  other  small  appurtenances  that  were  required  to  complete 
their  furnishings.  All  the  windows  being  draped  with  cretonne  or 
madras  hangings  over  muslin  curtains.  The  two  bathrooms  were  sup- 
plied each  with  a  porcelain  tub.  lavatory,  closet  and  waste  sink,  there 
were  supplied  throughout  the  building  ten  of  these  closets,  nine  lava- 
tories, and  one  large  slate  urinal  located  in  the  men's  wash  room  in  the 
basement.  In  the  basement  reached  by  stairway  off  the  northwest  cor- 
ner of  the  rotunda  was  located  the  sleeping  quarters  for  the  employees, 
whose  constant  presence  in  the  building  was  required,  the  rooms  being 
finished  with  plain  neat  furniture.  The  building  was  lighted  by  electric- 
ity, the  Nernst  Lamp  being  used,  suspended  without  electroliers  in  the 
centers  of  the  ornamental  squares  in  the  rotunda  and  adjoining  rooms 
and  in  the  balcony  and  apex  of  the  dome.  These  lamps,  added  to  the 
feature  of  the  decoration,  and  when  lighted  made  the  Illinois  Building 
and  its  verandas  and  terraces  the  most  brilliantly  illuminated  structure 
of  any  among  the  State  or  foreign  group.  Commodious  cedar  bar- 
rels, one  at  the  southwest  and  one  at  the  northwest  corner  just  outside 
of  the  door  of  the  rotunda,  were  connected  with  water  filters  direct  and 
kept  at  all  times  filled  with  cold  pure  water,  a  provision  appreciated  by 
thirstv  thousands. 


53 


HOSTESSES  OF  ILLINOIS  BUILDING 


Report   of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 


Report  of  Hostesses 


By  MRS.  T.  K.  CONDIT,  Secretary 


Xo  home,  no  matter  how  grand  or  how  humble,  is  complete  with- 
out a  hostess  and  so  all  the  State  Buildings  at  the  Louisiana  Purchase 
Exposition,  wliich  were  tlie  homes  for  the  people  of  the  various  States, 
had  their  various  hostesses. 

Most  of  the  Commissions  of  the  various  States  chose  one  person 
to  serve  as  hostess  for  the  entire  period  of  the  Fair  and  paid  that  per- 
son a  suitable  salary.  By  an  action  of  the  Illinois  Commission  this 
order  was  changed  in  Illinois  and  the  wives  or  daughters  of  the  Com- 
missioners were  to  serve  in  turn  as  hostesses  without  salary,  thus  divid- 
ing the  honors  and  privileges. 

According  to  this  ac^  of  the  Commission  the  wives  or  daughters 
of  the  Commissioners  met  in  St.  Louis  at  the  Planters  Hotel  on  April 
29th,  1904,  and  formed  an  organization  known  as  the  "Illinois  Hos- 
tesses of  the  Louisiana  Purchase  Exposition.  The  officers  of  the  or 
ganization  were:  Mrs.  H.  M.  Dunlap.  president;  Mrs.  T.  K.  Condit. 
secretary,  and  Mrs.  Richard  Yates,  hostess  in  chief  on  State  occasions. 

At  the  same  meeting  it  was  decided  that  the  hostesses  were  to 
serve  two  at  a  time,  the  time  to  be  so  divided  that  each  couple  should 
serve  twice  and  each  for  an  equal  period.  We  drew  lots  for  partners 
and  also  for  the  order  of  serving. 

The  names  of  the  hostesses  and  the  order  and  time  of  serving  as 
carried  out  through  the  summer  is  as  follows : 


May  27  to  June  9. 
Aug.  27  to  Sept.  8 . 

June  10  to  June  22, 
Sept.  9  to  Sept.  22 . 

June  23  to  July  5  .  . 
Sept.  23  to  Oct.  6 .  . 

July  6  to  July  18.  . 
bet.  7  to  bet.  20 .  . 

July  19  to  July  31  . 
Oct.  21  to  Nov.  3.  . 


Aug. 


I  to  Aug.  13 


Aug.  14  to  Aug.  26 
Nov.  17  to  Nov.  30 


C.   N.  Travous Edwardsville. 

T.  K.  Condit Beardstdwn. 

H.  M. 

H.  M. 


Dunlap Savov. 

Rollins Bloomineton. 


Walter  Warder Cairo. 

J.   N.  C.   Shumway Taylorville. 

C.  F.  Coleman Vandalia. 


\  Mrs. 
'/  Mrs. 

j  Mrs. 
/  Mrs. 

i  Mrs. 
/  Mrs. 

j  Mrs. 

/  Mrs.  C.  C.  Craig Galesburg-. 

Airs.  J.  H.  Miller McLeansboro. 

J.  J.  Brown Vandalia. 

John  Dadie Chicago. 

C.  N.  Travous Edwardsville. 

.Albert  Campbell Effingham. 

W.  L.  Mounts Carlinville 

55 


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Report  of  the   Illinois  Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

Three  of  our  Commissioners'  wives  were  unable  to  serve.  They 
were:  Mrs.  J.  H.  Farrell  of  Chicago,  Mrs.  John  Pierce  of  Kewanee, 
and  Mrs.  J.  P.  Mahoney  of  Chicago. 

Each  lady  who  served  took  the  duties  upon  herself  at  the  ap- 
pointed time  and  discharged  them  to  the  best  of  her  ability. 

The  duties  of  the  hostesses  were  not  arduous  but  confining,  as 
each  hostess  gave  her  entire  time  to  the  building  and  to  her  duties  dur- 
ing her  time  of  serving. 

Aside  from  being  a  duty,  it  was  a  privilege  to  speak  to  and  try  to 
entertain  any  who  seemed  to  be  alone  and  lonesome  and  to  do  what 
we  could  to  render  aid  to  any  who  were  over-tired  or  sick.  We  con 
stituted  ourselves  a  reception  committee  each  day  to  meet  anyone  who 
cared  to  meet  us  or  inquire  for  friends  and  were  present  at  all  social 
affairs  in  our  own  building,  also  represented  our  own  dear  State  of 
Illinois  at  all  outside  social  functions  to  the  best  of  our  ability. 

During  the  summer  an  organization  of  the  hostesses  of  all  the 
State  Buildings  was  formed  known  as  the  "Hostesses  Association  of 
the  Louisiana  Purchase  Exposition."  The  object  of  this  organization 
was  purely  social.  During  the  summer  and  fall  many  very  pleasant 
meetings  were  held  in  the  various  State  Buildings.  Just  before  the 
close  of  the  Exposition  the  Hostess  Association  gave  a  banquet  in 
honor  of  President  Francis  and  the  Board  of  National  Commissioners. 

On  November  25th,  our  president  called  a  reunion  of  the  Illinois 
hostesses,  and  at  the  same  time  we  entertained  the  Hostess  Association 
of  the  Louisiana  Purchase  Exposition  at  a  reception  given  in  the  Illi- 
nois Building  in  honor  of  Mrs.  Richard  Yates.  For  the  entertainment 
of  our  guests  at  this  reception  "Ceremonial  Tea"  was  served  by  native 
Japanese  maids  as  it  is  served  to  the  nobility  and  wealthy  classes  of 
people  in  Japan. 

We  certainly  enjoyed  our  reunion  but  parted  w'ith  reluctance,  won- 
dering when  we  would  be  together  again,  but  happy  that  we  had  been 
able  to  help  to  make  Illinois  a  success  at  the  World's  Fair  and  that  we 
had  been  able  to  meet  and  know  so  many  people  from  all  over  our 
State. 

LIST  OF   MEETINGS,  CONVENTIONS  AND   RECEPTIONS 

The  meetings  and  entertainments  at  the  Illinois  Buildine  were 
varied.  No  State  in  the  Union,  except  possibly  Missouri,  was  repre- 
sented in  such  large  numbers  at  the  Fair.  Our  handsome  spacious 
building  and  the  hospitality  of  our  hostesses  made  all  entertainments 
popular,  therefore  at  all  social  affairs  given  in  the  building,  Illinois  was 
honored  with  representatives  from  many  States  and  foreign  buildings 
as  well  as  vast  numbers  from  our  own  State. 

Not  all  of  the  entertainments  were  given  by  the  Commission.  Fre- 
quently the  building  was  tendered  to  different  organizations  in  the 
State  and  arrangements  made  entirely  by  them.  There  were  numerous 
reunions,  conventions,  and  association  meetings.  The  following  is  a 
list  of  the  entertainments,  special  days,  etc.,  which  is  as  complete  as  it  is 
possible  to  compile  at  the  close  of  the  Fair: 

37 


Report  of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

May  27. — Dedication  of  Tllinois  Building-. 

June  10. — Western  Reserve  [Military  Academy,  Upper  Alton.  111. 

June  16. — Illinois  Graduates  of  Oxford  University. 

June  24. — Decatur  Cadets  informal  reception. 

June  28  to  July  i. — Headquarters  for  Illinois  teachers  to  the  Na- 
tional Educational  Association. 

June  29. — Reception  to  Illinois  teachers  and  friends  with  pro- 
gram of  speeches  by  leading  educators  of  the  State. 

Julv  I. — Chicago  Oral  Teachers  Club  reception.  Addresses  by 
educators  from  Sta^^e  Institutions  for  Blind  and  Deaf,  music  by  blind 
pupils  and  a  drama  in  one  act  by  deaf  children. 

Julv  4. — California  and  Illinois  united  to  celebrate  with  speeches 
by  men  from  both  States.  Gov.  Pardee  of  California,  gave  principal 
address. 

July  12. — Reception  Second  Infantry  Illinois  National  Guards. 
Col.  Stewart. 

July  14. — The  acting  hostesses  entertain  the  Hostess  Association 
of  the  Louisiana  Purchase  Exposition,  it  being  a  regular  business  meet- 
ing followed  by  social  hour. 

July  15. — Reception  by  Commission  to  all  Illinois  people  visiting 
the  Fair. 

July  19. — Reception  First  Infantry  Illinois  National  Guards,  Col. 
Sanborn. 

July  25. — Informal  reception  to  a  body  of  L'ni\ersity  of  Illinois 
boys  who  w'ere  camping  on  the  Fair  grounds. 

July  26. — Reception  Seventh  Infantry  Illinois  National  (niards. 
Col.  Moriarty. 

August  9. — Reception  Third  Infantry  Illinois  National  Guards. 
Col.  Fisher. 

August  i^). — Reception  to  Governor  and  ]^Irs.  Yates. 

August  23. — Reception  Fourth  Infantry  Illinois  National  Guards, 
Col.  Tanner. 

August  24. — Bunker  Hill  Day. 

Augiist  25. — Eightieth  Illinois  N^oluntcers,  reunion. 

August  30. — State  Press  Association,  entertained  with  ladies  to 
dinner  at  East  Pavilion  by  Commission. 

August  31. — Reception  to  Illinois  Society  of  St.  Louis  by  Com- 
mission. 

59 


Report  of  the   Illinois  Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase  Exposition 

Sept.  I,  2,  3. — Meeting  of  the  Chambers,  Bowlus,  Remsburg  and 
Shawl  Reunion  Association. 

Sept.  6. — Musical  by  Herman  Lehann.  noted  boy  pianist. 

Sept.  14. — Thirty-third  Illinois  Infantry  Veteran  Association,  re 
union. 

Sept.  15. — Cesna  family  reunion. 

Sept.  16. — Belleville  Day. 

Sept.  19. — Thirty-ninth  Annual  Reunion  of  Eighth  Illinois  Cav- 
alry Association. 

Sept.  20. — Eighty-eighth  Regiment  Illinois  Volunteer  Infantry 
Association. 

Sept.  21,  22. — Illinois  Days. 

Sept.  22. — Columbia  Day. 

Sept.  22. — Illinois  Naval  Reserve,  Capt.  Darby. 

Oct.  I. — Recital  by  Madam  Anna  Weiss,  pianist,  and  Wm.  A. 
Willett,  baritone,  both  of  Chicago. 

Oct.  6,  7. — One  hundred  orphans  from  Lincoln  Masonic  Home 
make  building  their  headquarters. 

Oct.  8. — Chicago  Day. 

Oct.  8. — Recital  by  same  talent  as  October  i. 

Oct.  9. — Sacred  concert,  3  p.  m.  for  Chicago  visitors. 

Oct.  II. — Reception  from  4  to  6  p.  m.  Illinois  Chapters  of  the 
Daughters  of  the  American  Revolution  receive  the  National  officers 
and  visitors.     The  Marquise  de  Souza,  court  singer  to  Portugal,  sang. 

Oct.  13. — Illinois  Central  passenger  agents  meeting. 

Oct.  13. — Illinois  Central  Land  Agents  Association. 

Oct.  14. — Piano  recital  by  Verner  Henchie  of  Springfield,  assisted 
by  Milton  Lutz,  violin,  of  Decatur. 

Oct.  14,  15. — Tenth  Missouri  Infantry  reunion. 

Oct.  18,  19. — Annual  convention  of  Bankers  Association  of  Illi- 
nois. 

Oct.  18. — Reception  to  Bankers  Association  of  Illinois. 

Oct.  19. — American  Association  of  Farmers  Institute  Workers 
convention. 

Oct.  19. — Reception  to  American  Association  of  Farmers  Insti- 
tute Workers. 

Oct.  20. — Missionary  convention  of  Christian  Church. 

60 


Report  of  the   Illinois  Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

Oct.  21. — Reception  by  St.  Louis  Live  Stock  Exchange  to  Na- 
tional Live  Stock  Exchange. 

Oct.  24  to  28. — National  Creamery  Butter  Makers  Association. 

Oct.  28. — Musical  by  Garnett  Hedge,  baritone,  of  Chicago ;  Mrs 
Claude  Wyant,  reader,  of  Toledo. 

Oct.  31. — Waterloo  Day. 

Nov.  25. — Reunion  of  Illinois  Hostesses  and  reception  by  them  to 
Hostess  Association  of  the  Louisiana  Purchase  Exposition,  in  honor 
of  Mrs.  Richard  Yates,  from  2  to  5  p.  m. 

Nov.  25. — Dinner  for  Commission  and  guests  at  West  Pavilion  at 
6  p.  M. 


61 


Report   of   the    Illinois   Commission   to    the   Louisiana    Purchase   Exposition 


The  Lincoln  Memorial  Exhibit 

Committee-J.  H.  MILLER,   Chairman.  J.  N.  C.  SHUMWAY.  H.  M.  DUNLAP 


MADE    UNDER    DIRECTION  OF  THE    ILLINOIS  STATE   HISTORICAL  SOCIETY 

Reported  by  MRS.  JESSIE  PALMER  WEBER,  Secretary 


As  soon  as  the  Illinois  Commission  to  the  Louisiana  Purchase  Ex- 
position had  been  appointed,  the  members  of  the  Illinois  State  Histori- 
cal Society  felt  that  it  woidd  be  fitting  that  the  Society  should  make  an 
exhibit  and  show  to  the  people  of  Illinois  and  of  other  States  and  coun- 
tries the  kind  of  work  which  the  Society  is  doing  and  planning  to  do. 
A  committee  was  appointed  from  the  Society  to  confer  with  ^he  Com- 
mission and  ask  that  some  portion  of  the  State's  appropriation  for  the 
Exposition  be  allotted  to  the  Historical  Society  for  the  purj^ose  of  mak- 
ing an  historical  exhibit.  The  most  active  members  of  this  Committee 
were :  Capt.  J.  H.  Burnham,  Dr.  Edmund  J.  James  and  Prof.  Edwin 
Earle  Sparks.  It  was.  in  a  large  measure,  due  to  the  untiring  efforts 
of  Capt.  J.  H.  Burnham  that  the  Commission. 'with  the  multiplicity  of 
demands  upon  it.  made  an  appropriation  to  the  Society  of  two  thousand 
dollars  ($2,000).  The  Commission  having  made  the  appropriation — 
the  matter  of  using  it  came  before  the  annual  meeting  of  the  Historical 
Society  in  January.  1904.  At  that  meeting  it  was  voted  that  the  mat- 
ter of  the  exhibit  with  full  power  to  act  be  referred  to  the  Board  of 
Trustees  of  the  Illinois  State  Historical  Library.  This  Board,  consist- 
ing of  Dr.  E.  J.  James  and  Mr.  George  N.  Black,  accepted  the  trust 
and  it  was  under  the  direct  su]:)er\'ision  and  direction  of  ]\Ir.  Geo.  N. 
Black  that  the  exhibit  was  planned,  collected  and  placed  in  the  Illinois 
Building.  As  the  fund  was  small  and  the  time  brief  for  the  prepara- 
tion of  the  exhibit,  the  Trustees  of  the  Library  decided  that  no  better 
and  more  appropriate  exhibit  could  be  made  than  a  manuscript  and 
pictorial  life  of  Abraham  Lincoln. — these  manuscripts  and  pictures  to 
be  arranged  so  plainly  that  they  coidd  be  imders^ood  and  ajjpreciated  by 
all.  Illinois  has  a  glorious  history  and  among  her  sons  and  daughters 
are  many  heroes,  but  the  brightest  ]iage  of  her  history  and  one  of  her 
titles  to  world-wide  fame  is  that  Al)raham  Lincoln  was  one  of  her  citi- 
zens. 

The  ])lan  of  the  exhibit  was  to  utilize  all  tlie  possible  space  and  as 
this  was  the  only  exhibit  in  the  Illinois  Building,  it  was  made  as  hand- 
some in  appearance  as  possible. 

63 


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Report   of  the   Illinois  Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

Mrs.  Jessie  Palmer  Weber,  the  Secretary  of  the  Historical  Society 
made  trips  to  Washington,  D.  C.  Louisville,  Ky.,  Chicago,  and  other 
cities  visiting-  the  leading  Lincoln  collections  in  the  United  States  and 
the  official  records  in  Washington,  obtaining  as  much  original  matter 
as  possible  and  fac-similie  photographs  of  papers  where  the  original 
could  not  l)e  obtained,  and  the  photographs  of  persons  and  places  con- 
nected with  the  life  of  Abraham  Lincoln.  Mr.  Charles  F.  Gunther, 
of  Chicago,  loaned  much  valuable  matter  from  his  splendid  collection, 
as  did  Mr.  Jesse  W.  Weik  of  Greencastle,  Indiana,  and  Mr.  H.  E. 
Barker  of  Springfield.  The  plan  of  the  exhibit  was  to  have  a  com- 
plete manuscript  and  pictorial  life  of  Lincoln.  Accordingly,  sixteen 
large  wall  frames  handsomely  labeled  in  gold  letters  were  prepared. 
The  labels  read  as  follows  : 


I 

2 

3 
4 

5 

6. 


8. 


Ancestry  of  Lincoln. 
Youth  of  Lincoln. 
Lincoln  at   New   Salem. 
Lincoln  as  a  Surveyor. 
Lincoln    in    the    Black 
Haw^k  War. 

Lincoln     as     a     Lawyet^ 
(tw^o  cases). 

Lincoln  in  Congress. 

Domestic    Life    of    Lin- 
coln. 


9- 

lO. 

1 1. 

12. 

13- 

14. 

15- 


Lincoln  and  Douglas. 

Lincoln  and  Douglas  De- 
bates. 

Lincoln  and  the  Founda- 
tion OF  THE  Republican 
Party. 

The  Campaign  of  i860. 

Lincoln  in  Washington, 
The  Cabinet. 

The  War  of  Rebellion. 

Assassination  and  Death. 


The  titles  indicate  the  character  of  the  contents. 

In  the  first  of  these  cases  "The  Ancestry  of  Lincoln,"  is  a  photo- 
graph, an  exact  reproduction  of  the  letters,  patent  and  field  notes  of 
survey  of  four  hundred  (400)  acres  of  land  from  the  State  of  Vir- 
ginia, to  Abraham  Lincoln  (the  name  is  spelled  "Linkhorn"),  grand- 
father of  the  President  Abraham  Lincoln.  Then  the  plan  of  fortifica- 
tion of  block  house  at  Hughes'  Station  Kentucky,  where  the  first  Ab- 
raham Lincoln  lived.  It  w^as  just  outside  of  this  block  house  station 
that  this  Abraham  Lincoln  was  killed  by  the  Indians.  Thomas  Lin- 
coln, his  son  (father  of  the  late  Abraham  Lincoln),  was,  after  this 
cruel  murder  of  his  father,  a  noted  Indian  hater  and  Indian  fighter. 
This  case  contains  a  copy  of  the  records  of  the  County  Clerk  of  Wash- 
ington County,  Ky.,  containing  an  exact  photograph  of  the  record  of 
the  marriage  of  Thomas  Lincoln  and  Nancy  Hanks,  the  parents  of 
Mr.  Lincoln.  This  entry  is  in  the  form  of  a  record  or  return  to  the 
County  Clerk  of  the  marriages  performed  by  the  Rev.  Jesse  Head,  a 
pioneer  Methodist  preacher,  who  performed  the  marriage  ceremony, 
uniting  the  man  and  woman  wdio  were  destined  to  be  the  parents  of  one 
of  the  world's  greatest  heroes.  A  picture  of  the  old  preacher  accom- 
panies this  paper  and  there  are  other  papers  which  are  intended  to  set 
at  rest  the  great  calumny  wdiich  is  even  now  whis])ered  against  the  fair 
name   of   the  mother   of   Abraham   Lincoln.     The   next   case — "The 


65 


Report  of  the   Illinois  Commission   to   the  Louisiana   Purchase  Exposition 

Youth  of  Lincoln,"  contains  a  picture  of  his  stepmother,  Mrs.  Sallie 
Bush  Lincoln,  and  of  the  license  which  was  issued  for  the  marriage  of 
Thomas  Lincoln  and  this,  his  second  wife,  pictures  of  his  Indiana 
friends,  his  mother's  tomb  and  a  fac-simile  of  Lincoln's  famous  youth- 
ful doggerel  written  on  the  leaf  of  his  old  grammar,  the  title  page  of 
which  is  exactly  reproduced.     The  poem  (  ?)  reads: 

"  Abraham  Lincoln,  his  hand  and  pen. 
He  will  be  good,  but  God  knows  when." 

This  youthful  writing  shows  something  of  the  characteristic  hand- 
writing which  became  so  famous  in  later  days. 

"  Lincoln  at  New  Salem,"  treats  of  the  days  of  wrestling  matches, 
store  keeping  and  Ann  Rutledge.  Pictures  of  his  political  life  are  here 
reproduced.  A  fac-simile  of  a  letter  written  by  Mr.  Lincoln,  as  post- 
master of  New  Salem,  the  original  tally  sheet  of  an  election  in  "Clary's 
Grove  Precinct,"  Aug"ust  i,  1831,  containing  the  actual  record  of  Mr. 
Lincoln's  first  vote,  is  one  of  the  many  interestingpapersrelatingtothis 
period  of  his  life,  as  well  as  the  copy  of  a  "Bond  Berry  and  Lincoln  to 
keep  a  tavern."  These  are  actual  parts  of  the  records  of  Sangamon 
County. 

In  "Lincoln  as  a  Surveyor"  are  many  original  papers,  petitions 
for  the  opening  of  roads  and  the  reports  of  surveys,  original  maps  (Mr. 
Lincoln's  own  work)  neat,  clear  and  well-preserved  after  the  lapse  of 
nearly  three-quarters  of  a  century. 

"Lincoln  in  the  Black  Hawk  War"  is  characteristic  of  the  episode 
in  Mr.  Lincoln's  life,  of  which  he,  himself,  said  that  "it  was  the  proud- 
est moment  of  his  life  when  he  was  elected  captain  of  his  company." 
A  fine  picture  of  Black  Hawk  from  McKenney's  gallery  and  the  orig- 
inal muster  rolls  of  the  Illinois  troops  in  the  Black  Hawk  War.  There 
are  also  pictures  of  Col.  Robt.  Anderson,  who  was  the  officer  that  mus- 
tered Mr.  Lincoln  into  the  service  of  the  United  States  during  the 
Black  Hawk  War  and  was  later  the  hero  of  Ft.  Sumter;  of  Jefferson 
Davis  as  he  appeared  at  that  period,  as  a  young  lieutenant,  and  of  Capt. 
Elijah  lies,  who  was  at  one  time  captain  of  the  Company  in  which  Mr. 
Lincoln  served  and  in  after  years  an  influential  citizen  of  Springfield 
and  a  friend  of  Mr.  Lincoln. 

"Lincoln  as  a  Lawyer"  has  much  rare  original  matter,  letters 
and  papers.  Legal  papers  of  the  firm  of  Stuart  &  Lincoln — of  the 
firm  of  Lincoln  &  Herndon,  and  many  characteristic  letters  showing 
the  trend  of  Mr.  Lincoln's  mind.  A  rare  original  one  is  that  in  which 
he  advises  his  client  to  settle  the  matter  with  his  adversary  out  of  court 
and  promising  not  to  charge  him  a  fee  if  he  does  so.  An  amusing 
item  is  a  card  issued  during  the  campaign  of  1864  (of  course,  not  by 
Mr.  Lincoln),  which  reads  as  follows: 


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Report  of  the   Illinois  Commission   to   the  Louisiana   Purchase  Exposition 

"To  whoiii  It  May  Concern: 

A.  Lincoln, 

Attorney  and  Counsellor  at  Law. 

Springfield,  Illinois. 

"My  old  customers  and  others,  no  doubt,  know  of  the  terrible 
time  I  have  had  in  crossing  the  stream  and  will  be  glad  to  know  that 
I  will  be  back  on  the  other  side,  from  which  I  started,  on  or  before  the 
Fourth  of  March  next,  when  I  will  be  ready  to  swap  horses,  dispense 
law,  make  jokes,  split  rails,  and  perform  other  matters  in  a  small 
way." 

In  the  collection  "Lincoln  as  a  Lawyer"  are  fac-simile  photo- 
graphs of  the  papers  in  the  famous  case  of  Mr.  Lincoln  as  attorney  for 
the  Illinois  Central  Railroad  and  in  this  case  Mr.  Lincoln  was  obliged 
to  bring  suit  for  his  fee.  Accompanying  these  papers  is  an  affidavit 
from  prominent  members  of  the  Central  Illinois  bar  certifying  that  the 
fee  charged  was  not  excessive.  Mr.  Lincoln  won  his  suit  with  costs. 
This  fee,  $5,000.00,  was  the  largest  fee  he  ever  received.  The  Illinois 
Central  road  has  issued  a  most  beautiful  book  containing  photographs 
of  these  papers,  and  a  copy  of  the  pass  used  by  Mr.  Lincoln  as  an  at- 
torney for  the  railroad.  This  book  is  also  a  part  of  the  exhibit.  This 
case  contains  letters  on  legal  matters  from  O.  H.  Browning,  Leonard 
Swett  and  other  friends,  and  rare  and  curious  legal  papers. 

"Lincoln  in  Congress"  was  most  noted  for  the  fact  that  he  did  not 
heartily  favor  the  war  with  Mexico.  Some  of  our  Illinoisans  bore 
prominent  part  in  that  struggle  and  the  gallant  John  J.  Hardin  lost 
his  life  in  it.  Pictures  of  Mr.  Lincoln's  Illinois  colleagues  in  the 
House  of  Representatives  of  the  United  States  appear  and  fac-similes 
of  papers  bearing  upon  their  course  in  Congress.  Wm.  H.  Bissell 
gained  great  distinction  in  the  Mexican  War  but  he  figures  most  in 
the  exhibit,  which  is  marked  "Lincoln  and  the  foundation  of  the  Re- 
publican Party." 

"The  domestic  life  of  Lincoln"  is  one  of  the  most  interesting  of 
the  exhibits.  There  is  a  beautiful  picture  of  Mrs.  Lincoln  and  of  the 
house  in  which  they  were  married  and  various  pictures  of  the  "home" 
now  a  shrine  for  Americans  and  which  is  the  property  of  the  State  of 
Illinois.  The  actual  marriage  license  and  clergyman's  return,  pictures 
of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Ninian  W.  Edwards,  the  sister  and  brother-in-law  of 
Mrs.  Lincoln  and  in  whose  hospitable  home  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Lincoln 
were  married.  Intimate  friends  are  pictured,  too,  and  letters  which 
relate  to  personal  and  domestic  matters. 

The  exhibit  contains  a  priceless  treasure  in  having  the  skirt  of  the 
gown  in  which  Mrs.  Lincoln  was  married.  It  is  a  very  pretty  white 
brocaded  satin,  made  much  as  skirts  are  now  made,  and,  of  course, 
made  entirely  by  hand.  It  was  owned  by  Mrs.  Wallace,  the  sister  of 
Mrs.  Lincoln.  She  had  worn  it  at  her  own  wedding  a  few  years  be- 
fore and  as  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Lincoln  decided  rather  hastily  to  be  married 

67 


Report  of  the   Illinois  Commission   to   the  Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

at  once,  the  bride  having  no  appropriate  gown  borrowed  her  sisters' 
dress.  At  the  wedding  some  coffee  was  spilled  on  the  skirt  and  so 
the  dress  was  never  worn  again.  This  dress,  more  than  sixty  years 
old,  is  still  in  the  family  of  Mrs.  Walter  L.  Patterson,  a  granddaugh- 
ter of  Mrs.  Wallace.  Mrs.  Patterson  very  kindly  loaned  this  to  the 
exhi])it.  In  this  exhibit  are  fac-simile  copies  of  Mr.  Lincoln's  letters 
to  Mary  Owen,  an  early  sweetheart.  The  photographs  are  so  exact 
that  one  must  be  told  that  they  are  copies  or  it  would  be  thought  they 
were  originals.  These  are  surely  the  cjueerest  love-letters  and  pro- 
posal of  marriage  that  any  woman  ever  received.  It  has  been  said 
that  Mr.  Lincoln  never  recovered  from  the  death  of  Ann  Rutledge,  his 
boyhood  sweetheart,  and  that  may  have  been  why  these  letters  are  so 
free  from  sentiment ;  at  any  rate,  ]\Iary  Owen  found  another  lover  and 
the  originals  of  these  letters  are  owned  by  her  son. 

Other  friends  are  pictured  there  and  papers  and  letters  relating  to 
the  children  and  friends  of  Mr.  Lincoln  appear.  In  this  exhibit  is  a 
fine  photograph  of  Mr.  Robt.  T.  Lincoln,  the  only  surviving'  child  of 
Mr.  Lincoln,  and  which  was  the  gift  to  the  collection  of  Mr.  Robt.  T. 
Lincoln. 

The  "Lincoln  and  Douglas"  cases  contain  rare  pictures  of  Stephen 
A.  Douglas  and  of  his  family  and  friends,  as  well  as  original  letters  of 
Mr.  Douglas.  Much  of  the  Douglas  matter  is  the  property  of  Mr.  J. 
McCan  Davis  of  Springfield,  who  loaned  it  for  the  exhibit.  Accom- 
panying these  is  an  original  copy  of  the  Lincoln  and  Douglas  debates 
and  the  pictures  of  places  and  people  prominent  at  that  time  and  con- 
nected with  Mr.  Lincoln. 

"Lincoln  and  the  foundation  of  the  Republican  Party"  is  mainly 
devoted  to  the  Bloomington  Convention  of  1856,  and  to  Mr.  Lincoln's 
letters  to  friends  on  the  subject  of  the  Anti-Nebraska"  agitation,  which 
stirred  men's  souls  at  that  time.  There  is  a  picture  of  Gen.  John  M. 
Palmer,  who  was  chairman  of  the  Boomington  convention  and  a  pict- 
ure of  the  survivors  of  the  same  convention.  This  last  was  taken  in 
May,  1900,  when  the  McLean  Historical  Society  entertained  the  few 
who  remained  of  that  historic  band.  Pictures  and  letters  of  Lyman 
Trumbull  and  O.  H.  Browning  also  are  a  part  of  this  exhibit  and  there 
is  a  picture  of  Wm.  H.  Bissell  nominee  of  the  convention  for  Gover- 
nor, a  picture  of  the  elder  Richard  Yates  and  an  original  report  of  the 
Springfield  Republican  Convention  of  1858,  in  which  Mr.  Lincoln 
made  his  famous  "House  divided  against  itself"  speech.  The  cam- 
paign of  i860  is  a  most  interesting  part  of  the  exhibit. 

The  picture  of  "\\'igwam"  at  Chicago,  where  Mr.  Lincoln  was 
nominated  for  the  presidency,  of  William  Seward,  his  principal  op- 
ponent before  the  convention  for  high  honors  of  the  nomination,  the 
most  prominent  men  who  took  part  in  its  deliberations,  Horace  Gree- 
ley, Carl  Schurz,  and  George  Ashman,  of  Mass.,  chairman  of  the  con- 
vention, Mr.  Lincoln's  letter  of  acceptance  and  much  more  of  deepest 
interest  which  must  be  omitted  for  want  of  space,  but  some  speeches  of 
Mr.  Lincoln's  in  fac-simile  must  not  be  omitted  for  they  are  character - 

68 


Report  of   the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

istic  of  him  in  writing  and  in  phraseology:  The  "Lincoln  in  Wash- 
ington" and  "The  War  of  Rebellion,"  contain  the  farewell  address  to 
his  neighbors  and  friends,  pictures  of  his  friends  who  accompanied 
him,  including  an  early  one  of  John  Hay,  who  left  Springfield  as  the 
Secretary  of  Mv.  Lincoln,  and  who-,  under  the  tutelage  of  Mr.  Lincoln 
and  from  the  deep  study  of  his  life  and  its  message  to  humanity,  has 
developed  along  grand  lines  and  is  toda}^  one  of  the  foremost  statesman 
of  the  world.  This  is  a  picture  of  Mr.  Lincoln  taken  with  the  two 
young  men,  his  secretaries  and  afterwards  his  biographers,  John  Hay 
and  John  G.  Nicolay.  Pictures  and  letters  illustrating  this  period  of 
Mr.  Lincoln's  life  make  up  this  exhibit.  A  picture  of  Hannibal  Ham- 
lin, vice-president  at  his  first  election,  and  of  Andrew  Johnson,  vice- 
president  at  Mr.  Lincoln's  second  election,  and  who  succeeded  him 
after  the  assassination,  the  members  of  his  cabinet.  These  contain 
exact  photographic  copies  of  his  inaugural  messages,  the  emancipation 
proclamation,  his  last  Thanksgiving  proclamation,  military  passes  and 
other  papers  obtained  from  the  records  of  the  State  Department  at 
\\'ashington ;  letters  on  political  and  military  matters,  his  notable  tele- 
gram to  Gen.  Grant  before  the  fall  of  Richmond  and  much  beside,  that 
is  of  priceless  historic  value  and  interest,  pictures  are  given  of  the 
Major-General,  whom  Illinois  gave  to  the  nation  and  of  the  great 
"War  Governor"  who  worked  so  effectively  for  the  safety  of  the 
country. 

Last  comes  "The  Assassination  and  Death,"  this  last  part,  this 
sad  ending  to  this  glorious  panorama  is  also  comple'^e  in  detail. 

The  program  of  the  "Our  American  Cousin,"  with  ^Miss  Laura 
Keene  in  the  leading  part,  appears,  pictures  of  Miss  Harris  and 
Major  Rathbone.  who  accompanied  President  and  Mrs.  Lincoln  to 
the  play,  are  given,  pictures  of  the  party  and  of  all  the  shameful  con- 
spirators, the  house  to  which  he  was  carried  and  many  papers  and  pro- 
clamations relating  to  the  crime,  which  shocked  Christendom,  are  giv- 
en; original  newspapers  are  exhibited  from  New  York,  Philadelphia, 
and  other  cities,  giving  accounts  of  the  crime  in  detail,  the  arrival  at 
Springfield  of  the  remains  of  the  martyred  chief,  who  had  not  visited 
his  home  since  he  had  left  it  uttering  the  tender  words  of  farewell  to 
his  neighbors  and  friends.  The  official  programs  of  the  funeral  pro- 
cession with  the  lines  of  march  and  the  names  of  officials;  then,  of  the 
tomb  as  it  first  appeared,  and  as  it  has  been  reconstructed. 

There  are  many  pictures  of  l\Ir.  Lincoln  in  these  different  cases, 
as  nearly  as  possible  as  he  appeared  at  the  age  at  which  the  events  de- 
picted occurred — many  of  them  being  rare  and  valuable.  There  are 
more  than  thirty  framed  pictures  of  ]\Ir.  Lincoln  beside  the  smaller 
photographs  and  other  pictures,  which  appear  in  the  cases  and  show 
cases.  Lender  the  wall  cases  were  arranged  four  large  show  cases,  con- 
taining articles  which  were  too  large  for  the  wall  cases  or  which  were 
left  out  for  want  of  space ;  among  these  is  a  plaster  bust  or  statuette  of 
Mr.  Lincoln  made  by  Leonard  Volk  when  he  was  in  Springfield  en- 
gaged on  his  noted  statue  of  Lincoln.  Mr.  Volk  made  two  of  these — 
one  of  which  he  kept  for  liis  own  collection,  the  other,  which  is  the  one 

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Report  of  the   Illinois  Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase  Exposition 

exhibited  in  this  collection,  he  took,  personally,  to  the  office  of  the  Illi- 
nois State  Journal  in  Springfield  and  presented  it  to  Mr.  E.  L.  Baker, 
then  one  of  the  proprietors  of  the  Journal.  Mr.  Baker  was  afterwards 
appointed  a  United  State  Consul  in  South  America  and  he  left  the  bust 
in  the  office.  When  the  Journal  Company  was  dissolved,  this  bust 
fell  to  the  share  of  Mr.  J.  D.  Roper  and  it  is  now  his  property. 

There  have  been  hundreds  of  books  written  about  Mr.  Lincoln  but 
the  Historical  Society  had  only  space  to  exhibit  some  of  the  most  rare ; 
among  them  the  first  published  life  of  Lincoln.  This  was  published 
simultaneously  by  the  New  York  Tribune  and  the  Chicago  Tribune, 
i860.  It  was  written  by  one  of  the  editors  of  the  Chlicago  Tribune, 
Mr.  John  Locke  Scripps.  It  is  only  a  little  pamphlet  and  is  called 
"Tribune  Tracts  No.  6.  It  is  so  very  scarce  that  when  Mrs.  F.  B. 
Dyche,  the  daughter  of  Mr.  Scripps,  wished  to  reprint  it  as  a  memorial 
to  her  father,  she  had  the  greatest  difficulty  in  finding  a  copy.  She 
succeeded,  however,  and  the  Cranbrook  Press  of  Detroit  brought  out, 
in  1900,  a  beautiful  illuminated  reprint,  in  gorgeous  dress  and  size,  of 
the  modest  little  pamphlet,  which  at  the  time  of  its  publication  sold  at 
the  rate  of  twenty  dollars  ($20)  a  thousand  copies — now,  a  single  copy 
of  it  brings  as  many  dollars. 

The  various  campaign  lives  are  in  the  collections — "The  Life  of 
Lincoln,"  by  Ward  H.  Lamon;  "Herndon's  Life  of  Lincoln;"  Isaac 
N.  Arnold's  Biographies ;  Lives  of  Lincoln  in  the  French  and  German 
Languages ;  Miss  Tarbell's  sumptuous  volumes  and  others  equally  rare 
and  interesting. 

A  copy  of  Blackstone  from  the  law  office  of  Lincoln  &  Herndon, 
with  the  name  of  the  firm  on  the  fly  leaf,  is  one  of  the  most  interesting 
books  of  the  collection.  A  frame  contains  the  Lincoln  coat  of  arms 
and  another  contains  the  postage  stamps  of  various  denominations 
which  have  been  issued  by  the  United  States  Government  on  which  the 
features  of  Mr.  Lincoln  appear.  These  are  but  a  few  of  the  many  ob- 
jects of  interest  which  the  Illinois  State  Historical  Society  has  collected 
for  this  exhibit.  An  attempt  only  has  been  made  to  show  that  the 
object  of  the  collection  has  been  to  prepare  and  place  upon  the  walls  of 
the  Illinois  Building  at  the  Louisiana  Purchase  Exposition,  a  plain 
and  simple  life  of  Abraham  Lincoln,  the  greatest  citizen  of  the  State 
of  Illinois,  and  the  greatest  American  of  his  generation,  and  to  arrange 
it  so  plainly  that  the  plainest  citizen  or  the  smallest  child,  who  can 
read,  may  read  the  story  of  his  life  and  appreciate  Abraham  Lincoln, 
the  plain  man  of  the  people,  the  citizen  of  Illinois. 


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Report  of  the   Illinois  Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 


The  Agricultural  Exhibit 

Committee— C.  C.  CRAIG,  Chairman,  C.  N.  TRAVOUS,  H.   M.  DUNLAP 


Reported   by    C.    C.   CRAIG,  Chairman 


The  Committee  on  Agriculture  of  the  Illinois  Commission  through 
its  chairman,  begs  leave  to  submit  the  following  report  of  its  work  in 
connection  with  the  Louisiana  Purchase  Exposition  of  1904, 

Soon  after  the  organization  of  the  Commission,  the  different 
members  were  assigned  to  various  committees.  The  Agricultural 
Committee  was  organized  and  the  scope  and  character  of  the  exhibit 
to  be  made  by  Illinois  was  carefully  considered. 

Other  States  and  countries  might  be  satisfied  with  showing  their 
products  for  the  purpose  of  attracting  immigration  and  selling  or 
settling  the  land  within  their  borders,  but  it  was  felt  that  Illinois  should 
in  addition  to  setting  forth  its  advantages  in  this  respect,  show  some 
of  the  things  that  farmers  of  the  present  day  are  interested  in  knowing. 
So  it  was  early  planned  to  make  this  exhibit  as  instructive  as  possible 
and  to  illustrate  recent  researches  and  discoveries  and  experiments  in 
practical  farming  as  well  as  to  make  a  comprehensive  exhibit  of  the 
agricultural  products  of  Illinois. 

It  would  have  been  a  comparatively  easy  matter  to  have  arranged 
with  professional  exhibitors  and  growers  of  agricultural  products  to 
furnish  unlimited  quantities  of  the  corn,  cereals,  grasses  and  other 
products  of  the  State  for  exhibition  and  arrange  same  in  an  attractive 
manner.  This,  however,  had  been  done  in  almost  every  previous  agri- 
cultural exhibit  made  by  the  State  and  had  we  stopped  at  this,  there 
would  have  been  nothing  to  show  the  progress  made  in  scientific  farm- 
ing and  research  for  the  past  eleven  years,  since  the  great  Columbia 
Exposition  at  Chicago,  and  in  fact,  nothing  new  or  particularly  useful 
other  than  wdiat  the  world  has  become  familiar  with  in  past  exposi- 
tions. 

A  great  many  things  have  been  discovered  within  the  last  few 
years,  and  facts  of  inestimable  value  to  the  farmers  of  this  and  other 
States,  by  the  work  of  the  Agricultural  Department  of  the  State  Uni- 
versity, and  through  the  Farmer's  Institutes  and  various  agricultural 
societies  and  private  individuals,  who  have  devoted  their  time  to 
thoughtful,  progressive,  and  successful  agricultural  experiments. 

It  was  also  deemed  best  to  keep  the  exhibit  along  these  lines  with- 
in practical  bounds  to  show  what  would  be  to  the  benefit  of  every 

71 


^^^RBi^ 


'V 

Report  of   the   Illinois  Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

farmer  from  every  section  of  the  State  in  his  ordinary  every-day  work. 
With  this  idea  in  view,  the  committee  communicated  with  the  \  arious 
members  of  the  State  Board  of  Agriculture,  the  instructors  of  the  -\g- 
ricultural  Department  at  the  State  University  at  Urbana,  the  officers 
of  the  State  Farmer's  Institute,  The  Illinois  Corn  Breeders,  and  the 
Illinois  Corn  Growers  Association,  and  other  ag-ricultural  societies,  and 
individual  farmers,  whose  advice  was  at  all  times  freely  given,  and 
was  found  to  be  of  the  greatest  value  in  getting  up  tlie  exhibit.  In 
every  instance  the  gentlemen  that  we  consulted,  agreed  with  tis  as  to 
the  proposed  character  of  the  exhibit  and  that  the  exhibit  was  so  great 
a  success,  is  very  largely  due  to  the  interest  taken  and  the  time  atid 
thought  spent  by  those  persons  and  associations  of  the  State,  who  are 
interested  in  the  encouragement  and  advancement  of  farming. 

It  was,  also,  determined  by  this  conimittee  after  extended  con- 
sultation, to  devote  entire  attention  to  the  exploitation  of  those  pro- 
ducts, which  can  be  grown  most  sucessfully  and  profitably  within  the 
limits  of  this  State.  While  the  interests  of  our  own  State  were,  of 
course,  always  given  the  iirst  consideration,  such  an  exhibit  would  be 
of  just  as  much  interest  and  value  to  adjoining  States,  or  in  fact  any 
countries  of  the  temperate  zone,  where  similar  conditions  of  climate 
and  soil  exist  as  in  the  State  of  Illinois. 

Accordingly,  it  was  determined  to  exploit  the  principal  crop  of 
the  State,  which  surpasses  all  others  in  value  that  of  corn.  It  is  not 
necessarv  here  to  go  into  details  or  statistics  to  show  the  importance 
of  this  crop  to  the  people  of  our  State. 

The  annual  production  in  bushels,  the  value,  the  number  of  per- 
sons whose  welfare  is  cbrec^ly  concerned  in  the  growing  and  handlirig 
of  coi"n,  and  the  manufacture  of  the  various  products  of  corn,  are  all 
estimated  in  figures  that  are  almost  incomprehensible;  suffice  it  to  say 
that  the  value  of  this  crop  raised  in  the  State  of  Illinois,  is  from  two 
hundred  to  three  himdred  millions  of  dollars  every  year.  It  is  the 
greatest  crop  in  the  United  States,  its  value,  when  gathered  from  the 
fields,  was  a  round  billion  of  dollars  in  1903,  and  more  than  that  in 
1904,  and  its  value  as  it  left  the  farmer's  hands  was  greater.  There 
are  more  persons  directly  affected  by  the  value  and  cpiantity  of  this 
crop,  than  any  other  cereal  grown  in  the  world.  There  is  no  other 
cereal,  which  can  be  put  to  so  many  uses,  profitably,  as  corn.  While  its 
use  is  pretty  generally  understood  as  food  for  men  and  beast,  and  while 
two  of  its  princii)al  products,  alcohol  and  glucose  are  known  to  be  tised 
extensively  in  the  arts  and  sciences  and  in  the  manufacture  of  many 
products  in  daily  use,  it  is  not  generally  known  that  sugar,  rubber, 
oils,  and  syrups  of  various  kinds,  as  well  as  some  fifty  other  products, 
are  being  manufactured  and  their  use  is  being  extended  every  year, 
which  with  the  extending  use  of  this  ci"op  in  foreign  countries,  tends 
to  increase  the  value  of  this  great  product  and  the  consequent  prosper- 
ity of  those  engaged  in  its  cultivation  and  manufacttire. 

The  aggregated  efTect  of  every  practical  discovery  that  tends  to 
improve  the  quality  or  increase  the  quantity  of  the  corn  crop,  or  facili- 
tate its  handling,  or  finds  a  new  use  for  it,  can  hardly  be  estimated. 

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ONE  SECTION  OF  CORN  EXHIBIT  BY  FARMER  BOYS 


While  the  quality  and  quantity  of  the  corn  crop,  always  depends  in 
great  part  upon  the  season  and  fertility  of  the  soil  and  proper  cultiva- 
tion, it  has  been  demonstrated  that  the  average  yield  is  increased  and 
improved  from  ten  to  twenty  per  cent.,  other  conditions  which  cannot 
be  controlled  being  equal,  by  the  proper  breeding  of  true  types  best 
adapted  to  the  locality  where  grown  and  the  careful  selection  of  seed 
therefrom.  It  was,  therefore,  determined  to  illustrate  as  far  as  pos- 
sible, all  these  things. 

We,  also,  planned  to  exhibit  choice  specimens  of  wheat,  oats,  rye, 
millet,  sorghum,  kaffir  corn,  clover,  broom  corn,  and  other  grains  and 
grasses,  and  did  exhibit  those  varieties  that  can  best  be  raised  in  the 
different  sections  of  our  State.  The  grains  were  shown  both  in  the 
sheaf  and  threshed.  We,  also,  collected  over  one  hundred  varieties 
of  native  woods  from  different  sections  of  the  State. 

The  question  next  in  importance  now  before  the  farmers  of  this 
and  adjoining  States,  is  the  matter  of  maintaining  and  adding  to  the 
fertility  of  the  soil.  It  is  impossible  even  in  Illinois  to  raise  corn  or 
any  other  cereal,  season  after  season,  without  exhausting  the  soil  and 
the  question  is  how  to  diversify  or  rotate  the  crops  so  as  to  get  the  best 
crops  and  the  most  crops  from  the  land  and  at  the  same  time  by  prop- 
erly alternating  with  leguminous  products  and  grasses,  to  restore  and 
retain  the  necessary  fertile  elements  in  the  soil. 

A  series  of  experiments  have  been  conducted  along  these  lines  by 
the  experiment  station  at  the  State  University  at  Urbana  for  the  past 

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Report  of   the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

several  years  and  the  work  is  now  in  progress  of  collecting  soils  from 
each  locality  in  the  State  with  a  view  of  making  a  complete  and  accur- 
ate soil  map  of  the  State.  It  was  determined  to  illustrate  this  work 
and  this  was  faithfully  done  at  the  Exposition  under  the  direction  of 
Prof.  C.  G.  Hopkins,  and  his  assistant  Mr.  L.  H.  Smith  of  the  State 
University,  and  on  a  scale  and  with  a  completeness  of  detail  not  here- 
tofore attempted  on  any  similar  occasion.  The  report  of  this  exhibit 
is  hereto  appended. 

The  committee  was  early  on  the  ground  when  space  was  assigned 
to  the  various  States  and  countries  in  the  Agricultural  Building,  and 
secured  for  the  Illinois  exhibit  spaces  47  and  48,  next  to  the  center  aisle 
and  near  the  middle  of  the  building.  The  plans  for  the  installation 
were  made  and  submitted  by  Mr.  Seth  J.  Temple  of  the  State  Univer- 
sity, and  bids  for  the  construction  of  the  same  were  advertised  for,  and 
contracts  closed. 

Soon  after  the  organization  of  the  committee,  Mr.  Will  B.  Otwell, 
of  Carlinville,  who  needs  no  introduction  to  the  farmers  of  Illinois,  as 
a  practical  thinker  and  active  worker,  in  the  State  Farmer's  Institute 
and  in  all  that  pertains  to  the  advancement  of  agricultural  interests, 
was  appointed  superintendent  of  agriculture  and  from  that  time  on, 
devoted  his  efforts  to  the  collection  and  installation  of  the  exhibit,  and 
it  is  to  his  active  supervision  that  much  of  the  success  of  the  exhibit  is 
due.  Mr.  Otwell.  with  the  idea  of  stimulating  study  and  interest  in 
high  class  farming  among  those,  who  are  at  the  best  age  to  learn,  and 
who  will  in  a  few  years  succeed  to  the  active  management  of  the  farm- 
ing interests  of  the  State,  got  up  what  is  known  as  the  Farmer  Boy's 
Corn  Contest  of  Illinois.  Subscriptions  were  solicited  from  various 
societies  and  persons,  of  those  who  were  interested  in  the  advancement 
of  agriculture,  and  upwards  of  three  thousand  dollars  in  prizes  was 
donated  by  them  to  be  awarded  to  the  successful  exhibitors  among  the 
farmer  boys. 

The  conditions  of  the  contest  were  advertized  through  the  State 
Farmers  Institute  and  County  Institutes  to  the  boys  of  the  State  and 
these  prizes  were  offered  for  those  who  would  respond  and  send  in  ex- 
hibits in  ten  ear  lots  of  corn  that  they  had  raised  themselves.  These 
prizes  were  offered  without  expense  to  the  Commission.  The  contest 
proved  very  popular  and  stimulated  great  interest  among  the  young 
and  coniing  farmers  of  the  State,  so  much  so  that  several  thousand, 
representing  every  County  in  the  State,  entered  the  contest  and  over 
one  thousand  individual  exhibits  of  remarkably  fine  corn,  grown  by 
these  boys  under  the  conditions  of  this  contest,  were  placed  on  exhibi- 
tion. 

This  helped  to  create  an  unusual  amount  of  interest  in  our  exhibit 
not  only  from  the  people  of  this,  but  from  other  States  and  countries, 
and  was  in  the  opinion  of  every  one  interested  in  such  matters,  the  best 
and  largest  exhibit  of  corn  ever  got  together  at  one  time,  and  the  man- 
ner in  which  it  was  done  and  the  personnel  of  the  exhibitors  made  it 
one  of  the  most  interesting  exhibits  ever  shown.  This  exhibit  was 
one  of  those,  which  took  the  grand  prize.     The  idea  originated  with 

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ONE  SECTION  OF  CORN  EXHIBIT  BY  FARMER  BOYS 

Mr.  Otwell,  and  was  carried  out  by  liim,  and  is  more  fully  detailed  in 
his  report,  which  is  appended. 

During-  the  fall  and  winter  of  1903  most  of  the  exhibits  were  col- 
lected by  the  committee  and  by  Mr.  Otwell.  and  safely  stored  in  Car- 
linville,  and  as  soon  as  the  Palace  of  Agriculture  was  ready  for  occu- 
pancy, these  exhibits  were  shipped  in  carload  lots  to  St.  Louis  and  the 
work  of  installino-  them  commenced. 

Mr.  R.  F.  Garten  of  Princeton,  Illinois,  a  grain  i)icture  artist,  had 
charge  of  the  grain  pictures  and  decorations  and  made  a  very  attractive 
display. 

Mr.  E.  E.  Chester  of  Champaign,  Illinois,  assisted  during  the  in- 
stallation in  selecting  and  classifying  the  show  corn.  The  ins'^allation 
and  exhibit  was  completed  early  in  May,  soon  after  the  Fair  opened, 
except  the  soil  exhibit  which  was  not  finished  in  all  its  details  until 
about  a  month  later.  The  Corn  Products  Company  of  Chicago,  kind- 
ly donated  to  the  committee,  an  assortment  of  some  thirty  new  by- 
products of  corn,  which  have  been  manufactured  by  them  in  the  last 
few  years,  including  different  varieties  of  glucose,  starch,  jM'Oteins.  and 
different  varieties  of  sugar,  rubber,  dextrine,  corn  oils,  syrups,  etc.. 
which  were  exhibited  in  large  jars  arranged  in  the  form  of  a  pyramid. 
The  entire  agricultural  exhibit  covered  10,000  square  feet  of  floor 
space. 

During  the  Fair  additions  were  made  from  time  to  time  as  the 
season  progressed  and  specimens  of  grains  and  corn  from  the  crop  of 


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Report  of   the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

1904  was  added  from  time  to  time.  The  Funk  Brothers  Seed  Com- 
pany of  Bloomington.  contributed  a  very  creditable  display  of  differ- 
ent ^•arieties  of  corn  and  oats  and  other  grains.  The  Bloomington 
Canning  Company  of  Bloomington  exhibited  a  fine  display  of  canned 
vegetables. 

The  exhibit  was  installed  and  kept  up  during-  the  Fair  at  an  ex- 
pense of  less  than  $20,000,  $18,000  of  which  amount  was  originally 
allotted  to  this  committee  from  the  appropriation,  and  supplemented 
later  with  an  additional  amount. 

Mr.  \V.  T.  Brown,  of  Carlinville,  acted  as  assistant  superintendent 
from  the  time  the  exhibit  was  installed  until  the  close  of  the  Fair. 

The  exhibit  as  completed,  showed  the  variety  and  character  of 
Illinois  soils,  and  also,  showed  the  elements,  which  they  contain  and 
what  they  lacked  in  various  portions  of  the  State.  The  proper  treat- 
ment, cultivation,  and  fertilization,  necessary  to  bring  each  kind  of 
soil  to  the  standard  and  keep  it  there ;  the  products  that  could  be  raised 
to  best  advantage  on  these  soils ;  the  method  of  raising  them,  and  the 
appearance  and  characteristics  of  these  crops  at  various  stages  of  their 
growth ;  the  best  seed  to  plant,  and  finally,  the  grown  and  ripened  pro- 
ducts and  the  various  articles  manufactured  therefrom,  and  the  uses  to 
which  they  could  most  successfully  and  profitably  be  put;  attendants 
were  engaged,  who  were  able  to  fully  explain  the  various  features  of 
the  exhibit,  and  as  there  were  so  many  things  that  had  never  been  ex- 
hibited or  shown  anywhere  before,  the  exhibit  appealed  strongly  to 
those  interested  in  farming. 

The  Illinois  space  proved  very  popular  and  was  daily  thronged 
with  large  crowds  of  people.  Of  the  millions  of  visitors,  who-  came  to 
the  Fair,  nearly  all  of  them  at  some  time  or  another,  visited  the  Agri- 
cultural Building  and  the  Illinois  Agricultural  Building  exhibit,  139.- 
000  persons  registered  there,  and  the  comments  made  by  agricultural 
papers  and  the  Press  generally ;  the  illustrations  of  portions  of  the  ex- 
hibit that  have  appeared  in  different  magazines ;  the  inquiries  made  of 
members  of  this  committee,  and  the  superintendent  of  agriculture,  both 
orally  and  by  mail,  by  the  Commissioners  and  exhibitors  from  foreign 
countries,  and  the  deep  interest  displayed,  in  the  scientific  features  of 
the  exhibit,  by  visitors  and  prominent  farmers  from  this  and  other 
States,  and  awards  received,  speak  more  for  the  merits  and  success  of 
this  exhibit,  than  anything  we  could  say  here. 

The  only  attempt  made  to  furnish  an  exhibit  along  the  same  lines 
as  Illinois,  was  that  in  a  portion  of  the  German  section  of  the  Agricul- 
tural Building,  in  which  there  was  a  very  elaborate  and  complete  in- 
stallation of  scientific  apparatus  and  labora^^ory  work  used  in  agricul- 
tural experiments  as  well  as  illustrations  of  seeding  and  growth  of 
various  grains  on  different  soils.  This,  however,  while  very  complete 
and  elaborate,  was  not  in  such  shape  as  to  be  readily  understood  by  the 
average  visitor,  and  even  if  understood,  would  fail  to  bring  home  the 
simple  truths  impressed  by  the  Illinois  exhibit.  While  this  committee 
does  not  claim  to  have  advanced  any  new  or  startling  discoveries  in 
agriculture,  we  tried  with  the  means  at  our  command  to  make  an  ex- 
hibit that  was  creditable  to  the  State  we  represented,  and  we  l)elieve 

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Report  of  the   Illinois  Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

that  the  nature  of  the  exhibit,  and  the  manner  of  installing  and  con- 
ducting the  same,  has  resulted  in  material  good  to  the  people  of  the 
State  and  their  interests. 

This  committee  appreciates  the  assistance  given  by  the  President 
of  the  Commission,  himself  a  practical  farmer,  who,  as  a  member  of 
the  committee,  took  an  active  part  in  all  its  work  and  we  also  desire  to 
express  our  appreciation  of  the  cordial  support  and  assistance  of  the 
other  members  of  the  Commission  in  all  our  plans  and  undertakings. 

We  append  herewith  the  reports  of  Mr.  Otwell,  Superintendent  of 
Agriculture,  Mr.  E.  E.  Chester,  President  of  the  Illinois  Corn  Breed- 
ers Association,  and  the  Agricultural  Department  of  the  State  Univer- 
sity, as  well  as  a  list  of  the  prizes  and  awards,  all  of  which  is  respect- 
fully submitted. 


STATE  SEAL  IN  GRAINS  AND  GRASSES 


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Agricultural  Exhibtt 


CONTINUED. 


By    W.    B.    OTWELL.   Carlinville.  Superintendent 


To  the  Coininitfce  on  Agriculture  of  the  Illinois  Commission: 

Gentlemen  : — From  the  ver}'-  start  it  was  agreed  by  the  Illinois 
Commission  and  the  Superintendent  that  the  agricultural  display  at  the 
World's  Fair  should  be  plain,  massive  and  educational.  It  was  thought 
that  if,  when  the  exhibit  should  be  dismantled,  its  effects  were  all  gone, 
and  only  during  the  period  of  the  Fair,  it  should  be  attractive,  then  it 
would  be  considered  more  or  less  a  failure.  But,  if  on  the  other  hand, 
an  exhibit  could  be  installed  that  would  be  plain,  educational  and  repre- 
sentative of  the  agricultural  resources  of  the  great  State  of  Illinois  and 
its  lessons  brought  out  so  forcefully  during  the  Fair  that  when  the  Ex- 
position should  be  over  and  the  exhibit  torn  down,  its  lessons  should 
go  on  doing  good  for  long  years  afterward,  then  it  would  be  considered 
truly  a  success.  Accordingly  this  plan  was  adopted  and  the  work  pro- 
ceeded in  harmony  with  the  idea. 

It  was  decided  that  corn,  pure  bred  corn,  should  be  the  great  cen- 
tral product  and  that  it  should  be  surrounded  by  all  the  other  seeds, 
grains,  and  grasses  of  the  farm. 

In  order  to  intensify  the  interest  in  a  corn  exhibit  and  make  it  rep- 
resent as  near  as  possible,  all  sections  of  the  State  and  draw  into  interest 
as  many  corn  growers  as  possible,  a  corn  show  was  held  in  connection 
with  the  State  Farmers'  Institute  that  convened  in  Decatur  on  Feb. 
23-24-25,  1904.  Four  hundred  dollars  in  cash  premiums  were  offered 
on  both  white  and  yellow  corn  to  be  classified  as  first,  second,  third, 
fourth,  and  fifth  premiums,  for  the  corn  growing  districts  of  Northern, 
Central,  and  Southern  Illinois.  Gold  medals  were  also  offered  for  the 
sweep  stakes  white  or  yellow  for  the  entire  State. 

This  not  only  brought  out  a  large  display,  but  it  beyond  question 
brought  together  the  finest  display  of  pure  bred  corn  ever  seen  in  Illi- 
nois. Fifty  of  these  exhibits  were  taken  to  St.  Louis  and  as  each  ex- 
hibit was  for  100  ears  it  made  5,000  ears  of  as  fine  corn  as  one  would 
care  to  see. 

This  started  a  widespread  interest  in  our  corn  exhibit  throughout 
the  State  and  by  the  time  it  was  all  installed  at  St.  Louis,  it  is  estimated 
that  we  had  40,000  ears  of  fine  corn  upon  exhibition  and  it  came  from^ 
all  sections  of  the  State. 

It  was  thought  advisable  to  try  to  surpass  all  other  States  on  the 
one  great  agricultural  product,  corn,  rather  than  spread  out  over  too 

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Report  of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

many  other  products  and  as  a  result,  it  was  admitted  by  all  superior 
corn  judges,  early  in  the  Fair,  that  Illinois  had  beUer  corn  and  more  of 
it  than  any  other  State  at  the  Fair. 

Another  feature  of  our  great  corn  exhibit  was  the  display  of  the 
pure  bred  varieties  of  Illinois..  This  was  freely  commented  on  at  St. 
Louis  by  farmers  and  corn  judges  from  oMier  States  and  it  was  but 
fitting  that  Illinois  should  lead  in  pure  bred  corn,  since  our  State  was 
first  to  advance  the  principles  of  corn  breeding.  Many  States  will  fol- 
low our  example  in  the  matter  of  breeding  corn  and  to  thousands  of  in- 
terested farmers,  the  principles  of  breeding  corn  were  explained  and  no 
doubt  but  that  upon  thousands  of  farms,  throughout  the  United  States, 
corn  will  be  grown  the  coming  year  according  to  the  rules  as  laid  down 
by  the  Corn  Breeders  of  Illinois. 

Likewise  many  members  of  the  Corn  Growers  Organization  of 
the  State  furnished  their  best  corn  and  they  have  been  given,  like  the 
Corn  Breeders  Organization,  places  of  prominence  in  the  agricultural 
exhibit  so  as  to  exploit  their  choice  products  in  the  best  possible  man- 
ner. 

Great  interest  has  been  taken  in  our  exhibit  by  farmers  from  every 
section  of  the  United  States,  for  they  felt  that  they  could  come  to  Illi- 
nois to  find  the  most  advanced  ideas  in  corn  culture  and  the  best  and 
purest  of  seed  for  their  fields  the  coming  year. 

Those  in  charge  of  the  agricultural  exhibit  of  Illinois  can  testify 
that  the  farmers  of  the  United  States,  who  visited  our  display  in  order 
to  find  the  very  best  corn  possible  to  produce,  were  delighted  with  w^hat 
they  found. 

And  in  this  connection  it  might  be  stated  that  thousands  of  school 
teachers  from  every  State  came  to  the  Illinois  section  to  study  corn,  in 
a  more  scientific  manner  than  they  had  ever  studied  it  before.  This 
was  especially  true  of  the  teachers  of  the  East  and  South. 

There  was  no  effort  made  to  collect  every  known  grain  or  grass 
or  seed  that  grows  upon  the  farm,  but  to  display  such  products  as  were 
considered  most  valuable  to  the  different  sections  of  the  State.  For 
instance,  instead  of  putting  in  our  display  every  variety  of  corn  that 
could  be  procured — whether  of  value  or  not.  only  the  leading  standard 
varieties  were  installed  and  such  valuable  varieties  were  exhibited  in 
such  proportion  and  in  such  profusion  as  to  demonstrate  their  value  in 
different  sections  of  the  State.  Large  displays  of  wheat,  oats,  grasses, 
and  grains  of  all  kinds,  in  sheaf  and  threshed  were  exhibited,  and  it 
was  intended  to  show  both  the  growth  of  the  root  and  stalk  as  well  as 
the  grain.  As  an  example,  more  than  thirty  varieties  of  oats  were  ex- 
hibited, showing  root  growth,  stalk  growth,  size  and  length  of  head, 
and  beside  each  variety  was  one  peck  of  the  oats  threshed. 

In  one  corner  of  our  exhibit  was  erected  a  triangle  of  grain  pict- 
ures, three  in  number,  each  six  by  eight  feet,  and  made  entirely  of 
seeds.  One  picture  was  that  of  Abraham  Lincoln,  another  Governor 
Richard  Yates  and  a  third  represented  the  State  Seal.  Mounted  upon 
one  of  the  large  corn  pavillions  were  two  other  grain  pictures  each  six 
by  eight  feet,  one  representing  a  summer  scene  and  the  other  a  winter 

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Report  of  the   Illinois  Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

scene.  These  large  pictures  came  fully  up  to  the  high  standard  of  other 
grain  scenes  at  the  Fair  and  it  is  but  just  to  say  that  they  were  made  by 
Mr.  R.  F.  Garten  of  Princeton,  Illinois,  who  has  made  a  success  in  this 
line. 

Upon  seven  large  tables  were  displayed  more  than  500  glass  bot- 
tles of  seeds  ranging  from  eight  ounces  to  one  gallon  each. 

But  the  feature  of  our  agricultural  display  that  attracted  more  at- 
tention than  anything  else  and  we  are  led  from  a  whole  summer's  ob- 
servation to  say — attracted  more  favorable  inspection  and  comment, 
than  any  other  display  in  the  entire  Agricultural  Building  was  the  im- 
mense display  of  corn  grown  by  the  farmer  boys  of  Blinois.  The  Com- 
mission from  the  very  start  determined  to  make  the  display  by  the 
farmer  boys  a  strong  feature  of  the  exhibit  and  how  well  their  efforts 
were  rewarded  is  now  known  by  millions  of  people  who  visited  the 
Agricultural  Building.  The  Superintendent  solicited  special  premiums 
to  the  amount  of  $3,500.  Circulars  describing  the  Farmer  Boys  Corn 
Contest  were  placed  in  the  hands  of  120,000  farmer  boys  in  Blinoisi 
Eight  thousand  entered  the  contest. 

The  prize  corn — more  than  one  thousand  exhibits  of  ten  ears  each. 
was  beautifully  and  plainly  installed  in  such  a  manner  that  the  quantity 
and  Cjuality  of  the  corn  was  in  plain  sight  and  upon  more  than  six  hun- 
dred of  these  little  piles  of  corn,  were  placed  the  photograph  of  the  boy 
who  raised  it. 

Above  these  two  vast  pyramids  of  white  and  yellow  corn,  each 
twenty  by  thirty  feet  was  a  handsome  banner  inscribed :  "Grown  by 
the  Farmer  Boys  of  Illinois." 

This  corn  was  of  fine  type  and  cjuality,  quite  uniform  in  appear- 
ance and  measurement  and  with  the  significant  sign  above  it  and  the 
bright  open-faced  photographs  upon  it,  was  a  sight  worthy  the  admira- 
tion of  the  whole  world. 

I  doubt  if  there  was  another  exhibit  at  the  World's  Fair  before 
which  more  admiring  people  have  stood,  than  at  these  boys'  corn  pavil- 
ions. It  was  not  alone  the  fine  exhibit  of  corn  that  attracted  their  at- 
tention, but  it  was  the  personality  behind  the  corn  that  compelled  the 
passing  thousands  to  stop  and  gaze  with  wonder.  To  show  how  this 
exhibit  was  appreciated  by  the  very  best  people  it  is  only  necessary  to 
call  attention  to  the  great  numbers  of  newspapers  that  have  written 
about  this  exhibit  this  summer.  The  editor  of  "U^orld's  JVorks"  of 
New  York,  who  gave  the  display  a  good  write-up  and  published  a  full 
page  photograph  of  the  corn  said  that  the  article  had  been  more  widely 
copied  throughout  the  East  than  any  other  agricultural  article  they  had 
ever  published.  And  as  I  write  there  lies  upon  my  desk  requests  from 
"The  American  Boy,"  The  Breeders  Gazette,  and  the  Agricultural 
Department  of  the  United  States  Government  for  photographs  and 
description  of  the  Illinois  Farmer  Boys  Corn  Contest,  at  St.  Louis. 
Photographs  have  also  been  furnished  upon  request  for  the  public 
schools  of  St.  Louis,  Chicago,  and  New  York  City.  Mr.  Farr,  assist- 
ant superintendent  of  Cook  County,  has  had  the  photo  of  the  boys  corn 
made  into  a  ''slide"  to  be  used  in  his  moving  picture  entertainment  and 

82 


Report  of  the   Illinois  Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase  Exposition 

lecture.  Likewise  Secretary  A.  B.  Hostetter  of  the  Illinois  State 
Farmers  Institute. 

One  hundred  thousand  postal  card  half  tones  of  the  boys  corn 
were  handed  out  to  admiring-  visitors  and  ten  times  as  many  more  could 
have  been  given  away. 

No  other  exhibit  at  the  Fair  resembled  this  one  and  the  great  good 
which  will  accrue  from  it  alone,  is  worth  many  times  in  effort  and 
money  all  it  cost. 

Instrumental  and  vocal  music  were  daily  features  to  help  entertain 
the  tired  visitors.  Our  check  room  and  baggage  room  and  rest  room, 
were  constantly  occupied  and  every  effort  was  made  to  make  all  visitors 
and  especially  Illinois  visitors  feel  at  home. 

All  our  help  and  assistants  were  congenial  and  careful  to  look 
after  the  comfort  of  the  callers  and  safety  and  attractiveness  of  the  ex- 
hibit. 

And  now  that  the  Fair  is  over,  it  is  my  earnest  belief  that  we  so 
conducted  the  Illinois  section  in  the  Palace  of  Agriculture,  as  to  bring 
much  good  to  the  farming  interests  of  Illinois  and  that  it  was  a  credit 
to  the  Commission  and  the  State. 

LIST   OF   PRIZES    AND  AWARDS 

To  the  display  of  corn  exhibited  by  the  farmer  boys  of  Illinois.  .  .Grand  prize 
University  of  Illinois,  Urbana   (Experiment  Station)   Investigation 

of  Illinois  Soils,  illustrated Grand  prize 

Corn  Breeders'  Association,  exhibited  by  the  Corn  Breeders'  As- 
sociation, and  in  the  name  of  J.  H.  Coolidg'e,  president.  Gales- 
burg.  111.,  display  pure  bred  corn Grand  prize 

Corn  Growers'  Association,  exhibited  by  the  Corn  Growers'  As- 
sociation, in  the  name  of  E.  E.  Chester,  president.  Champaign, 
111.,  display  of  corn Grand  prize 

To  the  Glucose  Sugar  Refining  Co.,  Chicago Grand  prize 

Collective  exhibit  corn  products,  glucose,  etc Grand  prize 

To  the  Illinois  Commission,  best  display  of  agricultural  products, 

grasses,  seeds,  etc.,  by  the  State  of  Illinois Grand  prize 

It  will  be  borne  in  mind  that  the  Grand  Prize  is  the  highest  award 
and  was  only  made  on  collective  exhibits. 

Upon  individual  exhibits  medals  were  awarded  as  follows : 

J.  A.  Boyd,  x\thens.  111 Gold  medal 

T.  P.  Chester,  Champaign Gold  medal 

Geo.   Dunseth,   Waverly Gold  medal 

Funk   Bros.,    Bloomington Gold  medal 

W.  E.  Johnson,  Athens Gold  medal 

M.   H.  "Sutton,   Decatur Gold  medal 

Peter   Sutton,   Decatur Gold  medal 

J.  O.  Toland,  Humboldt Gold  medal 

F.  A.  Warner,  Sibley Gold  medal 

J.  W.  Workman,  Maxwell Gold  medal 

Emil    Hartman.   Eureka Silver  medal 

E.   S.   Helms,   Belleville Silver  medal 

A.  A.  Hill,  Casner Silver  medal 

83 


Report  of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase  Exposition 


D.  A.  Blaloch,  Decatur Silver  medal 

J.  J.  Billman,  Ivesdale Silver  medal 

I.  E.  Broaddus,  Henry Silver  medal 

C.  D.  Duff,  Clay  City Silver  medal 

H.  G.  Easterly,  Carbondale Silver  medal 

Geo.  Eskridge,  Toledo Silver  medal 

W.  H.  Evans  and  S.  L.  Utty,  Lincoln Silver  medal 

Geo.   Faith,   Warrensburg Silver  medal 

Thos.   Lyons  &  Co.,  Areola Silver  medal 

J.  E.  Muirheid,  Decatur Silver  medal 

Israel  Mills,  Clay  City Silver  medal 

C.  M.  Roberts,  Areola Silver  medal 

J.  M.  Schoeder,  Murphysboro Silver  medal 

J.  A.  Stone,  Bement Silver  medal 

Robert    Styne,    Sadorus Silver  medal 

Bloomington  Canning  Co.,  Bloomington Silver  medal 

J.  B.  Bratney,  Preston Bronze  medal 

John  B.  Butt,  Maroa Bronze  medal 

John  Chantry,  Yates  City Bronze  medal 

A.  T.  Doerr,  Harvel Bronze  medal 

G.  C.  Duensing,  Toledo Bronze  medal 

Fritz    Korte,    Round   Knob Bronze  medal 

Wm.   Green,    Lockport Bronze  medal 

Fred    Harford,    Verona Bronze  medal 

E.  V.  Lane,  Lacon Bronze  medal 

Wm.  Lehman,  Pontiac Bronze  medal 

W.   H.  Menefee,   Minonk Bronze  medal 

F.  A.   Miller,  Carlinville Bronze  medal 

Geo.   Morris,   Lintner Bronze  medal 

H.   T.   Peterson,   Monmouth Bronze  medal 

W.   H.   Rothgeb,   Millford Bronze  medal 

E.  C.  Richards,  Hillsboro Bronze  medal 

John  H.  Roth,  Panola Bronze  medal 

J.  F.   Shelley,  Sterling Bronze  medal 

Jesie  M.   Sloan,  Browns Bronze  medal 

A.   Vaubel,    Washington Bronze  medal 

Wm.  F.  Walcott,  Amboy Bronze  medal 

E.  Northen,  Murphysboro Bronze  medal 


I 


i 


84 


Report  of  the   Illinois  Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 


Corn  Breeding  Exhibit  at  the  World's  Fair 


REPORT  OF  ILLINOIS   AGRICULTURAL  EXPERIMENT  STATION  EXHIBIT, 
UNIVERSITY  OF  ILLINOIS,  URBANA,  ILLINOIS 


By  PROFESSOR  C.  G  HOPKINS 


One  of  the  many  interesting  features  of  the  immense  corn  display 
to  be  seen  in  the  Illinois  section  of  the  Palace  of  Ag-riculture  is  the  ex- 
hibit illustrating  the  improvement  of  corn  by  breeding.  This  work 
which  was  instituted  and  is  being  carried  on  at  the  Illinois  Agricultural 
Station  has  attracted  the  attention  of  the  scientific  world  for  a  number 
of  years,  but  its  intense  practical  significance  has  more  recently  through 
the  popular  magazines  and  agricultural  press  caught  the  interest  of  the 
general  public. 

It  has  been  demonstrated  that  the  corn  plant  is  just  as  susceptible 
to  the  laws  of  breeding  and  heredity  as  any  member  of  the  animal  king- 
dom and  that  by  intelligently  applying  these  laws  any  characteristic 
of  corn  can  be  modified  at  the  will  of  the  corn  breeder.  For  example: 
it  has  been  found  entirely  possible  by  selecting  and  breeding  corn  to 
change  its  composition  so  that  we  may  produce  corn  especially  adapted 
to  special  purposes,  either  for  feeding  or  for  manufacturing.  The  ex- 
hibit brings  out  the  results  of  these  experiments  in  a  most  interesting 
and  striking  manner.  There  is  shown  here  a  bushel  of  the  grain  sep- 
arated into  its  various  chemical  constituents.  The  amount  of  carbohy- 
drates which  is  mostly  starch,  the  amount  of  protein  which  is  the  great 
nutritive  substance  in  feeding,  the  amount  of  oil  which  now  serves  so 
many  useful  purposes,  and  the  amount  of  ash  or  mineral  matter  which 
the  farmer  actually  removes  from  his  land  every  time  he  sells  a  bushel 
of  corn  are  all  shown  by  actual  specimens. 

The  accomplishment  of  the  experiment  station  is  changing  the  re- 
lative amounts  of  these  constituents  at  will,  and  thereby  adapting  the 
corn  to  different  purposes,  is  clearly  and  graphically  illustrated.  For 
example :  the  progress  of  the  work  through  seven  generations  of  breed- 
ing with  the  purpose  of  increasing  the  oil  content  is  represented  by  a 
series  of  jars  containing  corn  oil  in  the  varying  quantities  in  which  it 
has  been  produced  in  the  crop  each  succeeding  year.  A  correspond- 
ing series  represents  the  results  obtained  at  the  same  time  in  breeding 
to  decrease  the  oil,  and  by  the  arrangement  of  the  jars  one  readily  ob- 
serves the  effect  of  the  breeding  as  it  progresses  from  year  to  year  until 

85 


Report  of  the   Illinois  Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 


IN  STATE  EXPERIMENTAL  STATION  EXHIBIT 

finally  after  seven  generations  one  strain  of  corn  actually  contains  more 
than  double  the  quantity  of  oil  per  bushel  than  the  other  strain  and  both 
originating  from  the  same  variety. 


TABLE    SHOWING    THE    INCREASE    AND    DECREASE    IN    THE    OIL    CONTENT    OF 
CORN   PRODUCED   BY    BREEDING   AT  THE   ILLINOIS  AGRICULT- 
URAL    EXPERIMENT     STATION: 


Per  Cent. 

OF  Oil  in  Crop 

High  Oil  Plot. 

Low  Oil  Plot. 

1896 

1897 

4.70 
5.73 
5.15 
5.64 
6.10 
6.09 
6.41 
6.53 

4.70 
4.06 

1898 

3.99 

1899 

3.82 

1900 '. 

190] 

3.59 
3.43 

1902 

3.01 

1903 

2.97 

Ear  highest  in  oil  7.71 

Ear  lowest  in  oil 2.12 

The  glucose  factories  will  pay  a  premium  for  high  oil  corn,  while 
low  oil  corn  is  desirable  for  certain  feeding  purposes. 

A  similar  series  of  jars  represents  the  progress  of  the  work  in 


i 


breeding  for  increase  and  decrease  of  protein  content. 

86 


Starting  with 


Report  of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

the  same  variety  of  corn  and  selecting  and  breeding-  in  the  two  opposite 
directions,  namely :  for  high  protein  and  for  low  protein,  one  can  ob- 
serve the  results  obtained  each  year  until  finally  after  seven  generations 
the  high  protein  strain  contains  about  one  and  one-half  times  the 
amount  of  this  most  valuable  nutrient  constituent  as  does  that  of  the 
low  protein. 


TABLE   SHOWIXG   THE    INCREASE    AND    DECREASE    IN    PROTEIN    PRODUCED    BY 

BREEDING  CORN  AT  THE    ILLINOIS  AGRICULTURAL 

EXPERIMENT   STATION: 


Per  Cent.  Protein  in  Crop 

High  Protein  Plot. 

Low  Protein  Plot. 

1896 

11.92 
11.10 

10.92 

1897 

10.55 

1898 

11.05 

10.55 

1899 

11.46 

9.86 

1900 

12.32 

9.38 

1901 

14.12 

10.05 

1902 

12.34 

8.22 

1903 

13.04 

8.62 

High  protein  corn  gives  a  better  balanced  ration  than  does  ordin- 
ary corn.  Low  protein  corn  contains  large  amounts  of  starch,  and  so 
of  special  value  to  the  starch  factories. 

The  practical  significance  to  all  this  is  in  the  fact  that  the  oil  of 
corn  has  become  such  a  valuable  commercial  product  upon  the  market 
that  there  is  a  demand  by  the  manufacturers,  especially  in  vast  glucose 
industry,  for  corn  richer  in  oil.  On  the  other  hand  the  farmer  now 
generally  recognizes  the  value  of  feeds  rich  in  protein.  His  ordinary 
corn  does  not  contain  sufficient  quantity  of  this  important  nutrient  and 
consequently  he  is  forced  to  buy  more  concentrated  feeds  w- ith  which  to 
reinforce  his  corn,  especially  in  feeding  for  the  production  of  meat, 
milk  or  eggs.  Appreciating  the  importance  of  these  matters  there  has . 
been  a  great  demand  from  all  parts  of  the  country  for  this  highly  bred 
seed.  It  is  impossible  as  well  as  out  of  the  province  of  the  experiment 
station  to  supply  seed  on  a  commercial  scale,  but  by  establishing  prin- 
ciples and  working  out  methods  it  can  aid  the  practical  seed  corn 
breeders  in  this  work,  and  several  of  the  most  progressive  corn  breed- 
ers of  Illinois  are  now  in  close  co-operation  wnth  the  experiment  station 
in  improving  their  dift'erent  varieties  along  these  lines.  One  of  the 
features  of  this  exhibit  consists  in  specimens  and  charts  completely 
illustrating  the  methods  employed  in  this  co-operative  work. 

It  is  possible  to  select  seed  corn  that  is  high  in  protein  or  oil  by 
simply  observing  the  mechanical  structure  of  the  kernel.  Any  farmer 
can  do  this  for  himself  with  no  apparatus  required  other  than  a  pocket 
knife.  The  principles  of  this  method  are  fully  illustrated  in  this  ex- 
hibit.    Another  striking  example  of  breeding  and  the  force  of  heredity 

87 


Report  of  the   Illinois  Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

in  fixing-  particular  characteristics  is  shown  in  an  exhibit  of  corn  plants 
from  two  separate  plots  planted  from  ears  of  the  same  variety,  but  the 
one  lot  selected  for  ears  borne  high  on  the  stalk  and  the  other  for  ears 
borne  low  on  the  stalk.  The  average  difference  produced  in  the  first 
generation  of  this  selection  was  fourteen  inches. 

All  of  this  corn  improvement  is  based  upon  a  fundamental  prin- 
ciple which  stated  reads  as  follows:  "Every  individual  corn  plant  is 
possessed  of  an  individuality  similar  to  the  individuality  in  animals." 

Like  in  the  breeding  of  animals  so  in  the  breeding  corn  there  is 
kept  a  registry  and  pedigree  record  of  every  individual  seed  ear  that  is 
planted.  One  of  the  most  interesting  features  of  the  exhibit  illustrates 
th  manner  of  keeping  these  records  and  there  are  given  actual  pedigree 
records  of  certain  ears  in  which  the  ancestry  is  traced  back  through 
eight  generations  of  breeding. 

The  entire  exhibit  is  supplemented  by  charts  and  photographs  il- 
lustrating many  phases  of  the  work  as  it  is  being  carried  on  and  to  the 
interested  spectator  whose  questions  may  not  be  answered  by  some  part 
or  other  of  the  exhibit  itself  there  appears  an  invitation  to  apply  to  the 
experiment  station  for  information  or  for  any  of  the  regular  publica- 
tions relating  to  this  most  interesting  subject. 


r 


Report  of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 


Soil   Exhibit 


By    C.;.G.    HOPKINS  and   J.   H.   PETTIT,   University   of   Illinois   Experiment   Station 


The  soils  of  Illinois  based  upon  their  geological  formation,  may 
be  divided  into  fourteen  large  soil  areas  as  indicated  upon  the  accom- 
panying map.  In  each  one  of  these  large  divisions,  as,  for  instance, 
the  Lower  Illinoisan  Glaciation,  there  may  be  several  types  of  soil  re- 
sulting from  the  action  of  wind,  water,  and  climatic  conditions  since 
the  time  of  the  glacier,  but  there  is  one  type  of  largest  distribution  char- 
acteristic of  that  area  and  remarkable  uniform  in  character  as  is  shown 
by  crop  yields  and  by  chemical  and  mechanical  analysis. 

The  earliest  glaciation,  known  as  the  Illinoisan  Glaciation,  covered 
the  whole  State  with  the  exception  of  some  seven  counties  in  the  ex- 
treme south,  a  narrow  strip  in  Calhoun  and  Pike  Counties  in  the  west, 
and  Jo  Davies  and  a  part  of  Stephenson  and  Carroll  Counties  in  the 
northwest. 

Due  to  recognized  differences  in  the  soil  of  this  great  area,  where 
it  is  still  exposed,  as  well  as  its  composition,  it  has  been  divided  into 
the  Upper.  ]<kliddle.  and  Lower  Illinoisan  Glaciations,  which  areas  are 
bounded  approximately  by  the  Mississippi  and  Illinois,  the  Illinois  and 
Kaskaskia  and  the  Kaskaskia  and  Wabash  rivers. 

This  glaciation  was  buried  in  the  northern  part  of  the  State  by  the 
debris  from  latter  glaciers.  First  the  Early  lowan  (also  known  as  the 
Pre-Iowan)  covered  a  part  of  five  counties  in  the  northwestern  part  and 
latter  the  Late  lowan  (also  knowm  as  the  lowan)  covering  a  part  of 
nine  counties  in  the  north  and  northwestern  part  of  the  State.  Lastly 
the  Wisconsin  Glaciations,  Early  and  Late,  covered  the  whole  of  the 
northeastern  portion  of  the  State.  In  all  of  these  glaciations  there  are 
the  two  general  types — the  flat  level  land  (originally  poorly  drained) 
and  the  gently  rolling  prairie,  naturally  well  surface  clrained.  Along 
the  Mississippi,  Wabash,  and  Illinois  rivers  we  have  deposits  of  deep 
loess  varying  from  fifteen  to  one  hundred  feet  in  thickness  put  there 
by  the  action  of  either  wind  or  water,  geologists  are  not  agreed  in  the 
matter.  We  also  have  a  loess  deposit  varying  from  nothing  to  several 
feet  in  thickness  over  most  of  the  glaciated  and  unglaciated  areas. 

Along  the  rivers  we  have  bottom  lands  formed  by  the  overflow, 
frequently  also  along  the  bluffs  of  rivers  there  are  sand  knolls  and 
ridges.  In  basins  and  poorly  drained  areas  where  the  vegetable  matter 
has  been  covered  by  water  and  atmospheric  decay  prevented,  there  are 
peaty  swamp  soils.  These  occur  mainlv  in  the  northern  half  of  the 
State. 

89 


Report  of   the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 


PLATE    I. — Soil    Exhibit,    State    Experiment    Station 


Farm  practice  shows  that  some  of  these  soils  differ  markedly  in 
fertility  as  measured  by  their  productive  power.  Likewise  a  chemical 
analysis  shows  great  differences  in  these  soils  in  their  stock  of  plant 
food  elements. 

Plate  I  is  a  photograph  of  a  part  of  the  experiment  station  soil 
exhibit  and  shows  in  the  glass  cases  at  the  bottom  one  ten-thousandth 
part  of  an  acre  of  soil  to  the  depth  of  seven  inches  from  ten  of  these 
great  soil  areas.  By  the  jars  above  is  represented  the  content  of  these 
soils  as  to  plant  food  materials  containing  phosphorus,  potassium,  and 
nitrogen,  taking  the  rows  of  bottles  in  order  from  top  to  bottom.  The 
middle  bottles  in  each  set  of  three  shows  the  corresponding  plant  food 
material  contained  in  a  normal  fertile  soil. 

Table  i  give  the  pounds  per  acre  to  the  depth  of  seven  inches  of 
the  elements  nitrogen,  phosphorus,  and  potassium  in  each  of  these  large 
soil  areas. 

A  study  of  the  photograph  and  of  the  table  shows  that  there  are 
wide  variations  between  these  different  soils  as  to  plant  food  and  that 
thev  all  differ  in  one  or  more  respects  from  the  composition  of  the  nor- 
mal fertile  soil. 

It  will  be  noticed  that  there  are  three  general  classes  of  soil  repre- 
sented; one  which  is  relatively  low  in  nitrogen,  as  in  the  case  of  the 
L^ngiaciated  Hill  soil;  a  second  which  is  relatively  low  in  phosphorus, 

91 


Report  of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase  Exposition 


TABLE   l.-FERTILITY  IN    ILLINOIS   SURFACE   SOILS 

Pounds  per  acre,   tentative  data 


*  Principal  Typk  of  Soil  in  thk 
Areas  Shown  on  Map 

Nitrogen 

IN  7  Inches 

Phosphorus 
IN  7  Inches 

PoT.\SSIUM 

IN  7  Inches 

Unglaciated  Hills 

1000 

1000 

5600 

Lower  Illinois  Glaciated  Prairie 
Middle  IllinoisGlaciated  Prairie 
Upper  Illinois  Glaciated  Prairie 

2800 
5000 
5400 

600 
1000 
1400 

4200 
8400 
5600 

lowan  Glaciation  Prairie     ..   .. 

4300 

1100 

7400 

Wisconsin  Moraine  Soil 

Wisconsin  Glaciation  Prairie.... 

5000 
6200 

1200 
1600 

7400 
8800 

Loess  Soil,  old 

1800 

800 

5600 

Sand  Soil 

1100 
33500 

300 

2000 

2400 

Peaty  Soil                             

1200 

Average  U.  S.  Fertile  Soil 

5600 

2000 

6600 

*  Areas  are  indicated  on  map. 


as  is  the  Lower  Illinoisan  Glaciation;  and  a  third  which  is  relatively 
low  in  potassium,  as  is  the  Peaty  Swamp  soil.  Experiments  have 
shown  that  it  is  these  relatively  deficient  elements  which  first  of  all  limit 
the  yield  on  these  soils.  For  when  we  add  the  deficient  elements  we 
get  a  marked  increase  in  yield,  w^hile  the  addition  of  either  of  the  other 
elements  does  not  produce  the  same  effect. 

Plate  II  shows  a  series  of  four-gallon  pots  containing  soil  from  the 
Unglaciated  Hill  area.  Each  of  these  pots  has  received  either  nitro- 
gen (N),  in  the  form  of  dried  blood  or  phosphorus  (P),  in  the  form 
of  steamed  bone  meal,  or  potassium  (K),  in  the  form  of  potassium 
sulphate,  or  finely  ground  limestone  (L),  either  singly  or  in  combina- 
tion as  indicated  in  Table  II  in  the  column  headed  "Kind  of  Plant  Food 
Added." 

From  the  photograph  and  from  the  yields  as  given  in  Table  II  it 
is  plain  that  the  addition  of  nitrogen  (N)  increases  the  yield  in  this 
soil,  which  chemical  analysis  shows  to  be  low  in  nitrogen.  The  element 
nitrogen  can  be  supplied  by  dried  blood  or  nitrate  of  soda,  or  it  can  be 
obtained  from  the  air  by  the  use  of  legumes  in  the  rotation,  not  only  as 
a  regular  crop  but  as  catch  crops. 

Plates  III  and  IV  show  two  of  a  series  of  plots  under  field  condi- 
tions where  wheat  has  been  grown  with  the  various  treatments  as  indi- 
cated in  Table  II.  Here  again  both  in  the  picture  and  in  the  yields  we 
see  the  effect  of  adding  the  deficient  and  limiting  element  phosphorus 
(P).  There  are  twenty-one  of  these  experiment  fields  located  in  vari- 
ous parts  of  the  State  and  representing  all  of  the  large  soil  areas. 

92 


Report  of  the   Illinois  Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 


TABLE  II.— CROP   YIELDS   IN   SOIL  EXPERIMENTS 


(a)  Unglaciated 

(c)PkATY  SWAMP  SOIL 

Wheat 

Kind  of 

PLANT 
FOOD 

HILL    SOIL 

Kankakee  County 

BUSHELS 

Soil 

(N.  MOST  needed) 
Wheat 

(K.  MOST  needed) 

PER  ACRE 

TEST 

No. 

(b)  Lower  Illinois- 

Ear  Corn 

APPLIED 

GRAMS 

AN   GLACIATION 

BUSHELS 

PER    POT 

(P.    MOST   needed) 

PER  ACRE 

1 

o 

3 

6 

15 

2 

L 

4 

7 

7 

3 

LN 

26 

11 

4 

4 

LP 

3 

25 

5 

5 

LK 

3 

16 

73 

6 

LNP 

34 

33 

4 

7 

LNK 

33 

20 

71 

8 

LPK 

2 

28 

73 

9 

LNPK 

34 

33 

67 

10 

NPK 

31 

27 

70 

Plate  V  shows  the  effect  of  adding  potassium  (K)  to  a  Peaty 
Swamp  soil  which  is  very  deficient  in  this  element.  Table  II  also 
shows  the  yields  of  corn  obtained  on  this  field  in  1903. 

These  differences  in  yield  have  been  produced  by  the  use  of  plant 
food  alone.  All  of  the  plots  in  each  series  are  as  nearly  uniform  as 
possible  so  far  as  the  type  of  soil  is  concerned.  If  any  differences 
were  known  to  exist  at  the  time  the  experiments  were  commenced,  the 
check  plots  w^ere  put  on  the  best  plot.  They  all  received  the  same  rain-' 
fall,  the  same  lig-ht  and  heat,  were  planted  at  the  same  time  with  the 
same  seed,  and  received  the  same  cultivation  and  rotation.  The  only 
difference  in  treatment  and  management  was  in  the  kind  of  plant  food 
added. 

The  amount  of  plant  food  in  a  soil  and  its  producing  capacity  is  in- 
fluenced largely  by  the  sj^stem  of  farming  practiced  and  the  manage- 
ment followed. 

Table  III  gives  the  soil  treatment  and  rotations  practiced  on  dif- 
ferent plots  located  on  the  University  farm  at  Urbana,  all  on  the  same 
type  of  soil,  and  shows  the  difference  in  power  to  produce  crops  result- 
ing from  the  different  systems  of  soil  treatment  and  management  ex- 
tending over  28  years.  The  actual  yields  of  corn  from  these  different 
plots  were  shown  by  samples  in  the  exhibit. 

Table  III.  Latest  corn  yields  from  the  University  of  Illinois  soil 
experiment  fields  where  experiments  have  been  continued  for  twenty- 
eight  years. 

I.  Continuous  corn  reduces  the  fertility  and  destroys  the  humus 
rapidly. 

93 


Report   of   the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana    Purchase   Exposition 


PLATE   111.  — Wheat   Crop  (2.1)  with   Legume   and   Lime  Treatment:    Odin  Soil  Experiment  Field,    1903 

2.  Corn  and  oats  rotation  also  reduces  the  fertility  and  destroys 
the  humus,  but  not  as  rapidly  as  continuous  corn. 

3.  Corn,  oats,  and  clover  rotation  almost  maintains  the  supply 
of  humus  and  nitrogen,  but  rapidly  reduces  the  supply  of  phosphorus, 
the  Hberation  of  phosphorus  from  the  soil  being-  hastened  by  the  decay- 
ing organic  matter. 


TABLE  111. 

Latest  Corn   Yields  from  the   University   of    Illinois  Soil   Experiment    Fields   where   Experiments  have  been 

Continued  for   28  Years 


Plot 

No. 

Crop 
Rotation 

Soil 
Treatment 

Corn 
Bushels 

28  years  in 
^  ^     i  corn 

None 

22 

4  A 

28  years  in 
corn  and  oats 

None 

40 

5  A 

28  years  in 

corn,  oats  and  clover 

None 

59 

302 

28  years  in 

corn,  oats,  clover  and  pasture 

None 

74 

304 

28  years  in 

corn,  oats,  clover  and  pasture 

Lime 

84 

306 

28  years  in 
corn,oats,clover  and  pasture 

Lime  and 
phosphorus 

95 

308 

28  years  in 

corn,  oats,  clover  and  pasture 

Lime,  phosphorus 
and  potassium 

95 

94 


Report  of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 


PLATE   IV.  -  Wheat  Crop    (13.4   bu.)    with    Legume,   Lime,    and   Phosphorus   Treatment: 

Experiment   Field,    1903 


Odin    Soil 


4.  Corn,  oats,  and  clover  with  some  pasture  in  rotation  maintains 
the  supply  of  humus  and  nitrogen,  but  reduces  the  supply  of  phos- 
phorus, though  not  so  rapidly  as  without  pasture. 

5.  When  lime  (as  ground  limestone)  is  added  with  this  rotation 
of  corn,  oats,  clover,  and  pasture,  a  better  stand  and  growth  of  clover 
is  usually  secured  and  the  humus  and  nitrogen  are  well  maintained,  but 
the  supply  of  phosphorus  is  more  rapidly  reduced  and  ultimately  the 
productive  capacity  of  the  soil  will  decrease  under  this  system,  unless 
all  of  the  crops  grown  are  fed  on  the  farm  and  the  manure  all  returned 
to  the  land  and  the  bone  which  is  sold  with  the  animals  all  brought  back 
and  returned  to  the  soil  as  bone  meal. 

6.  If  lime  (preferably  as  ground  limestone)  is  applied  in  suffici- 
ent quantities  to  keep  the  soil  sweet  and  as  much  phosphorus  (prefer- 
a])ly  as  steamed  bone  meal  or  raw  rock  phosphate)  is  applied  as  would 
l)e  removed  in  maximum  crops  (such  as  lOO-bushel  corn  crops — see 
Illinois  circular  No.  68),  and  a  rotation  of  corn,  oats,  and  clover  with 
some  pasture  is  practiced,  and  all  crops  fed  and  all  manure  returned  to 
the  land,  the  fertility  of  the  soil  would  thus  be  maintained  indefinitely. 

7.  Most  of  the  soils  of  Illinois  are  abundantly  su])plied  with 
potassium  (peaty  sw^amp  lands,  sand  soils,  and  some  southern  Illinois 
soils  excepted)  to  meet  the  requirements  for  maximum  crops  for  many 
years,  even  though  considerable  quantities  of  the  most  valuable  grains 
(as  corn  and  wheat)  should  be  sold  from  the  farm,  all  coarse  feed  be- 
ing fed  and  the  manure  returned  to  the  land.  On  the  other  hand,  if  all 
crops  grown  including  grain,  straw,  stover,  and  hay  are  sold  from  the 
farm  and  no  manure  returned  to  the  land,  even  the  supply  of  potassium 

95 


o 

a, 


uj 


1^ 
o 


-J 

a 
E 
a 

en 


Q- 


CO 


o 

U 

I 

> 

H 

< 
_1 

a. 


Report  of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

can  be  so  reduced  in  time  as  to  limit  the  yield  of  the  crop.    Upon  these 
data  the  following  suggestions  are  based : 

1.  Practice  some  good  rotation,  such  as  corn,  oats,  clover,  and 
pasture;  or  corn,  wheat,  clover,  and  pasture. 

2.  Feed  all  crops,  with  the  possible  exception  of  wheat  and  some 
.corn,  use  plenty  of  bedding  and  return  all  manure  to  the  land. 

3.  Apply  500  pounds  steamed  bone  meal  or  1,000  pounds  raw 
rock  phosphate  to  the  clover  sod  every  three  or  four  years,  preferably 
mixed  with  manure  and  plowed  under  for  corn. 

4.  Apply  1,000  to  2.000  pounds  of  ground  limestone  after  the 
ground  is  plowed  for  corn,  if  necessary  to  the  successful  growing  of 
clover. 

The  following  tables  are  herewith  appended.  Yields  obtained 
from  three  types  of  soil  in  Illinois  when  the  three  elements  of  plant 
food  are  applied  separately  : 


Treatment 


Sand 

(  Deficient  in  N  . ) 

Bu.  Corn 

Per  Acre 


Nitrogen  (N.) 

Phosphorus  (P.) 
Potassium  (K.).. 


65 
25 
20 


Lower 

Illinoisan 

Glaciated 

Prairie. 

(Deficient  in  P. 

Bu.    Wheat 

Per  Acre 


Peaty  Swamp 

(  Deficient  in  K.  ) 

Bu.  Corn 

Per  Acre 


3.0 

4.6 

72.6 


97 


Report  of   the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 


The  Corn  Growers  of  Illinois 


By    E.    E.    CHESTER,    President    Association 


The  leading  cereal  production  of  the  State  of  Illinois  being  corn, 
it  is  a  fortunate  thing  for  the  masses,  that  there  is  an  organized  etTort 
for  its  improvement,  both  in  yield  per  acre  and  in  the  intrinsic  value  of 
this  product.  As  a  little  more  than  fifty  per  cent,  of  the  area  in  the 
United  States  devoted  to  cereals,  is  in  corn ;  how  vastly  more  does  the 
prosperity  of  a  great  corn  State  like  Illinois  depend  upon  the  intelligent 
care  given  to  this  great  crop  by  the  large  army  of  corn  growers  in  the 
State. 

It  is  fortunate  for  Illinois  that  two  five  associations  exist,  working 
for  the  improvement  of  this  cereal,  viz :  The  Corn  Breeder's  Associa- 
tion and  the  Corn  Grower's  Association. 

The  former  has  for  its  object  the  increase  of  the  yield  per  acre  by 
breeding  only  from  corn  that  has  given  a  high  yield,  thus  establishing 
an  inherited  prepotency  towards  increase  in  yield. 

The  fact  has  also  been  established  that  the  vakie  of  the  crop  can 
be  increased  by  increasing  or  diminishing  the  various  contents  of  the 
corn ;  thus  fitting  it  for  the  various  uses  we  make  of  it.  Corn  with  a 
high  per  cent  of  starch  is  better  for  the  starch  factory,  with  a  lower  per 
cent  of  starch  and  high  in  protein  or  oil,  or  both,  for  the  feed  lot.  Foi 
manufacturing  into  glucose  high  oil  corn  is  preferred,  because  oil  is  the 
most  valuable  content  of  corn,  pound  for  pound  on  the  market  and  is 
first  extracted,  before  final  manipulation. 

The  Corn  Breeder's  are  making  constant  eft"ort  and  some  progress 
towards  the  production  of  these  types  of  corn  for  special  uses.  It  has 
taken  a  generation  of  time  to  produce  an  animal  best  fitted  for  a  special 
use,  and  the  public  should  not  expect  the  corn  breeder  to  produce  a  type 
of  corn  as  high  in  protein  as  oats  or  low  enough  to  produce  the  best 
o-rade  of  bacon,  in  the  short  time  thev  have  been  delvino-  into  the 
mysteries  of  plant  breeding  as  applied  to  corn. 

Environment  and  heredity  are  two  great  factors  in  plant  and  ani- 
mal breeding  and  can  in  some  sense  be  controlled.  It  is  to  be  hoped 
the  efforts  of  this  association  will  be  crowned  with  success  for  if  a  small 
per  cent  be  added  to  each  farmer's  crop,  it  will  amount  to  hundreds  of 
thousands  of  dollars  per  annum,  and  besides  be  a  legacy  to  the  future 
generations  of  the  earth. 

The  exhibit  made  by  the  corn  breeders  consisted  of  one  hundred 
and  three  bushels,  contributed  by  its  members,  and  was  located  on  the 
west  large  pyramid,  on  tables  and  in  glass  cases  in  the  Illinois  exhibit, 

98 


Report  of  the   Illinois  Commission   to   the  Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

in  the  Agricultural  Building.  As  an  exhibit  it  received  the  highest 
award — A  Grand  Prize.  Individual  exhibitors  secured  five  gold  med- 
als, the  highest  award  given  to  single  exhibits  of  corn,  besides  a  few  sil- 
ver medals. 

While  the  exhibit  w^as  not  spectacular,  it  demanded  the  attention 
and  commendation  of  thousands  of  thoughtful  students  of  agricultural 
progress.  In  behalf  of  the  Corn  Breeder's  Association  I  desire  to 
thank  your  Commission  for  giving  the  Association  an  opportunity  to 
place  their  efforts  in  corn  improvement  before  the  eyes  of  the  world, 
believing  the  world  will  be  benefitted  by  the  efforts  made  by  this  little 
band  of  Illinois  men. 

The  Corn  Grower's  Association  has  for  its  object,  the  very  careful 
and  systematic  selection  of  seed  corn,  and  with  this  in  view  it  has  de- 
veloped a  system  of  measuring  the  good  and  bad  features  of  corn, 
using  this  rule  in  their  corn  schools,  and  in  the  selection  of  prize  corn 
in  corn  shows.  The  desire  of  the  members  of  this  association  is  that 
nothing  but  the  very  best  shall  go  into  the  planter  boxes  of  the  Corn 
Growers  of  Illinois  and  ^\•ith  this  in  view  they  have  distributed  over  the 
State  the  following : 


SCORE  CARD 

(Revised,  January,   1903.) 


1. 


2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 

9. 
10. 
11. 


12. 


Uniformity — 

(a)  Trueness  to  type 

(b)  Uniformity  of  exhibit  . 

Shape  of  ear 

Color 

Market  condition 

Tips  

Butts 

Kernel  uniformity 

Kernel  shape  

Length 

Circumference  

Space — 

(a)  Between  rows 

(b)  Between  kernels  at  cob 
Proportion  of  corn  to  cob 

Total 


Points 


5 
5 
5 

10 

10 

10 

5 

5 

5 

10 

5 

5 

5 

15 


100 


This  card  is  subject  to  revision  from  year  to  year  as  changes  are 
suggested  by  actual  practice. 

The  exhibit  consisted  of  sixty,  one  hundred  ear  lots,  located  on 
two  pyramids  in  the  southwest  and  northwest  corners  of  the  Illinois 
exhibit  and  in  two  glass  cases,  as  a  whole  containing  corn  in  type  and 


99 


Report  of  the   Illinois  Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

character  that  was  not  excelled  in  this  world's  great  corn  show.  It  re- 
ceived a  grand  prize  as  a  collective  exhibit  and  a  number  of  gold  and 
silver  medals,  with  but  very  few  bronze. 

The  Funk  Brothers  Seed  Co.  deserves  more  than  a  passing  notice 
for  the  attractive  feature  of  their  exhibit,  consisting  of  a  manufactured 
ear  of  corn  standing  sixteen  feet  high,  fully  representing  a  typical  per- 
fect ear  of  corn,  flanked  by  a  large  collection  of  corn  of  the  various 
types  they  grow.  This  collective  exhibit  also  received  a  grand  prize 
and  attracted  universal  admiration. 

The  crowning  feature  of  the  world's  corn  show  was  the  scientific 
exhibit  made  by  the  University  of  Illinois,  showing  what  had  been 
done  in  seven  years  for  the  improvement  of  corn  by  breeding. 

The  changes  brought  about  by  breeding  in  the  oil  and  protein  con- 
tent of  corn  as  exhibited  gives  abundant  evidence  that  this  greatest  of 
food  plants  is  susceptible  to  changes  that  shall  make  it  of  more  value  to 
the  human  race. 

The  practical  value  of  this  exhibit  can  never  be  known  or  estimated 
in  dollars  and  cents,  for  time  only  will  tell  who  of  the  tens  of  thousands 
of  people  who  looked  and  wondered  at  its  simplicity,  will  apply  its  chief 
thought  to  the  business  of  corn  growing. 

Had  every  land  owner  in  Illinois  given  up  a  week  of  time  and  the 
necessary  funds  for  expense  to  visit  the  World's  Fair,  and  seen  nothing 
else,  and  fully  comprehended  the  Illinois  soil  exhibit,  they  would  have 
been  abundantly  compensated  for  time  and  expense. 

If  a  more  valuable  and  interesting  exhibit  was  in  Forrest  Park 
during  the  continuance  of  the  Universal  Exposition,  its  location  has 
not  been  reported. 

To  be  able  to  see  at  a  glance  the  conditions  of  the  soil  all  over  the 
State  and  to  understand  the  possibilities  of  its  production,  this  exhibit 
ought  at  any  expense  to  be  put  in  the  most  conspicuous  place,  perma- 
nently before  the  eyes  of  the  people  of  Illinois. 

These  two  university  exhibits,  were  entered  in  the  Educational 
Department  and  each  received  a  Grand  Prize,  the  highest  award,  yet 
a  trifling  compensation  for  so  valuable  contributions  to  scientific  agri- 
culture. 


100 


Report  of  the   Illinois  Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 


The  Dairy  Exhibit 

Committee— W.   L.  MOUNTS,  Chairman;  J.  H.  PIERCE,   H.   M.   DUNLAP 


REPORT   OF   THE   SUPERINTENDENT 
GEORGE  E.  HUNT,  Hebron 


There  was  no  exhibit  at  the  Louisiana  Purchase  Exposition  that 
excited  more  comment  or  was  viewed  with  more  genuine  interest  than 
the  magnificent  exhibition  of  butter  in  the  mammoth  glass  refrigerated 
cases  located  in  the  Palace  of  Agriculture.  There  was  none  that  peo- 
ple inquired  for  more  or  that  will  be  remembered  by  them  longer  than 
the  Butter  Statuary.  One  of  the  most  attractive  and  interesting  sections 
of  this  exhibit  is  that  installed  by  the  Illinois  Commission,  under  the 
direction  of  W.  L.  IMounts,  John  H.  Pierce,  and  H.  M.  Dunlap,  com- 
prising the  Dairy  Committee,  and  Geo.  A.  Hunt,  Superintendent  of  the 
exhibit.  The  statuary  in  this  exhibit  consists  of  a  full  length  ideal 
statue  representing  'Tllinois,"  holding  the  Shield  of  State  with  one 
hand,  while  the  other  grasps  the  shaft  holding  for  the  streamer  read- 
ing 'Tllinois"  in  large  clear  golden  letters.  On  either  side  of  this  fig- 
ure were  large  busts  of  Lincoln  and  Grant.  These  busts  and  the  full 
length  figure  were  made  of  pure,  Illinois  creamery  butter. 

The  character  of  the  statuary  reflects  great  credit  on  the  repre- 
sentative of  Lorado  Taft's  Studio,  Mr.  Crunelle,  who  did  the  work. 
The  folds  of  the  drapery  and  the  features  of  the  noted  men  represented 
are  portrayed  with  a  truth funess  and  perfection  that  it  will  be  difficult 
to  equal  and  which  no  one  can  excel. 

The  background  for  the  statuary  was  arranged  with  the  banner 
won  by  the  Illinois  Creameries  and  two  large  United  States  flags  which 
were  in  keeping  with  the  historical  character  of  the  two  men  repre- 
sented. 

At  the  sides  and  in  front  heavy  draperies  separate  the  statuary 
from  the  commercial  exhibits,  which  consist  of  print  butter  from  the 
Elgin  district  and  from  the  University  of  Illinois,  arranged  in  various 
designs;  also  samples  of  Borden's  Condensed  Milk  and  Malted  Milk, 
St.  Charles  Evaporated  Cream  and  Highland  Evaporated  Cream. 

There  were  also  jars  with  samples  showing  the  amounts  of  water, 
butter  fat,  casein,  albumen  and  other  ingredients  entering  into  the  com- 
position of  a  thirty-pound  tub  of  butter. 

Tables  showing  the  value  of  the  great  dairy  industry  of  Illinois, 
the  production  of  butter  and  cheese  in  the  Elgin  district,  the  butter  and 
cheese  market  of  Chicago,  and  large  photographs  portraying  typical 
Illinois  dairy  cows  and  Illinois  creameries  and  condensing  plants  oc- 
cupy prominent  positions  among  the  exhibits.     Several  bulletins  from 

101 


Report  of   the   Illinois  Commission   to   the  Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 


BUST  OF  LINCOLN  IN  BUTTER 


BUST  OF  GRANT  IN  BUTTER 


the  University  of  Illinois  agricultural  experiment  station,  showing  the 
importance  of  clean  milk  and  pure  butter  and  other  information  of 
value  to  dairymen  are  distributed  from  the  Superintendent's  desk.  The 
cheese  exhibit,  consisted  of  samples  made  by  students  at  the  University 
of  Illinois,  and  a  large  collection  installed  by  M.  Uhlmann  &  Co.,  of 
Chicago,  occupy  a  space  in  the  cheese  case  directly  opposite  the  butter 
exhibit. 

The  refrigerator  which  contained  these  exhibits  has  a  glass  front 
formed  of  three  thicknesses  of  plate  glass  with  air  spaces  between.  The 
temperature  inside  the  case  was  kept  close  to  the  freezing  point  by  an 
ice-making  machine  in  constant  operation. 

There  was  no  doubt  that  this  exhibit  gave  great  prominence  to 
the  dairy  interests  of  the  State  to  visitors  from  Illinois,  as  well  as  the 
hundreds  of  thousands  of  people  from  other  States  and  foreig'u  coun- 
tries, who  saw  this  exhibit  were  given  an  object  lesson  which  will  be 
far-reaching  in  its  results. 

Many  a  young  man  from  Illinois  and  other  States  as  w^ell,  w^ent 
home  with  new'  thoughts  and  new  ideas  which  will  be  put  into  practice 
as  a  result  of  his  visit  to  the  dairy  exhibits. 

While  the  wealth  of  Illinois  is  in  her  fertile  soil,  it  is  a  well  known 
fact  that  in  order  to  maintain  this  wealth  it  is  necessary  to  return  to 
the  soil  the  elements  of  fertility  taken  aw^ay  by  the  continued  cropping 
from  year  to  year. 

The  great  increase  in  dairying  in  Central  Illinois  during  the  past 
few^  years  not  only  demonstrates  the  fact  that  dairying  is  a  profitable 
business,  but  also  drawls  attention  to  the  fact  that  the  farmers  are  be- 
ginning to  realize  that  dairying  with  the  proper  crop  rotation  is  one  of 


102 


Report  of   the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 


ILLINOIS  BUTTER  EXHIBIT 


the  best  methods  known  of  retaining  the  soil  fertility.  As  an  instancvi 
of  this  :  on  a  certain  farm  in  Madison  County,  the  yield  of  corn  per  acre 
was  doubled  in  two  years  by  this  method  of  growing  suitable  crops  and 
feeding  the  cows  and  returning  the  barnyard  manure  to  the  soil. 

Another  evidence  of  the  efifect  of  dairv  farming  on  the  soil  is 
shown  by  the  fact  that  in  the  best  dairy  Counties  of  Northern  Illinois, 
which  are  supposed  to  be  north  of  the  great  corn  belt  of  the  State,  the 
average  yield  of  corn  per  acre  is  forty-two  bushels ;  while  in  Central 
Illinois,  where  large  yields  can  be  obtained  by  proper  methods,  the 
average  is  only  thirty-six  bushels  per  acre.  At  Greenville,  in  Bond 
County,  where  in  1900  not  more  than  3,000  pounds  of  milk  was  de- 
livered per  day,  the  daily  delivery  has  increased  to  about  70,000 
pounds  during  the  past  four  years  and  during  this  time  the  value  of 
farm  ])roperty  in  that  section  has  increased  thirty-three  and  one-third 
per  cent. 

Since  the  building  of  the  first  creamery  in  1867,  the  dairy  industry 
of  Illinois  has  made  a  steady  increase ;  the  value  of  butter  and  cheese  in 
the  Elgin  district  alone  has  increased  from  $81,000  in  1872,  to  nearly 
$12,000,000  in  1903. 

Elgin,  in  Kane  County,  is  in  the  center  of  what  is  known  as  the 
greatest  dairy  region  in  the  world.  A  Board  of  Exchange,  where  but- 
ter and  cheese  are  bought,  is  maintained  at  this  point,  which  is  an  im- 
portant factor  in  the  butter  markets  of  the  world. 

The  average  price  for  creamery  butter  on  the  Elgin  Board  during 
the  past  thirty-two  years  is  26  3- to  cents  ])er  pound. 

103 


Report  of  the   Illinois  Commission  to   the  Louisiana   Purchase  Exposition 

The  butter  production  for  1903  amounted  to  46,294,471  pounds, 
the  cheese  production  for  same  year  was  4,177,407  pounds. 

There  has  been  a  great  increase  in  the  Chicago  butter  and  cheese 
market,  during  the  past  few  years.  The  butter  receipts  during  1903 
(not  including  through  shipments)  amounted  to  110,000,000  pounds; 
the  cheese  receipts  for  the  same  period  were  82,000,000  pounds.  Ilh- 
nois  has  in  round  numbers,  1,065,000  cows  valued  at  $42,500,000: 
produces  annually  485,000,000  gallons  of  milk,  valued  at  $30,000,000. 

Amount  of  butter  produced  annually,  86,600,000  pounds ;  amount 
of  cream  sold  annually,  1,800,000  gallons;  amount  of  cheese  produced 
annually,  9,400,000  pounds ;  annual  production  of  condensed  milk, 
100,000  000  pounds. 

McHenry  County,  located  in  the  extreme  northern  portion  of  the 
State,  is  the  banner  dairy  county  and  produces  more  milk  and  over  one 
million  pounds  more  butter  than  any  other,  county ;  has  more  creamer- 
ies than  any  other  county  in  the  State  and  more  cows  per  capita  than 
any  other  county  in  the  United  States, 

McHenry  County  has  fifty  thousand  cows  from  which  two  million 
pounds  of  butter  and  over  two  hundred  million  pounds  of  milk  are  sold 
annually,  bringing  in  to  the  farmers  a  revenue  of  between  three  and 
one-half  and  four  million  dollars  annually  from  these  two  products 
alone. 

LIST  OF  PERSONS  AND  FIRMS  WHO  FURNISHED  EXHIBITS  FOR  THE 

DISPLAY    CASE. 

1.  John  Newman Elgin,  111. 

2.  Elgin  Butter  Co Elgin,  111. 

3.  Elgin  Butter  Tub  Co Elgin,  111. 

4.  W.  S.  Moore  &  Co Chicago,  111. 

5.  George  W.  Linn  &  Son Chicago,  111. 

6.  Geo.  H.  Gurler DeKalb,  111. 

7.  University  of  Illinois Urbana,  111. 

8.  Borden's  Condensed  Milk  Co 

9.  St.  Charles  Condensing  Co 

10.  Helvetia  Milk  Condensing  Co 

11.  M.  Uhlmann  &  Co Chicago,  111. 

LIST  of  those   who   PARTICIPATED  IN   THE   CREAMERY  BUTTER 

contests 


Wm.  Bote,  Aurora.  7.  J.  H.  Cooley,  Hillsdale. 

Anton  Buehler,  Bemes.  9.  .  Chas.  Castells,  Forreston. 

George  Bloyer,  Harper.  8.  C.    Christensen,   Mascoutah. 

K.  B.  Carpenter,  Mt.  Carroll  10.  F.  J.  Dickinson,  Woodbine. 

Geo.  A.  Cutler.  Belvidere.  11.  FI.  R.  Duell,  Sandwich. 

Alice  M.  Cooksley,  12.  Wm.  Engelbright, 

Stillman  Valley.  Fairhaven. 
104 


Report  of  the   Illinois  Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 


13 

14 

15 
16 

17 

18 
19 

20 
21 
22 

23 
24 

25 
26 
27 
28 


A.  D.  Farnham,  Thompson.  29. 

E.  F.  Harrison,  Ringwood.  30. 

J.    H.    Hilfiler,    Manhattan.  31. 

H.  H.  Hopkins,  Hinckley. 

John  G.  Goeller,  32- 

Tower  Hill.  33. 

M.  G.  Holtgrave,  Strasburg.  34. 

Geo.  W.  Hoppensteadt,  35. 

Beecher.  ^5 

Ernest  Johnson,  Hebron. 

William  Kane,  Morrison.  37. 

L.  H.  Knigge,  McHenry.  38. 

P.  J.  Kolbert.  Oregon.  39. 

G.  W.  Lorah,  Sugar  Grove.  40. 

Mat.  Ludwig,  Lockport.  41. 

C.  McConaghie,  Leland.  42. 

John  jNIingle.  St.  Marie. 

Mutual  Creamery  Co.,  43- 
Mascoutah. 


Frank  McFarlan,  Big  Rock. 

Fred  P.  Maschke,  Milbrook. 

Theo.  W.  Marquardt, 

Lombard 

Louis  Nelson,  Camp  Point. 

P.  J.  Springsteen,  Elgin. 

L  O.  Schoch,  Freeport. 

O.  A.  Selfried,  Dakota. 

J.  D.  Terpening, 

New  Lenox. 

F.  B.  Thompson,  Warren. 
Chas.  Thornton,  Argyle. 
D.  Van  Patten.  Plainfield. 
S.  J.  Vankuren.  Franklin. 
A.  C.  Winter,  Waterman. 
West  Sangamon  Creamery 

Assn.,  New  Berlin. 
C.  L.  Weihe,  New  ?^Iinden. 


LIST  OF  THOSE  WHO  PARTICIPATED  IN  THE  DAIRY  BUTTER  CONTEST. 

Mrs.  H.  p.  Purviance Lincoln,  111. 

Mrs.  Orilla  Gillies Harvard,  111. 

Mrs.  W.  W.  Corrington Springfield,  111. 

R.  A.  Bloomfield Mt.  Sterling,  111. 

Leland  Hotel  Farm Springfield,  111. 

A.  R.  Stickle Good  Hope,  111. 


The  advisory  dairy  committee  who  assisted  the  Superintendent 
and  Dairy  Committee  of  the  Commission  were:  Chairman,  Joseph 
Newman,  Elgin;  secretary,  George  Craven,  154  Lake  St.,  Chicago; 
A.  J.  Glover,  Elgin ;  D.  E.  Wood,  Elgin ;  George  H.  Gurler.  DeKalb ; 
George  W.  Linn,  103  South  Water  St.,  Chicago;  and  Thos  F.  Gal- 
lagher, 191  South  Water  St.,  Chicago.  Mr.  Newman  is  President  of 
the  State  Dairymen's  Association  and  Geo.  Craven  is  secretary.  These 
gentlemen  very  ably  assisted  the  Dairy  Committee  of  the  Commission 
and  the  Superintendent  and  the  success  of  the  exhibit  is  largely  due  to 
them. 

A  Gold  Medal  was  awarded  the  Illinois  butter  exhibit  by  the  jury. 


1U5 


•sr 


Report  of  the   Illinois  Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 


The  Live  Stock  Exhibit 

Committee-D.  M.  FUNK,  Chairman;  A.  CAMPBELL,   H.   M.  DUNLAP 


IMPORT  OF  THE  SUPERINTENDENT 

H.   M.  COLLINS,  Bloomington 


The  Illinois  State  Commission  to  the  Louisiana  Purchase  Exposi- 
tion set  apart  $15,000  to  make  a  duplication  as  far  as  possible  of  pre- 
miums won  by  the  breeders  of  live  stock  exhibited  in  the  Louisiana 
Purchase  Exposition,  less  $1,000  which  was  reserved  to  provide  for 
the  necessary  expenses  incident  to  printing,  proportioning  and  distribut- 
ing the  said  prize  fund.  The  following  agreement  was  entered  into  be- 
tween the  breeders  and  the  Commission.  In  case  the  duplication  calls 
for  more  than  $15,000,  then  all  the  prizes  won  in  the  regular  classes  to 
be  proportionately  scaled  down  to  make  the  aggregate  $15,000  less  the 
necessary  expense  of  supervision  and  distribution.  That  in  case  the 
duplication  of  regular  prizes  won  by  the  Illinois  exhibitors  of  live 
stock  do  not  reach  the  sum  of  $15,000,  the  balance  remaining,  less  the 
necessary  expense  referred  to,  be  pro-rated  to  the  five  best  animals  in 
each  ring,  exhibited  from  Illinois,  using  the  regular  prize  list  of  the 
Department  of  Live  Stock  at  the  Louisiana  Purchase  Exposition  as  a 
basis  for  such  competition. 

The  Superintendent  of  Live  Stock  is  gratified  to  report  that  the 
exhibitors  of  live  stock  from  the  State  of  Illinois  won  one-twentieth 
of  the  entire  premiums  offered  by  the  Louisiana  Purchase  Exposition 
at  St.  Louis,  and  in  computing  the  per  cent,  find  that  the  amount  ap- 
propriated by  the  Illinois  Commission  will  pay  thirty-four  and  a  half 
per  cent,  of  the  premiums  won  by  the  Illinois  exhibitors. 

A  catalogue  of  the  premiums  won,  and  by  whom,  also  an  itemized 
statement  of  disbursements  to  exhibitors,  is  hereunto  appended : 

Amount  set  aside  by  the  Commissioners  of  the  Louis- 
iana Purchase  Exposition  for  the  live  stock  exhibit.  $15,000.00 

By  amount  charged  to  administration,  inchiding  salary 
of    Superintendent,    stationery    and    pubHcation    of 

report    $770.43 

By  amount  distributed  to  live  stock  breeders 14.229.57 


$15,000.00     $15,000.00 
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Report  of  the   Illinois  Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase  Exposition 


THE    FOLLOWING   IS    A    LIST    OF    THE    AWARDS    MADE    TO    ILLINOIS    LIVE 

STOCK   AT   THE  LOUISIANA   PURCHASE   EXPOSITION    BY 

THE  JURY  OF  AWARDS. 


HORSES 


Division  A.,  Class  i. — Standard  Trotters. 

George  W.  Trone  &  Sons,  Rushville,  111. 

Gelding,  four  years  old  or  over,  5th  prize. 

Thomas  Wilson,  Pleasant  Plains,  111. 

Gelding,  four  years  old  or  over,  3d  and  4th  prizes. 
Mare,  three  years  and  under  four,  3d  and  4th  prizes. 

Archie  Mains,  Virginia,  111. 

Gelding,  four  years  old  or  over,  ist  prize. 

J.  R.  Peak  &  Sons,  Winchester,  111.  -    ■ 

Stallion,  four  years  old  or  over,  ist  prize. 
Stallion,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 
Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  3d  prize. 
Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two,  4th  prize. 
Stallion,  under  one  year,  2d  prize. 
Mare,  four  years  old  or  over,  ist  and  4th  prizes. 

Mare,  three  years  and  under  four,  ist  prize.  , 

Mare,  two  years  and  under  three,  3d  and  5th  prizes.  | 

Mare,  one  year  and  under  two,  ist  and  5th  prizes. 
Stallion,  three  years  old  or  over,  champion,  ist  and  5th  prizes. 
Mare,  three  years  old  or  over,  champion,  ist  and  5th  prizes. 
Stallion,  any  age,  grand  champion,  ist  and  5th  prizes. 
4  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  get  of  one  sire,  2d  and  5th  prizes. 
2  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  produce  of  one  mare,  2d  and  4th  prizes 
Stallion  and  4  Mares,  three  years  old  or  over,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 
Stallion  and  4  Mares,  under  three  years,  2d  prize. 
Stallion  and  4  Mares,  all  two  years  old  or  over,  bred  by  Ex.,  ist  prize. 
Gelding,  three  years  and  under  four,  3d  prize. 
Mare,  four  years  old  or  over,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 
Mare,  three  years  and  under  four,  2d  prize. 
Mare,  two  years  and  under  three.  2d  prize. 

Crum  &  Crum,  Literberry,  111. 

Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three,  ist  and  5th  prizes. 
Mare,  two  years  and  under  three,  ist  prize. 
Mare,  one  year  and  under  two,  4th  prize. 

108 


I 


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Report  of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

INIare,  under  one  year,  4th  prize. 

Two  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  produce  of  one  mare,  3d  prize. 

Stallion  and  four  Mares,  under  three  years,  3d  prize. 


Division  A.,  Class  3. — French  Coach. 

E.  M.  Barton,  Hinsdale,  111. 

Stallion,  four  years  old  or  over,  4th  prize. 

Stallion,  three  years  and  under  four,  3d  prize. 

Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three,  2d  and  4th  prizes. 

Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 

Stallion,  under  one  year,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 

Mare,  four  years  old  or  over,  3d  and  ist  prizes. 

Mare,  three  years  and  under  four,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 

Mare,  two  years  and  under  three,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 

Mare,  one  year  and  under  two,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 

Mare,  under  one  year,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 

Stallion,  two  years  or  under,  champion,  ist  prize. 

Mare,  three  years  old  or  over,  champion,  ist  prize. 

Mare,  two  years  or  under,  champion,  ist  prize. 

Mare,  any  age,  grand  champion  ist  prize. 

Four  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  get  of  one  sire,  2d  and  3d  prizes. 

Two  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  produce  of  one  mare,  2d  and  3d 

prizes. 
Stallion  and  four  Mares,  three  years  old  or  over,  ist  prize. 
Stallion  and  four  Mares,  under  three  years,  ist  prize. 
Stallion  and  four  ]Mares,  all  two  years  old  or  over,  bred  by  Ex.,  ist  prize. 
Gelding,  three  years  and  under  four,  ist  prize. 


Division  A.,  Class  4. — German  Coach. 

Oltmanns  Bros.,  Watseka,  111. 

Stallion,  four  years  old  or  over,  4th  prize. 

Stallion,  three  years  and  under  four,  ist  prize. 

Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three,  3d  prize. 

Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two,  2d  prize. 

Stallion,  under  one  year,  2d  and  3d  prizes. 

Mare,  four  years  old  or  over,  2d  and  4th  prizes. 

Mare,  three  years  and  under  four,  ist  and  4th  prizes. 

Mare,  two  years  and  under  three,  3d  prize. 

Mare,  one  year  and  under  two,  2d  and  5th  prizes. 

Mare,  under  one  year,  3d  prize. 

Four  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  get  of  one  sire,  4th  and  5th  prizes. 

Two  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  produce  of  one  mare,  ist  prize. 

Stallion  and  four  Mares,  three  years  old  of  over,  ist  prize. 

Stallion  and  four  Mares,  under  three  years,  2d  prize. 

Stallion  and  four  Mares,  all  two  years  old  or  over,  bred  by  Ex.,  ist  prize. 

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Report  of  the   Illinois  Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

Gelding,  four  years  old  or  over,  ist  and  ad  prizes. 
Mare,  four  years  old  or  over,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 
Mare,  two  years  and  under  three,  2d  and  3d  prizes. 


Division  A.,  Class  5. — English  Coach. 

Robert  Burgess  &  Son,  V/enona,  111. 

Stallion,  four  years  old  or  over,  ist  and  4th  prizes. 
Stallion,  three  years  and  under  four,  ist  prize. 
Stallion,  three  years  old  or  over,  champion,  ist  prize. 
Stallion,  any  age,  grand  champion,  ist  prize. 

Division  A.,  Class  6. — Hackney. 

Robert  Burgess  &  Son,  Wenona,  111. 

Stallion,  four  years  old  or  over,  2d  prize. 

Truman's  Pioneer  Stud  Farm,  J-  G.  Truman,  Prop.,  Bushnell,  111. 
Stallion,  four  years  old  or  over,  5th  prize. 
Stallion,  three  years  and  under  four,  ist  prize. 

Division  A.,  Class  7. — Morgan. 

The  Morgan  Horse  Company,  Carpentersville,  111. 
Stallion,  four  years  old  or  over,  5th  prize. 
Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two,  5th  prize. 
Mare,  four  years  old  or  over,  2d  prize. 
Mare,  one  year  and  under  two,  5th  prize. 
Mare,  under  one  year,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 

Four  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  get  of  one  sire,  4tt  p''ize. 
Two  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  produce  of  one  mare,  4th  prize. 
Stallion  and  four  Mares,  three  years  old  or  over,  4th  prize. 
Stallion  and  four  Mares,  under  three  years,  4th  prize. 

J.  C.  Brunk,  Rochester,  111. 

Stallion,  four  years  old  or  over,  4th  prize. 

Stallion,  three  years  and  imder  four,  ist  prize. 

Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three,  3d  prize. 

Mare,  four  years  old  or  over,  ist  prize. 

Mare,  three  years  and  under  four,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 

Mare,  two  years  and  under  three,  4th  prize. 

Mare,  three  years  old  or  over,  champion,  ist  prize. 

Mare,  any  age,  grand  champion,  ist  prize. 

Four  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  get  of  one  sire,  3d  prize. 

Two  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  produce  of  one  mare,  2d  prize. 

Stallion  and  four  Mares,  three  years  old  or  over,  2d  prize. 

Stallion  and  four  Mares,  under  three  years,  2d  prize. 

Mare,  four  years  old  or  over,  ist  prize. 

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Report  of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 


Division  A.,  Class  4. — Gcnnan  Coach. 

Gebh.  Oltmanns,  Watseka,  111. 

Two  animals  of  either  sex,  any  aj;c,  jjroduce  of  one  mare,  3d  prize. 
Gelding,  four  years  old  or  over,  3(1  prize. 


Division  A.,  Class  7. — Morgan. 

C.  F.  Dewey,  Amboy,  111. 

Stallion,  four  years  old  or  over,  3d  prize. 

Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two,  2d  prize. 

Stallion,  under  one  year,  ist  prize. 

Mare,  two  years  and  under  three,  3d  prize. 

IMare,  one  year  and  under  two,  ist  prize. 

Mare,  two  years  old  or  under,  ist  prize. 

Four  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  get  of  one  sire,  5th  prize. 


Division  A.,  Class  8. — SachUc. 

Ed.  Hodgson,  El  Paso,  III. 

Stallion,  four  years  old  or  over,  4th  prize. 

John  A.  Ayers,  Jacksonville,  111. 

Stallion,  four  years  old  or  over,  3d  prize. 

StalHon,  one  year  and  under  two,  5th  prize. 

Mare,  three  years  and  under  four.  5th  prize. 

Four  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  get  of  one  sire,  5th  prize. 

Mare,  two  years  and  under  three,  5th  prize. 

Fred  R.  Cravens,  Pisgah,  111. 

Stallion,  three  years  and  under  four.  4th  prize. 

Fred  Recoe,  Litchfield,  111. 

Gelding,  three  years  and  under  four,  3d  prize. 

J.  M.  Denton,  Bloomington,  111. 

Mare,  four  years  old  or  over,  2d  prize. 
Mare,  four  years  old  or  over.  4th  prize. 


Division  A.,  Class  9. — Shetland  Ponies. 

Chas.  E.  Bunn,  Peoria,  111. 

Stallion,  four  years  old  or  over,  2d  and  3d  prizes. 
Stallion,  three  years  and  under  four,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 
Stalhon,  two  years  and  under  three,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 
Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 

Ill 


Report  of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

Stallion,  under  one  year,  2d  and  3d  prizes. 

Mare,  four  years  old  or  over,  ist  and  3d  prizes. 

Mare,  three  years  and  imder  four,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 

Mare,  two  years  and  under  three,  ist  and  3d  prizes. 

Mare,  one  year  and  under  two,  ist  and  3d  prizes. 

Mare,  under  one  year,  2d  and  4th  prizes. 

Stallion,  three  years  old  or  over,  champion,  ist  prize. 

Stallion,  any  age,  grand  champion,  ist  prize. 

Mare,  three  years  old  or  over,  champion,  ist  prize. 

Mare,  two  years  old  or  under,  ist  prize. 

]\Iare,  any  age,  grand  champion,  ist  prize. 

Four  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  get  of  one  sire,  ist  and  3d  prizes. 

Two  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  produce  of  one  mare,  ist  and  2d 

prizes. 
Stallion  and  four  Mares,  three  years  old  or  over,  ist  and  3d  prizes. 
Stallion  and  four  Mares,  under  three  years,  ist  and  3d  prizes. 
Stallion  and  four  Mares,  all  two  years  old  or  over,  bred  by  Ex.,  ist  prize. 

Geo.  a.  Heyl,  Washington,  111. 

Stallion,  four  years  old  or  over,  ist  and  4th  prizes. 
Stallion,  three  years  and  under  four,  3d  and  4th  prizes. 
Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three,  2d  and  3d  prizes. 
Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two,  3d  prize. 
Stallion,  under  one  year,  ist  and  4th  prizes. 
Mare,  four  years  old  or  over,  2d  and  4th  prizes. 
Mare,  three  years  and  under  four,  3d  and  4th  prizes. 
Mare,  two  years  and  under  three,  2d  and  4th  prizes. 
Mare,  one  year  and  under  two,  2d  prize. 
Mare,  under  one  year,  ist  and  3d  prizes. 
Stallion,  two  years  and  under,  champion,  ist  prize. 
Stallion  and  four  Mares,  three  years  old  or  over,  2d  prize. 
Stallion  and  four  Mares,  under  three  years,  2d  prize. 


Division  A.,  Class  ii. — French  Draft. 

Dan  Augustine,  Carlock,  111. 

Stallion,  four  years  old  or  over,  ist  prize. 

Robert  Burgess  &  Son,  Wenona,  111. 

Stallion,  four  years  old  or  over,  5th  prize. 
Stallion,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  ist  and  5th  prizes. 
Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three,  2d  and  4th  prizes. 
Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two,  4th  prize. 
Stallion,  three  years  old  or  over,  ist  prize. 
Stallion,  any  age,  ist  prize,  champion. 

Two  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  produce  of  one  mare,  2d  and  3d 
prizes. 

112 


\ 


Report  of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

Ed.  Hodgson,  El  Paso,  111. 

Stallion,  four  years  old  or  over,  2d  prize. 

Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three,  5th  prize. 

Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two,  3d  prize. 

Stallion,  under  one  year,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 

Mare,  four  years  old  or  over,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 

Mare,  three  years  and  under  four,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 

j\Iare,  two  years  and  under  three,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 

Mare,  one  year  and  under  two,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 

Mare,  under  one  year,  ist  prize. 

Mare,  three  years  old  or  over,  champion,  ist  prize. 

Mare,  two  years  or  under,  1st  prize. 

Mare,  any  age,  grand  champion,  ist  prize. 

Four  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  get  of  one  sire,  2d  prize. 

Two  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  produce  of  one  mare,  4th  prize. 

Stallion  and  four  Mares,  three  years  old  or  over,  ist  prize. 

Stallion  and  four  Mares,  under  three  years,  ist  prize. 

Stallion  and  four  Mares,  all  two  years  old  or  over,  bred  by  Ex.,  ist  prize. 

Stallion,  three  years  and  under  four,  3d  prize. 

Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two,  2d  prize. 


Division  A.,  Class  12. — Clydesdale. 

T.  L.  WiBARY,  Tremont,  111. 

Stallion,  three  years  and  under  four,  ist  prize. 

Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three,  4th  prize. 

Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two,  2d  prize. 

Stallion,  under  one  year,  ist  prize. 

Mare,  four  years  old  or  over,  2d  and  5th  prizes. 

Mare,  three  years  and  under  four,  2d  and  5th  prizes. 

Mare,  two  years  and  under  three,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 

Mare,  one  year  and  under  two,  2d  prize. 

Mare,  under  one  year,  ist  prize. 

Stallion,  three  years  old  or  over,  champion,  ist  prize. 

Mare,  two  years  or  under,  champion,  ist  prize. 

Stallion,  any  age,  grand  champion,  ist  prize. 

Two  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  produce  of  one  mare.  2d  and  5th 

prizes. 
Stallion  and  four  ]\Iares,  three  years  old  or  over,  2d  and  5th  prizes. 
Stallion  and  four  IMares,  under  three  years,  ist  prize. 
Mare,  four  years  old  or  over,  ist  prize. 

A.   D.    SODERBERG,  OsCO,   111. 

Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three,  3d  prize. 
Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two,  3d  prize. 
Stallion,  imder  one  year,  3d  prize. 
Mare,  four  years  old  or  over,  4th  prize. 
Mare,  three  years  and  luider  four.  3d  prize. 

«  113 


Report  of  the  Illinois  Commission  to   the  Louisiana   Purchase  ExDOsition 

Mare,  two  years  and  under  three,  3d  prize. 


I 


Mare,  one  year  and  under  two,  3d  and  4th  prizes.  1 

Mare,  under  one  year,  4th  prize. 

Four  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  produce  of  one  mare,  2d  prize. 

Stallion  and  four  Mares,  under  three  years,  2d  prize. 

Mare,  three  years  and  under  four,  1st  prize. 

A.  V.  BiEDENFELD^  DanviUe,  III. 

Mare,  one  year  and  under  two,  ist  prize. 

Two  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  produce  of  one  mare,  4th  prize. 

Ed.  Hodgson,  El  Paso,  111. 

Stallion,  four  years  old  or  over,  2d  prize. 
Mare,  under  one  3'ear,  2d  prize. 


Division  A.,  Class  13. — Shire. 

Robert  Burgess  and  Thos.  Burgess,  Wenona,  111. 
Stallion,  four  years  old  or  over,  5th  prize. 
Stallion,  three  years  and  under  four,  4th  prize. 

Robert  Burgess  &  Son,  Wenona,  111. 

Stallion,  four  years  old  or  over,  ist  prize. 
Stallion,  three  years  and  under  four,  3d  prize. 
Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two,  2d  and  4th  prizes. 
Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two,  2d  and  4th  prizes. 
Stallion,  three  years  old  or  over,  champion,  ist  prize. 
Stallion,  any  age,  grand  champion,  ist  prize. 

Truman  Bros.,  Bushnell,  111. 

Stallion,  four  years  old  or  over,  3d  prize. 

Stallion,  three  years  and  under  four,  ist  and  5th  prizes. 

Truman's  Pioneer  Stud  Farm,  Bushnell,  111. 

Stallion,  four  years  old  or  over,  2d  and  4th  prizes. 

Stallion  two  years  and  under  three,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 

Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two,  3d  prize. 

Mare,  four  years  old  or  over,  ist  and  3d  prizes. 

Mare,  three  years  and  under  four,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 

Mare,  two  years  and  under  three,  3d  and  4th  prizes. 

Stallion,  two  years  or  under,  champion,  ist  prize. 

Mare,  three  years  old  or  over,  champion,  ist  prize. 

Mare,  any  age,  grand  champion,  ist  prize. 

Four  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  get  of  one  sire,  ist  and  3d  prizes. 

Two  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  produce  of  one  mare,  ist  and  4th 

prizes. 
Stallion  and  four  Mares,  three  years  old  or  over,  ist  prize. 

114 


Report  of  the   Illinois  Commission   to   the  Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

F.  M.  MouNTjOY,  Atlanta,  111. 

Stallion,  three  years  and  under  four,  2d  prize. 

Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two,  5th  prize. 

Mare,  four  years  old  or  over,  5tli  prize. 

Mare,  two  years  and  under  three,  ist  prize. 

INIare,  one  year  and  under  two,  3d  prize. 

Four  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  get  of  one  sire,  2d  prize. 

Two  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  produce  of  one  mare,  2d  prize. 

Mare,  any  age,  grand  champion,  ist  prize. 

Geo.  Warner,  Mahomet,  111. 

Stallion,  under  one  year,  ist  prize. 

Mare,  one  year  and  under  two,  4th  prize. 

Mare,  under  one  year,  2d  prize. 

Two  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  produce  of  one  mare,  5th  prize. 

A.  G.  SODERBERG,  OSCO,  111. 

Mare,  two  years  and  under  three.  2d  prize. 
Mare,  one  year  and  under  two,  2d  prize. 


Division  A.,  Class  18. — Mules. 

M.  D.  Pendleton,  Son  &  Co.,  National  Stock  Yards,  111. 
Single  Mule,  14  and  under  15  hands,  3d  prize. 
Pair  of  Mules,  14  and  under  15  hands,  to  wagon,  3d  prize. 


Division  A.,  Class  20. — Roadsters. 

Tiios.  Wilson,  Pleasant  Plains,  111. 

Pair  of  Mares  or  Geldings   (trotters),  four  years  old  or  over,  to  road 

wagon,  1st  prize. 
Pair  of  Mares  or  Geldings   (trotters),  three  years  old  and  under  four, 

to  road  wagon,  ist  prize. 
Single  Mare  or  Gelding  (trotter),  four  years  old  or  over,  to  road  wagon 

or  buggy,  2d  and  3d  prizes. 
Single  Mare  or  Gelding  (trotter),  three  years  old  and  under  four,  to  road 

wagon  or  buggy,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 
Pacer,   Mare  or  Gelding,  three  years  old  or  over,  to  road  wagon,  2d 

prize. 
Pair  of  Mares  or  Geldings  (trotters),  any  age,  to  road  wagon,  champion, 

1st  prize. 

Crum  &  Crum,  Literberry,  III. 

Pair  of  Mares  or  Geldings  (trotters),  three  years  old  and  under  four, 
to  road  wagon,  2d  prize. 

lis 


Report  of  the   Illinois  Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

Archie  Mains,  Virginia,  111. 

Single  Mare  or  Gelding  (trotter),  four  years  old  or  over,  to  road  wagon 
or  buggy,  1st  prize. 

Single  Mare  or  Gelding   (trotter),  any  age,  to  road  wagon  or  buggy, 
champion,  ist  prize. 

J.  R.  Peak  &  Son,  Winchester,  111. 

Pair  of  Mares  or  Geldings   (trotters),  four  years  old  or  over,  to  road 

wagon,  3d  prize. 
Pair  of  Mares  or  Geldings    (trotters),  three  years  old  or  under  four, 

to  road  wagon,  3d  prize. 
Mare  or  Gelding  for  brougham.  15  13  hands  or  over,  2d  prize. 
Pair  of  Mares  or  Geldings  for  coach,  landau  or  victoria,  16  hands  or 

over,  2d  prize. 
Family  Mare  or  Gelding,  15:3  hands  or  over,  ist  prize. 
Single  Mare  or  Gelding  (trotter),  four  years  old  or  over,  to  road  wagon 

or  buggy,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 
Mare  or  Gelding  (pacer),  three  years  old  or  over,  to  road  wagon,  ist 

prize. 


Division  A.,  Class  21. — Harness  Horses. 

J.  S.  Bratton,  East  St.  Louis,  111. 

Four-in-hand  team    (Mares  or  Geldings),  to  coach  or  body  break,   ist 

prize. 
Mare  or  Gelding  for  runabout,  14:2  and  not  exceeding  15:2  hands,  2d 

prize. 
Mare  or  Gelding,  15  and  not  exceeding  15  :3  hands,  3d  prize. 

Pair  of  Mares  or  Geldings,  15  and  not  exceeding  15:3  hands,  ist  prize. 

Four-in-hand  team    (Mares  or  Geldings),  to  coach  or  body  break,   ist 

prize. 
Mare  or  Gelding  for  brougham,  15:3  hands  or  over,  2d  prize. 
Pair  of  Mares  or  Geldings  for  brougham  or  victoria,  15  :2  hands  or  over, 

1st  prize. 
Family  Mare  or  Gelding,  15:3  hands  or  over,  3d  prize. 

Joseph  C.  Brunk,  Rochester,  111. 

Mare  or  Gelding  over  14:1  and  under  15  hands,  2d  prize. 

Pair  of  Mares  or  Geldings  over  14:1  or  under  15  hands.  3d  prize. 

Oltmanns  Bros.,  Watseka,  111. 

Mare  or  Gelding,  15  and  not  exceeding  15:3  hands,  ist  and  3d  prizes. 
Pair  of  Mares  or  Geldings  for  coach,  landau  or  victoria,  16  hands  or 

over,  1st  and  3d  prizes. 
Mare  or  Gelding  over  14:1  and  under  15  hands,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 
Mare  or  Gelding  15  and  not  exceeding  15:3  hands,  2d  prize. 

Thos.  Wilson,  Pleasant  Plains,  111. 

Family  Mare  or  Gelding,  15  :3  hands  or  over,  2d  and  3d  prizes. 

116 


Report  of  the   Illinois  Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

Archie  Mains,  Virginia,  111. 

Mare  or  Gelding-,  over  14:1  and  under  15  hands,  ist  prize. 

Oltmanns  Bros.,  Watseka,  111. 

Pair  of  Mares  or  Geldings,  15  and  not  exceeding  15:3  hands,  ist  prize. 

J.  R.  Peak  &  Son,  Winchester,  111. 

Pair  of  INIares  or  Geldings  over  14:1  and  under  15  hands,  2d  prize. 
Pair  of  Mares  or  Geldings  for  brougham  or  victoria.  14:2  hands  or  over, 
3d  prize. 


Division  A.,  Class  22. — Ponies  in  Harness. 

Geo.  a.  Heyl,  Washington,  111. 
Pony  in  harness,  3d  prize. 
Pair  of  Ponies  in  harness,  2d  prize. 
Four-in-hand  team  in  harness.  2d  prize. 

Chas.  E.  Bunn,  Peoria,  111. 

Pony  in  harness,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 

Pair  of  Ponies  in  harness,  ist  and  3d  prizes. 

Four-in-hand  team  in  harness,  ist  prize. 

Mrs.  a.  L.  Bunx,  Peoria,  111. 

Pony  under  12  hands  in  harness,  2d  and  3d  prizes. 

Pony  13  and  not  exceeding  14  hands  in  harness,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 

Pair  of  Ponies  under  12  hands  in  harness,  ist  prize. 

Pair  of  Ponies  12  and  not  exceeding  13  hands  in  harness,  ist  prize. 

Pair  of  Ponies,  13  and  not  exceeding  14  hands  in  harness,  ist  prize. 

Ias.  S.  Bratton,  East  St.  Louis,  111. 

Pony  12  and  not  exceeding  13  hands  in  harness,  ist  prize. 


Division  A.,  Class  23. — Business  Horses. 

Truman's  Pioneer  Stud  Farm,  Bushnell,  111. 

Single  Mare  or  Gelding  weighing  over   1,700  lbs.,  to  cart,  2d  and  3d 

prizes. 
Pair  of  horses  weighing  over  3.500  lbs.  to  wagon  or  truck,  2d  prize. 

Geo.  Warner,  Mahomet,  111. 

Pair  of  horses  weighing  over  3.500  lbs.,  to  wagon  or  truck,  3d  prize. 

Oltmanns  Bros.,  Watseka.  111. 

Single  Mare  or  Gelding  not  exceeding  1,200  lbs.,  to  light  single  delivery 
outfit.  3d  prize. 

117 


Report  of  the   Illinois  Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase  Exposition 


Division  A.,  Class  24. — Horses  of  Commerce. 

Thos.  Wilson,  Pleasant  Plains,  111. 
Coach  horse,  3d  prize. 

Archie  Mains,  Virginia,  111. 
Roadster,  3d  prize. 

J.  R.  Peak  &  Son,  Winchester,  111. 
Artillery  horse,  3d  prize. 

Truman's  Pioneer  Stud  Farm,  Bushnell,  111. 
Draft  horse,  2d  prize. 


CATTLE 


Division  B.,  Class  25. — Shorthorns. 

J.  F.  &  J.  W.  Prather,  Williamsville,  111. 

Bull,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  2d  prize. 

H.  J.  Sconce,  Sidell,  111. 

Steer  or  Spayed  Heifer,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 
Steer  or  Spayed  Heifer,  eighteen   and  under  twenty-four  months,   ist 

and  2d  prizes. 
Steer  or  Spayed  Heifer,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  ist  and  3d  prizes 
Steer  or  Spayed  Heifer,  any  age,  champion,  ist  prize. 


Division  B.,  Class  26. — Herefords. 

H.  J.  Fluck,  Goodenow,  111. 

Steer  or  Spayed  Heifer,  2  years  old  and  under  three,  ist  prize. 
Steer  or  Spayed  Heifer,  18  and  under  24  months,  ist  prize. 
Steer  or  Spayed  Heifer,  any  age,  champion,  ist  prize. 
Steer  or  Spayed  Heifer,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  ist  prize. 

A.  R.  Haven,  Greenfield,  111. 

Steer  or  Spayed  Heifer,  18  and  under  24  months,  3d  prize. 


Division  B.,  Class  27. — Aberdeen- Angus. 

C.  H.  Gardner,  Blandinsville,  111. 

Bull,  twelve  and  under  eighteen  months,  ist  prize. 
Bull,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  2d  prize. 
Bull,  under  two  years,  champion,  ist  prize. 

118 


Report  of  the  Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

M.  A.  Judy,  Beecher,  111. 

Bull,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  5th  prize. 

Steer  or  Spayed  Heifer,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  2d  prize. 

Steer  or  Spayed  Heifer,  eighteen  and  under  twenty-four  months,  2d  and 

3d  prizes. 
Steer  or  Spayed  Heifer,  twelve  and  under  eighteen  months,  3d  prize. 

M.  P.  &  S.  E.  Lantz,  Carlock,  111. 

Bull,  two  years  and  under  three,  3d  prize. 

Bull,  eighteen  and  under  twenty-four  months,  2d  prize. 

Bull,  under  two  years  old,  two  heifers,  one  year  and  under  two,  and  two 

heifers,  under  one  year,  3d  prize. 
Four  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  get  of  one  sire,  3d  prize. 
Two  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  produce  of  one  cow,  2d  prize. 
Steer  or  Spayed  Heifer,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  ist  prize. 
Steer  or  Spayed  Heifer,  twelve  and  under  eighteen  months,  ist  prize. 
Steer  or  Spayed  Heifer,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  2d  prize. 
Heifer,  twelve  and  under  eighteen  months,  ist  and  3d  prizes. 

S.  Melvin,  Greenfield,  111. 

Steer  or   Spayed  Heifer,   eighteen   and  under  twenty-four  months,  2d 
prize. 

E.  Reynolds  &  Son,  Prophetstown,  111. 

Bull,  eighteen  and  under  twenty-four  months,  4th  prize. 

Heifer,  under  six  months,  4th  prize. 

Steer  or  Spayed  Heifer,  twelve  and  under  eighteen  months,  2d  prize. 

J.  O.  Strubinger,  El  Dara,  111. 

Bull,  three  years  old  or  over,  2d  prize. 

Bull,  under  six  months,  4th  prize. 

Heifer,  twelve  and  under  eighteen  months,  2d  prize. 

Steer  or  Spayed  Heifer,  twelve  and  under  eighteen  months,  2d  prize. 


Division  B.,  Class  28. — Gallozvays. 

Fred  T.  Davis,  Mendota,  111. 

Steer  or  Spayed  Heifer,  tw-o  years  old  and  under  three,  ist  prize. 

O.  H.  SwiGART,  Champaign,  111. 

Bull,  three  years  old  or  over,  3d  prize. 

Bull,  twelve  and  under  eighteen  months,  2d  prize. 

Bull,  under  six  months,  3d  and  4th  prizes. 

Heifer,  two  years  and  under  three,  2d  and  3d  prizes. 

Heifer,  two  years  and  under  three,  2d  and  3d  prizes. 

Heifer,  twelve  and  under  eighteen  months,  ist  and  3d  prizes. 

Heifer,  under  six  months,  ist  prize. 

Heifer,  under  two  years,  champion,  ist  prize. 

119 


Report  of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

Bull,  two  years  old  or  over;  Cow,  three  years  or  over;  Heifer,  two  years 

and  under  three;  Heifer,  one  year  and  under  two,  and  Heifer,  under 

one  year,  grand  champion,  3d  prize. 
Bull,  under  two  years ;  two  Heifers,  one  year  and  under  two,  and  two 

Heifers,  under  one  year,  young  herds,  2d  prize. 
Bull,  two  years  old  or  over;  Cow,  three  years  or  over;  Heifer,  two  years 

and  under  three;  Heifer,  one  year  and  under  two,  and  Heifer,  under 

one  year,  females  to  be  of  exhibitor's  breeding,  ist  prize. 
Four  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  get  of  one  sire,  ist  prize.   • 
Two  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  produce  of  one  cow,  ist  and  4th 

prizes. 
Steer  or  Spayed  Heifer,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  ist  prize. 
Steer  or  Spayed  Heifer,  twelve  and  under  eighteen  months,  ist  and  2d 

prizes. 
Steer  or  Spayed  Heifer,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  ist  prize. 
Steer  or  Spayed  Heifer,  under  six  months,  ist  prize. 
Steer  or  Spayed  Heifer,  any  age,  champion,  ist  prize. 
Steer  or  Spayed  Heifer,  eighteen   and  under  twenty-four  months,    ist 

prize. 
Steer  or  Spayed  'Heifer,  twelve  and  under  eighteen  months,  ist  prize. 
Steer  or  Spayed  Heifer,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  ist  prize. 
Steer  or  Spayed  Heifer,  under  six  months. 
Steer  or  Spayed  Heifer,  any  age,  champion,  ist  prize. 


Division  B.,  Class  29. — Red  Polled. 

Borden  Stock  Farm,  Tonti,  111. 

Bull,  under  six  months,  3d  prize. 

Heifer,  eighteen  and  under  twenty-four  months.  5th  prize. 
Heifer,  twelve  and  under  eighteen  months,  3d  prize. 
Steer  or  Spayed  Heifer,  under  six  months,  2d  prize. 
Steer  or  Spayed  Heifer,  under  six  months,  ist  prize. 
Bull,  three  years  old  or  over,  4th  prize. 

J.  J.  Chambers,  Sadorus,  111. 

Bull,  three  years  old  or  over,  3d  prize. 

Bull,  two  years  and  under  three,  3d  and  4th  prizes. 

Bull,  twelve  and  under  eighteen  months,  2d  prize. 

Bull,  under  six  months,  ist  and  4th  prizes. 

Heifer,  two  years  and  under  three,  5th  prize. 

Heifer,  eighteen  and  under  twenty-four  months,  ist  prize. 

Heifer,  twelve  and  under  eighteen  months,  4th  prize. 

Heifer,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  4th  and  5th  prizes. 

Heifer,  under  two  years,  champion,  ist  prize. 

Cow  or  Heifer,  any  age,  grand  champion,  ist  prize. 

Bull,  two  years  old  or  over;  Cow,  three  years  or  over;  Heifer,  two  years 

and  under  three;  Heifer,  one  year  and  under  two,  and  Heifer,  under 

one  year,  4th  prize. 

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Report  of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

Bull,  under  two  years  old;  two  Heifers,  one  year  and  under  two,  and  two 

Heifers,  luider  one  year,  2d  prize. 
Four  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  get  of  one  sire,  2d  prize. 
Two  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  produce  of  one  cow,  5th  prize. 
Steer  or  Spayed  Heifer,  tw-o  years  old  and  under  three,  ist  prize. 
Steer  or  Spayed  Heifer,  tw'elve  and  under  eighteen  months,  ist  prize. 
Steer  or  Spayed  Heifer,  any  age,  champion,  ist  prize. 

J.  S.  Crowder  &  Son,  Bethany,  111. 

Bull,  three  years  old  or  over,  2d  prize. 

Bull,  tw'O  years  and  under  three,  5th  prize. 

Bull,  eighteen  and  under  twenty-four  months,  3d  prize. 

Bull,  twelve  and  under  eighteen  months,  4th  prize. 

Bull,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  ist  and  4th  prizes. 

Cow,  three  years  old  or  over,  2d  prize. 

Heifer,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  ist  prize. 

Heifer,  under  six  months,  4th  prize. 

Bull,  two  years  old  or  over;  Cow,  three  years  or  over;  Heifer,  two  years 

and  under  three;  Heifer,  one  year  and  under  two,  and  Heifer,  under 

one  year,  5th  prize. 
Bull,  under  two  years  old;  two  Heifers,  one  year  and  under  two,  and 

two  Heifers,  under  one  year,  4th  prize. 
Four  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  get  of  one  sire,  3d  prize. 
Two  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  produce  of  one  cow,  ist  prize. 
Steer  or  Spayed  Heifer,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  ist  prize. 
Steer  or   Spayed  Heifer,   eighteen  and  under  twenty-four  months,   ist 

prize. 
Steer  or  Spayed  Heifer,  twelve  and  under  eighteen  months,  ist  prize. 
Steer  or  Spayed  Heifer,  under  six  months,  ist  prize. 
Steer  or  Spayed  Heifer,  anv  ace.  chamnion,  ist  prize. 
Steer  or  Spayed  Heifer,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  2d  prize. 


Division  B.,  Class  30. — Dcz'oiis. 

\y.  E.  Davis,  Mendota,  111. 

Bull,  three  years  old  or  over,  2d  prize. 

Bull,  two  years  and  under  three,  ist  prize. 

Bull,  eighteen  and  under  twenty-four  months,  2d  prize. 

Bull,  under  six  months,  ist  prize. 

Cow,  three  years  old  or  over,  ist  and  3d  prizes. 

Heifer,  two  years  and  under  three,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 

Heifer,  eighteen  and  under  twenty-four  months,  ist  prize. 

Heifer,  under  six  months,  ist  prize. 

Cow,  two  years  old  or  over,  champion,  ist  prize. 

Heifer,  under  two  years,  champion,  ist  prize. 

Cow  or  Heifer,  any  age,  grand  champion,  ist  prize. 

Bull,  two  years  old  or  over;   Cow,  three  years  or  over;   Fleifer,  two 

years  and  under  three;  Heifer,  one  year  and  under  two,  and  Heifer, 

under  one  year,  ist  prize. 

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Report  of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

Bull,  two  years  old  or  over;  Cow,  three  years  or  over;  Heifer,  two  years 
and  under  three;  Heifer,  one  year  and  under  two,  and  Heifer,  under 
one  year,  females  to  be  of  exhibitor's  breeding,  ist  prize. 

Four  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  get  of  one  sire,  ist  prize. 

Two  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  produce  of  one  cow,  ist  and  2d 
prizes. 

Steer  or  Spayed  Heifer,  eighteen  and  under  twenty-four  months,  ist 
prize. 

Steer  or  Spayed  Heifer,  any  age,  champion,  ist  prize. 


Division  B.,  Class  30. — Devons. 

J.  J.  Winn,  Utica,  111. 

Bull,  three  years  old  or  over,  ist  prize. 

Bull,  eighteen  and  under  twenty-four  months,  ist  prize. 

Cow,  three  years  old  or  over,  2d  prize. 

Bull,  two  years  old  or  over,  champion,  ist  prize. 

Bull,  under  two  years,  champion,  ist  prize. 

Bull,  any  age,  grand  champion,  ist  prize. 

J.  H.  Jennings,  Streator,  111. 

Bull,  three  years  old  or  over,  3d  prize. 

Bull,  under  six  months,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 

Cow,  three  years  old  or  over,  5th  prize. 

Heifer,  two  years  and  under  three,  2d  prize. 

Heifer,  twelve  and  under  eighteen  months,  5th  prize. 

Heifer,  under  six  months,  2d  prize. 

Bull,  two  years  old  or  over;  Cow,  three  years  or  over;  Heifer,  two  years 

and  under  three;  Heifer,  one  year  and  under  two,  and  Heifer,  under 

one  year,  3d  prize. 
Four  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  get  of  one  sire,  5th  prize. 


Division  B.,  Class  32. — Brozvn  Szviss. 

E.  M.  Barton,  Hinsdale,  111. 

Bull,  three  years  old  or  over,  2d  prize.  i 

Bull,  two  years  and  under  three,  4th  and  5th  prizes. 
Bull,  eighteen  and  under  twenty-four  months,  4th  prize. 
Bull,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  2d  prize. 
Bull,  under  six  months,  3d  and  5th  prizes. 
Cow,  three  years  old  or  over,  4th  prize. 
Heifer,  eighteen  and  under  twenty-four  months,  4th  prize. 
Heifer,  twelve  and  under  eighteen  months,   ist  prize. 
Heifer,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  5th  prize. 
Heifer,  under  six  months,  ist  and  4th  prizes. 

Bull,  two  years  old  or  over;  Cow,  three  years  or  over;  Heifer,  two  years 
and  under  three;  Heifer,  one  year  and  under  two,  and  Heifer,  under 
one  year,  3d  prize. 

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Report  of  the   Illinois  Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase  Exposition 

Bull,  under  two  years  old ;  two  Heifers,  one  year  and  under  two,  and 

two  Heifers  under  one  year,  4th  prize. 
Four  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  produce  of  one  cow,  5th  prize. 


Division  B.,  Ci-ass  32. — Devons — Fat  Animal. 

H.  T-  Fluck,  Goodenow,  111. 

Steer  or  Spayed  Heifer,  champion  over  all,  ist  prize. 


Division  H.,  Class  255,  Eastern  District. 
Car  Lot  Cattle  Grain  Fed. 

L.  H.  Kerrick,  Bloomington,  111.,  2d  prize. 


SHEEP 


Division  C,  Class  46. — Shropshire. 

R.  J.  Stone,  Stonington,  111. 

Wether,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  3d  prize. 


Division  C,  Class  47. — Cotszvold. 

Lewis  Brothers,  Camp  Point,  111. 

Ram,  two  years  old  or  over,  3d  prize. 

Ram,  eighteen  and  under  twenty-four  months,  3d  prize. 

Ram,  twelve  and  under  eighteen  months,  ist  prize. 

Ram,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  ist  and  5th  prizes. 

Ram,  under  six  months,  ist  and  3d  prizes. 

Ewe,  two  years  old  or  over,  ist  prize. 

Ewe,  eighteen  and  under  twenty-four  months,  ist  prize. 

Ewe,  twelve  and  under  eighteen  months,  2d  and  3d  prizes. 

Ewe,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  2d  and  5th  prizes. 

Ewe,  under  six  months,  2d  and  4th  prizes. 

Ram,  one  year  old  or  over,  champion,  ist  prize. 

Ram,  under  twelve  months,  champion,  ist  prize. 

Ram,  any  age,  grand  champion,  ist  prize. 

Ewe,  one  year  old  or  over,  champion,  ist  prize. 

Ewe,  any  age,  grand  champion,  ist  prize. 

Four  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  get  of  one  sire,  ist  prize. 

Two  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  produce  of  one  ewe,  5th  prize. 

Ram  and  three  Ewes,  eighteen  months  old  or  over,  ist  prize. 

Ram  and  three  Ewes,  under  eighteen  months,  ist  and  4th  prizes. 

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Report  of  the   Illinois  Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

Division  C,  Class  48. — Oxford. 

R.  J.  Stone,  Stonington,  111. 

Ram,  eighteen  and  under  twenty- four  months,  1st  prize. 

Ram,  twelve  and  under  eighteen  months,  5th  prize. 

Ram,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  2d  prize. 

Ram,  under  six  months,  2d  and  5th  prizes. 

Ewe,  eighteen  and  twenty-four  months,  2d  prize. 

Elwe,  twelve  and  under  eighteen  months,  ist  prize. 

Ewe,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  ist  and  3d  prizes. 

Ewe,  under  six  months,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 

Ram,  one  year  old  or  over,  Champion,  ist  prize. 

Ewe,  under  twelve  months,  ist  prize. 

Ram,  any  age,  grand  champion,  ist  prize. 

Four  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  get  of  one  sire,  2d  prize. 

Two  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  produce  of  one  Ewe,  2d  and  5th 

prizes. 
Ram  and  three  Ewes,  eighteen  months  old  or  over,  2d  prize. 
Ram  and  three  Ewes,  under  eighteen  months,  2d  and  5th  prizes. 
Wether,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  ist  prize. 
Wether,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  3d  prize. 
Wether,  under  six  months,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 

Pen,  three -Wethers,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  ist  and  3d  prizes. 
Pen,  three  Wethers,  under  six  months,  ist  prize. 
Wether,  any  age,  champion,  ist  prize. 
Pen,  three  Wethers,  any  age,  champion,  ist  prize. 
Wether,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  3d  prize. 
Wether,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  ist  and  3d  prizes. 
Wether,  under  six  months,  3d  prize. 

Pen,  three  Wethers,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  2d  prize. 
Pen,  three  Wethers,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  2d  prize. 
Pen,  three  Wethers,  under  six  months,  2d  prize. 


Division  C,  Class  51. — Cheviot. 

M.  P.  &  S.  E.  Lantz,  Carlock,  111. 

Ram,  two  years  old  or  over,  3d  and  4th  prizes. 

Ram,  eighteen  and  under  twenty-four  months,  2d  prize. 

Ram,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 

Ram,  under  six  months,  2d  and  5th  prizes. 

Ewe,  two  years  old  or  over,  5th  prize. 

Ewe,  eighteen  and  under  tw^enty-four  months,  ist  and  4th  prizes. 

Ewe,  twelve  and  under  eighteen  months,  ist  and  5th  prizes. 

Ewe,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 

Ewe,  under  six  months,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 

Ram,  under  twelve  months,  champion,  ist  prize. 

124 


I 


Report  of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

Ewe,  under  twelve  months,  champion,  1st  prize. 

Four  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  get  of  one  sire,  ist  and  5th  prizes. 

Two  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  produce  of  one  Ewe,  2d  prize. 

Ram  and  three  Ewes,  eighteen  months  old  or  over,  4th  prize. 

Ram  and  three  Ewes,  under  eighteen  months,  ist  and  4th  prizes. 


Division  C,  Class  53. — Merino  A. — Wrinkly  Type. 

A.  S.  Peek,  Geneva,  111. 

Ram,  two  years  old  or  over,  3d  prize. 

Ewe,  two  years  old  or  over,  3d  and  4th  prizes. 

Ewe,  twelve  and  under  eighteen  months,  4th  prize. 

Four  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  get  of  one  sire,  3d  prize. 

Ram  and  three  Ewes,  eighteen  months  old  or  over,  4th  prize. 

E.  Peek  &  Sons,  Geneva,  111. 

Ram,  eighteen  and  under  twenty-four  months,  ist  prize. 

Ram,  under  six  months,  ist  prize. 

Ewe,  eighteen  and  under  twenty-four  months,  4th  prize. 

Ram,  under  twelve  months,  champion,  ist  prize. 

Ram  and  three  Ewes,  eighteen  months  old  or  over,  3d  prize. 

Ram  and  three  Ewes,  under  eighteen  months,  3d  prize. 


Division  C,  Class  59. — Suffolk. 

S.  Melvin,  Greenfield,  111. 

Flock  of  Suffolk  Sheep,  not  less  than  five  head,  consisting  of  Ram  and 
four  Ewes,  any  age,  3d  prize. 


SWINE 


Division  D.,  Class  64. — Poland-China. 

Ira  E.  &  S.  L.  Bryan,  Ohio,  111. 

Sow,  two  years  old  or  over,  3(1  prize. 

Sow%  eighteen  and  under  twenty-four  months,  4th  prize. 

J.  A.  Funk,  Heyworth,  111. 

Boar,  twelve  and  under  eighteen  months,  4th  prize. 

C.  J.  Off,  Peoria.  111. 

Boar,  two  years  old  or  over,  ist  prize. 

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Report  of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase  Exposition 


Division  D.,  Class  65. — BerksJiires. 

C.  G.  Council,  Vandalia,  111. 

Boar,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  4th  prize. 

Pen,  three  Barrows,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  3d  prize.     . 

Barrow,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  2d  and  3d  prizes. 

Barrow,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  2d  and  3d  prizes. 

Barrow,  under  six  months,  2d  and  3d  prizes. 

Pen,  three  Barrows,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  2d  prize. 

Pen,  three  Barrows,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  ist  prize. 

Pen,  three  Barrows,  under  six  months,  2d  prize. 

Chas.  Council,  Vandalia,  111. 

Barrow,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  ist  prize. 

Barrow,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  ist  prize. 

Barrow,  under  six  months,  ist  prize. 

Pen,  three  Barrows,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  ist  and  3d  prizes. 

Pen,  three  Barrows,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  2d  and  3d  prizes. 

Pen,  three  Barrows,  under  six  months,  ist  and  3d  prizes. 

Barrow,  any  age,  champion,  ist  prize. 

Pen,  three  Barrows,  any  age,  champion,  ist  prize. 

A.  J.  LovEjoY,  Roscoe,  111. 

Boar,  two  years  old  or  over,  2d  prize. 


Division  D.,  Class  66. — Duroc-Jerseys. 

Edward  Aldrich,  Rosemond,  111. 

Barrow,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  2d  prize. 

Thos.  Bennet,  Roseville,  111. 

Boar,  eighteen  and  under  twenty-four  months,  2d  prize. 
Boar,  under  six  months,  4th  prize. 

C.  R.  Doty,  Charleston,  111. 

Barrow,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  ist  prize. 

Barrow,  under  six  months,  2d  and  3d  prizes. 

Pen,  three  Barrows,  under  six  months,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 

Barrow,  any  age,  champion,  ist  prize. 

Barrow,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  3d  prize. 

Barrow,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  3d  prize. 

Pen,  three  Barrows,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  2d  prize. 

Pen,  three  Barrows,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  2d  prize. 

Pen,  three  Barrows,  under  six  months,  2d  prize. 

M.  W.  Grier,  Rushville,  111. 

Pen,  three  Barrows,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  2d  prize. 

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Report  of  the   Illinois  Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase  Exposition 

George  W.  Sackman,  Ripley,  111. 

Boar,  eighteen  and  under  twenty-four  months,  ist  prize. 

Boar,  twelve  and  under  eighteen  months,  2d  prize. 

Boar,  under  six  months,  2d  prize. 

Boar,  one  year  old  or  over,  champion,  ist  prize. 

Boar,  any  age,  grand  champion,  ist  prize. 

Four  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  get  of  one  sire,  2d  prize. 

Boar  and  three  Sows,  under  one  year,  4th  prize. 

Geo.  W.  Trone,  Rushville,  111. 

Boar,  two  years  old  or  over,  3d  prize. 

Boar  and  three  Sows,  over  one  year  old,  5th  prize. 

Barrow,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 

Barrow,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 

Barrow,  under  six  months,  2d  and  3d  prizes. 

Pen,  three  Barrows,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  ist  prize. 

Pen,  three  Barrows,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  ist  prize. 

Pen,  three  Barrows,  under  six  months,  1st  prize. 

Barrow,  any  age,  champion,  ist  prize. 

Pen,  three  Barrows,  any  age.  champion,  ist  prize. 


Division  D.,  Class  67. — Chester  JVhite. 

J.  W.  Dorsey  &  Sons,  Perry,  111. 

Boar,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  3d  and  5th  prizes. 

Sow,  two  years  old  or  over,  3d  prize. 

Sow,  eighteen  and  under  twenty-four  months,  ist  prize. 

Sow,  twelve  and  under  eighteen  months,  3d  prize. 

Four  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  get  of  one  sire,  3d  prize. 

Boar  and  three  Sows,  over  one  year  old,  4th  prize. 

Boar  and  three  Sows,  under  one  year,  3d  prize. 

Barrow,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  2d  prize. 

Barrow,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  ist  prize. 

Barrow,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  3d  prize. 

Pen,  three  Barrows,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  2d  prize. 

Barrow,  any  age,  champion,  ist  prize. 

F.  E.  Bone,  Ava,  111. 

Boar,  eighteen  and  under  twenty-four  months,  4th  prize. 

Barrow,  under  six  months,  3d  prize. 

Pen,  three  Barrows,  under  six  months,  2d  prize. 

C.  R.  Doty,  Charleston,  111. 

Boar,  eighteen  and  under  twenty-four  months,  2d  prize. 
Sow,  eighteen  and  under  twenty-four  months,  5th  prize. 
Barrow,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  ist  prize. 
Pen,  three  Barrows,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  ist  prize. 
Pen,  three  Barrows,  under  six  months,  3d  prize. 

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Report  of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

Barrow,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  2d  and  3d  prizes. 

Barrow,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 

Barrow,  under  six  months,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 

Pen,  three  Barrows,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  ist  prize. 

Pen,  three  Barrows,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  ist  prize. 

Pen,  three  Barrows,  under  six  months,  ist  prize. 

Pen,  three  Barrows,  any  age,  champion,  ist  prize. 

Chas.  Griffith,  Woburn,  111. 

Sow,  six  and  under  twelve  months.  4th  prize. 
Sow,  under  six  months,  5th  prize. 


Division  D.,  Class  68. — Essex. 

M.  A.  Miller,  Belleville,  111. 

Boar,  two  years  old  or  over,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 

Boar,  eighteen  and  under  twenty- four  months,  ist  prize. 

Boar,  twelve  and  under  eighteen  months,  2d  and  4th  prizes. 

Boar,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 

Boar,  under  six  months,  4th  prize. 

Sow,  two  years  old  or  over,  4th  and  5th  prizes. 

Sow,  eighteen  and  under  twenty- four  months,  ist  and  3d  prizes. 

Sow,  twelve  and  under  eighteen  months,  ist  prize. 

Sow,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  2d  and  4th  prizes. 

Sow,  under  six  months,  3d  and  4th  prizes. 

Boar,  under  twelve  months,  champion,  ist  prize. 

Sow,  one  year  old  or  over,  champion,  ist  prize. 

Sow,  any  age,  grand  champion,  ist  prize. 

Four  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  get  of  one  sire,  2d  and  4th  prizes. 

Four  animals  of  either  sex,  any  age,  produce  of  one  sow,  ist  and  4th 

prizes. 
Boar  and  three  Sows,  over  one  year  old,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 
Boar  and  three  Sows,  under  one  year,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 
Boar  and  three  Sows,  one  year  old  or  over,  bred  bv  Ex.,  ist  prize. 
Barrow,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  ist  and  3d  prizes. 
Barrow,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  3d  prize. 
Barrow,  under  six  months,  2d  and  3d  prizes. 

Pen,  three  Barrows,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 
Pen,  three  Barrows,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  ist  and  3d  prizes. 
Pen,  three  Barrows,  under  six  months,  2d  and  3d  prizes. 
Pen,  three  Barrows,  any  age,  champions,  ist  prize. 
Barrow,  one  year  old  and  under  two.  ist  prize. 
Barrow,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  ist  and  3d  prizes. 
Barrow,  under  six  months,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 

Pen,  three  Barrows,  one  year  old  and  under  two.  2d  and  3d  prizes. 
Pen,  three  Barrows,  six  and  under  twelve  months,  ist  and  3d  prizes. 
Pen,  three  Barrows,  under  six  months,  ist  prize. 
Barrow,  any  age,  champion,  ist  prize. 

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Report  of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 


Division  D.,  Class  71-F. — Grand  Champion  Grade  Barrows,  by  Ages 

Geo.  W.  Trone  &  Sons,  Rushville,  111. 

Barrow,  champion  over  all  grades  and  ages,  ist  prize. 


Division  D.,  Class  72. — Victoria. 

Geo.  S.  Davis,  Jr.,  Chicago  Heights,  111. 

Herd  of  Victoria  Swine,  not  less  than  five  head,  consisting  of  Boar  and 
four  Sows,  any  age,  ist  and  4th  prizes. 

H.  Davis,  Chicago  Heights,  111. 

Herd  of  Victoria  Swine,  not  less  than  five  head,  consisting  of  Boar  and 
four  Sows,  any  age,  2d  and  3d  prizes. 


Division  D.,  Class  72-A. — Small  Yorkshire  or  Suffolk. 

Geo.  F.  Davis,  Jr.,  Chicago  Heights,  111. 

Herd  of  small  Yorkshire  or  Suffolk  Swine,  not  less  than  five  head,  con- 
sisting of  Boar  and  four  Sows,  any  age,  ist  prize. 

G.  F.  Davis,  Chicago  Heights,  111. 

Herd  of  small  Yorkshire  or  Suffolk  Swine,  not  less  than  five  head,  con- 
sisting of  Boar  and  four  Sows,  any  age,  2d  prize. 


Division  D.,  Class  72-B. — Hampshire. 

John  Goodwin,  Jr.,  Pontiac,  111. 

Herd  of  Hampshire  Swine,  not  less  than  five  head,  consisting  of  Boar 
and  four  Sows,  any  age,  ist  and  3d  prizes. 

E.  C.  Stone,  Armstrong,  111. 

Herd  of  Hampshire  Swine,  not  less  than  five  head,  consisting  of  Boar 
and  four  Sows,  any  age,  2d  and  4th  prizes. 


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Report  of   the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana    Purchase   Exposition 


POULTRY 


Dr'isiox  E. — American. 

Class  "jt,.  Sec.  6. — IJliitc  Plyiiioiifh  Rock. 
J.  H.  Duncan,  \\'illianisville.  111. — Cockerel,  ist  prize. 

Class  73,  Sec.  5. — Biiif  Plymouth  Rock. 
W.  E.  Russell,  Danville,  HI. — Hen,  2d  prize. 

Class  yi,.  Sec.  9. — Golden  U'yaudoffc. 
B.  F.  HisLOP,  Milford,  111. — ^Hen.  ist  and  3d  prizes. 

Class  73,  Sec.  8. — Buff  Wyandotte. 
H.  E.  Bates,  Galesburg,  111. — Cockerel,  3d  prize. 

Class  73,  Sec.  8. — Buff  JJ^yaudotte. 
AcKLEY  &  Page,  Woodstock,  111. — Cock,  ist  and  2d  prizes;  Hen.  3d  prize. 

Class  /T,.  Sec.  12. — JJdiitc  JJ'yandottc. 
Clement  &  Fike,  Libertyville,  111. — Cock,  2d  prize. 

Class  73,  Sec.  12. — JJliitr  JJ^yandottc. 
Emma  B.  Poultry  Farm,  Gurnee.  111. — Cockerel,  2d  prize. 

Class  73,  Sec.  10. — Silver  U^yaiidottc. 
A.  &  E.  Tarbox,  Yorkville,  111. — Hen.  3d  prize. 

Class  73,  Sec.  10. — Sihcr  JJ'yaiidottc. 

A.  C.  Laduc,  Chenoa,  111. — Cock,  ist  prize;  Cockerel,  2d  prize;  Breeding-  Pen, 
3d  prize. 

Class  73,  Sec.  2. — Black  .Tai'as. 

Herbert  Hodgson,  Albion,  111. — Cock,  2d  and  3d  prizes;  Cockerel,  2d  and  3d 
prizes;  Hen,  ist  and  3d  prizes;  Pullet,  ist.  2d  and  3d  prizes. 

Class  74.  Sec.  6. — JJliitc  CocJiiiis  (Asiatic). 
W.  O.  Swain,  Arlington,  111. — Hen,  2d  prize;  Pullet,  3d  prize, 

130 


Report  of   the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana    Purchase   Exposition 


ASIATIC. 

Class  74,  Sec.  6. — White  Cochins. 

F.  T.  Franklin,  Urbana.  111. — Cock,  ist  prize;  Cockerel,  3d  prize;  Hen,   ist 
prize;  Pullet,  ist  prize;  Breeding  pen,  ist  prize. 

Class  74,  Sec.  5. — Partridge  Cochins. 
Kline  &  Anderson,  Macon,  111. — Hen,  3d  prize ;  Breeding  pen,  2d  prize. 

Class  74,  Sec.  6. — Partridge  Cochins. 
Jas.  W.  Haworth,  Danville,  III. — Cock,  ist  prize;  Cock,  3d  prize. 

Class  74,  Sec.  4. — Bnff  Cochins. 
R.  L.  Leitch,  Rock  Falls,  111. — Cock,  3d  prize;  Hen,  3d  prize. 

Class  74,  Sec.  4. — -Buff  Cochins. 
Henry  J.  Jenner,  Pocahontas,  111. — Pullet,  3d  prize;  Breeding  pen,  2d  prize. 

Class  74,  Sec.  4. — Buff  Cochins. 

Gelder  &  Robertson,  Palmyra.  111. — ^Hen,   ist  and  2d  prizes;  Breeding  pen, 
3d  prize. 

Class  74,  Sec.  3. — Black  Cochins. 

R.  S.  Franklin,  Urbana,  111. — Cockerel,  3d  prize;  Pullet,  2d  prize;  Breeding 
pen,  1st  prize. 

Class  74,  Sec.  i. — Dark  Brahnias. 
W.  Berberich,  Elgin,  111. — Hen,  3d  prize. 

Class  74,  Sec.  7. — Black  Langshans. 
J.  H.  Murray,  Greenfield,  111. — Cockerel,  ist  prize. 

Class  74.  Sec.  7. — Black  Langshans. 
Gelder  &  Robertson,  Palmyra,  111. — Cock,  3d  prize. 

Class  74,  Sec.  7. — Black  Langshans. 

J.  F.  Bateman,  Waverly.  111. — Cock.  2d  prize;  Cockerel,  2d  prize;  Breeding 
pen,  2d  prize. 

MEDITERRANEAN. 

Class  78,  Sec.  2. — Andalusians. 
H.  HoDGREN,  Albion,  111. — Hen,  2d  prize;  Breeding  pen.  2d  prize. 

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Report  of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase  Exposition 

Class  78,  Sec.  4. — Rose  Comb  White  Leghorns. 
J.  A.  Leland,  Springfield.  111.- — Pullet,  3(1  prize. 

Class  78,  Sec.  4. — Rose  Comb  IThite  Leghorns. 

Rocky  River  Poultry  Co.,  Chicago,  111. — Cock,  ist  and  2d  prizes;  Cockerel, 
1st  prize;  Hen,  ist,  2d  and  3d  prizes;  Pullet,  ist  and  2d  prizes;  Breeding 
pen,  1st  and  2d  prizes. 

Class  78,  Sec.  6^. — Rose  Comb  Brozvn  Leghorns. 
Dr.  S.  M.  Reed,  Wyanet,  111. — Pullet,  ist  prize;  Pullet,  2d  prize. 

Class  78,  Sec.  9. — Minorcas. 
H.  Neiselbach,  Melrose  Park,  111. — Hen,  2d  prize;  Breeding  pen,  ist  prize. 

Class  78,  Sec.  ii. — White  Face  Bhick  Spanisli. 
Geoette  Bro.s.,  Springfield,  111. — Breeding  pen,  3d  prize. 

POLISH. 

Class  79,  Sec.  4. — White  Crested  Polish. 
Geo.  W.  Trent,  Ravenwood,  111. — Pullet,  2d  prize. 

Class  79,  Sec.  4. — White  Crested  Blaek  Polish. 
Homer  Bros.,  Carlinville,  111. — Cockerel,  2d  prize;  Hen,  3d  prize.    . 

Class  81. — Ga:mes. 

Sec.  I. — Birchen  Game. 

W.  H.  Thompson,  Collinsville,  111. 
Cock,  1st  prize. 

Sec.  2. — Black  Breasted  Red  Game. 
Cock,  1st  and  2d  prizes. 
Cockerel,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 
Hen,  2d  and  3d  prizes. 
Pullet.  1st  and  2d  prizes. 
Breeding  pen,  ist  prize. 

Sec.  4. — Broien  Red  Game. 
Cock,  2d  prize. 
Cockerel,  2d  prize.   . 
Hen,  1st  prize. 
Pullet,   1st  prize. 
Breeding  pen,  ist  prize. 

132 


Report  of   the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase  Exposition 

Sec.  5. — Golden  Duckzuing  Game. 
Cockerel,  2d  prize. 
Hen,  3d  prize. 
Pullet,  1st  prize. 

Sec.  6. — Silver  Diickzciiig  Game. 
Cock,  1st  and  2d  prizes. 
Cockerel,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 
Hen,  3d  prize. 
Pullet.  1st  and  2d  prizes. 
Breeding  pen.  ist  prize. 

Sec.  7. — Red  Pyle  Game. 
Pullet.  2d  prize. 

Class  82. — Game  Bantams. 

Sec.  I. — Birchen  Game  Bantam. 
J.  Banks,  Collinsville,  111. 

Cockerel,  2d  prize. 
Hen,  3d  prize. 

Class  79,  Sec.  4. — Golden  Duckioing  Game  Bantams. 
Cockerel,  3d  prize. 
Pullet,  3d  prize. 

Class  82,  Sec.  3. — Blach  Breasted  Red  Game  Bantams. 

R.  R.  A'oRiES,  Peoria,  111. 

Cock.  1st  prize. 
Cockerel,  ist  prize. 
Hen,  1st  prize. 
Pullet,  1st  prize. 

Sec.  5. — Silver  Duckzuing  Game  Bantams. 
Cock,  1st  prize. 
Pullet,  ist  prize. 
Pullet,  3d  prize. 

Sec.  6. — Red  Pyle  Game  Bantams. 
Cock,  1st  prize. 
Cockerel,  ist  and  2d  prizes. 
Hen,  1st  and  3d  prizes. 
Pullet,  1st  prize. 

Class  83. — Oriental  Game  and  Game  Bantams. 

Sec.  2. — White  Indian  Game. 
W.  S.  Templeton,  Dakota.  111. 

Cock,  1st  and  3d  prizes. 
Cockerel,  ist  and  3d  prizes. 
Hen,  2d  and  3d  prizes. 
Pullet,  1st  and  2nd  prizes. 
Breeding  pen,  ist  prize. 
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Report  of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 


Class  84. — ^Miscellaneous  Fowls. 

Sec.  4.- — Suinatras  (Black). 
W.  H.  Thompson,  Collinsville,  111. 

Cockerel,  ist  and  3d  prizes. 
Pullet,  2d  and  3d  prizes. 

Class  85. — Turkeys. 

Sec.  2. — Bronze  Turkeys. 
B.  F.  HisLOP,  Milford,  111. 

Cockerel,    ist  prize. 
Hen,  1st  prize. 

Sec.  5. — Uliite  Holland  Turkeys. 
Thos.  Vane,  Princeton,  111. 

Cockerel,  ist  prize. 

Sec.  5. — JJ'hite  Holland  Turkeys. 
Paul  Woods,  Carlinville,  111. 
Cock,  2d  prize. 
Hen,  3d  prize. 
Pullet,  1st  prize. 

Class  86. — Ducks.  —  Sec.  9. — Pekiu  Ducks. 

Theo.  Ambrosius,  Carlinville,  111. 
Cock,  3d  prize. 
Cockerel,  2d  and  3d  prizes. 
Pullet,  1st  and  3d  prizes. 

Sec.  10. — Rouen  Ducks. 
F.  D.  Fowler,  Carlinville,  111. 
Hen,  1st  prize. 
Pullet,  3d  prize. 

Sec.  II. — Szceedisli  Ducks. 
David  Siegfried,  Belleville,  111. 
Cock,  2d  prize. 
Hen,  3d  prize. 

Class  87.  Sec.  6. — Toulouse  Geese. 

B.  F.  HisLOP,  Milford,  111. 

Cock,  3d  prize. 
Cockerel,  3d  prize. 
Cockerel,  ist  prize. 
Hen,  3d  prize. 


134 


Report  of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

LIST   OF   EXHIBITORS  OF   LIVE   STOCK  AND  AMOUNT   PAID 
EACH    BY    THE   ILLINOIS    COMMISSION 


HORSES 


NAME  ADDRESS  AMOUNT 

Trone  &  Sons Rushville,  111 $     5.18 

Wilson,   T Pleasant  Plains,  111 31.05 

Mains.  A \^irginia,    111 13.80 

Peek  &  Son Winchester.    Ill 834.90 

Crum  &  Cruni Literberry,  111 144.90 

Barton,  E.  M Hinsdale,   111 614.10 

Oltmanns   Bros W^atseka.  Ill 412.28 

Burgess  &  Son Wcnona,    111 148-35 

Burgess  &  Son Wenona.    Ill 17.25 

Truman's  Pioneer  Stud  Farm.  .Bushnell,  111 34-50 

Morgan  Horse  Co Carpentersville,   111 110.04 

Brunk.  J.  C Rochester,    111 291.53 

Oltmanns    Bros Watseka.    Ill 20.70 

Dewey,  C.   F Amboy,  111 101.78 

Hodgson,  Ed El  Paso,  111 10.35 

Ayers,   T-  A Jacksonville,    111 46.58 

Cravens,  F.  R Pisgah,   111 10.35 

Recoe,    F Litchfield.  Ill 8.63 

Denton.   J-   W Bloomington.    Ill 17.25 

Bunn.  C.  E Peoria,    111 681.38 

Heyl.  G.  A Washington,  111 305-33 

Augstin,    D Carlock,    111 34-50 

Hodgson,  Ed El  Paso,  111 790-05 

Wibray,  T.  L Trcmont,    111 565.80 

Soderberg,  A.  G Osco.  Ill 201.83 

Biedenfeld.  H.  V Granville.    Ill 41.40 

Hodgson,  E.  D El  Paso.  Ill 43-13 

Burgess  &  Sons Wenona.  Ill 284.63 

Burgess  &   Burgess Wenona.    Ill 24.15 

Burgess  &  Son Wenona,  111 231.15 

Truman   Bros Bushnell.    Ill 62.10 

Truman's  Pioneer  Stud  Farm.  .Bushnell,    111 576-15 

Mountjoy,  F.  M Atlanta,    111 155-25 

Warner,    Geo Mahomet.   Ill 106.95 

Soderberg.  A.  G Osco.  Ill 43-13 

Pendleton   &   Son National  Stock  Yards,  111 27.60 

Wilson,  T.  H Pleasant  Plains,  111 189.75 

Crum  &  Crum Literberry,  111 20.70 

Bratton,   J-   S East  St.  Louis.  Ill 215.63 

Brunk,  J.  C Rochester.  Ill 24.15 

Mains,    A Virginia.    Ill 65.55 

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Report  of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

HORSES.-Concluded 
NAME  ADDRESS  AMOUNT 

Oltmanns   Bros Watseka,    111 156.98 

Peek  &  Son Winchester,  111 219.08 

Heyl,  G.  A Washington,  111 29.33 

Bunn,  C.   E Peoria,    111 63.83 

Bunn,  A.  L.,  Mrs Peoria,    111 74.18 

Truman's  Pioneer  Stud  Farm.  .Bushnell,    111 63.83 

Warner,  Geo Mahomet,    111 17-25 


CATTLE 


NAME  ADDRESS  AMOUNT 

Prather,  J.  F  &  J.  W Wilhamsville,    111 13.80 

Sconce,  H.  J Sidell,  111 105.23 

Fluck,   E.  J Goodenow,    HI 75-90 

Haven,  A.  S Greenfield.   Ill 8.63 

Gardner,  C.  H Blandinsville,  111 56.93 

Judy,   M.   A Beecher,  111 44.85 

Lantz,  M.  P.  &  S.  E Carlock,    III 163.88 

Melvin,  S Greenfield,   111 10.35 

Reynolds  &  Son Prophetstown,  111 32.7S 

Strubing-er,  J.  O El  Dara,  111 53.48 

Davis,  F.  T Mendota,    111 13.80 

Swigart,  O.  H Champaign,   111 533-03 

Borden  Stock  Farm Tonica.  Ill 5^-75 

Chambers,  J.  J Sadoris,    111 255.30 

Crowder  &  Son Bethany,  111 217.35 

Davis,  W.  E Mendota,    111 393-30 

Winn,  J.  J Utica,  111 139-73 

Jennings,  J.  E Streator,    111 93-^5 

Barton,  E.  H Hinsdale,   111 148.35 

Fluck,  H.  J Goodenow,  111 69.00 


SHEEP 


1 


NAME  ADDRESS  AMOUNT 

Lewis    Bros Camp  Point,  111 389.85 

Stone,   R.   J Stonington,    111 3.45 

Stone,   R.   J Stonington,    111 386.40 

Stone,    R.   J Stonington,    111 29.33 

Lantz,  M.  P.  &  S.  E Carlock,  111 202.86 

Peek,  A.  S Geneva,  111 46.58 

Peek  &   Son Geneva,   111 60.38 

Melvin,  S Greenfield,   111 25.88 

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Report  of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

SWINE 

XAME  ADDRESS  AMOUNT 

Bryan,  I.  E  &  S.  L Ohio.    Ill 24.15 

Funk,  J.  A Heyworth.   Ill 10.35 

Off,  C.  F Peoria.    Ill 20.70 

Council.  C.  G Vandalia.   Ill 106.95 

Council,    C \'andalia.   Ill 167.33 

Lovejoy  &  Son Roscoe,  111 17-25 

Aldrich.   Edw Rosemond,   111 8.63 

Bennet.    T Rossville.   Ill 25.88 

Doty,  C.  R Charleston,    111 II5-58 

Greer,  M.  W Rushville.    Ill 17-25 

Sachman.  Geo.  W Ripley.    Ill 169.05 

Trone.  G.  W Rushville.  Ill 181. 13 

Bone,  F.  E Ava,  111 24.15 

Dorsey  &  Sons Perry,   111 170.78 

Doty.  C.  R Charleston,  111 200.10 

Griffith,   Chas Woburn,  III 15-53 

Miller,  M.  A Belleville,    111 337-07 

Miller,  M.  A Belleville,  111 83.84 

Trone  &  Sons Rushville,  111 34-50 

Davis,  G.  F Chicago  Heights.  Ill 69.00 

Davis,  H Chicago  Heights.  Ill 60.38 

Davis,  G.  F.,  Jr Chicago  Heights,  111 51-75 

Davis,  C.  F Chicago  Heights,  111 34-50 

Goodwin.  Jno..  Jr Potomac.  Ill 77-63 

Stone.  E.  C Armstrong,  111 5^-75 


POULTRY 


NAME  ADDRESS  AMOUNT 

Duncan.  J.  H Williamsville.    Ill 3-45 

Russell,  W.  E Danville,   111 2.07 

Hislop,  D.  F Milford,   111 4-83 

Bates,  H.  E Galesburg,   111 1.38 

Ackley  &  Page Woodstock.   Ill 6.90 

Clement   &   Fike Liberty ville.    111 3-45 

Croswick,  J.   E Alton.   Ill 2.07 

Emma  B.  Poultry  Farm Gurnee,   111 2.07 

Tarbox.  A.  &  E Yorkville.    Ill 1.38 

Le  Due,  A.  C Chenoa,  111 6.90 

Hodgson.    H Albion.   Ill 11.04 

Swain,  W.  C Arlington,  111 2.76 

Franklin.   F.  T Urbana.  Ill 10.70 

Kline  &  Anderson Macon.   Ill 3.45 

Haworth,  J.  W Danville.   Ill 4-83 

Leitch,    R.   L Rock  Falls.  Ill 2.76 

JcnnLr,  H.  J Pocahontas.  Ill 3.45 

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Report  of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase  Exposition 

POULTRY.-Concluded 

NAME  ADDRESS  AMOUNT 

Gelder    &   Robertson Palmyra,   111 6.90 

Franklin,   R.    S Urbana,  111 5.18 

Berberich,    W Elgin,    111 1.38 

Murray,  J-  H Greenfield,   111 3.45 

Gelder  &  Robertson Palmyra,   111 1.38 

Bateman,  J.  F Waverly,  111 6.21 

Hodgren,    H Albion,   111 4.14 

Leland.  J.  A Springfield,  111 1.38 

Rock  River  Poultry  Co Chicago,  111 26.91 

Reed,  S.  H Wyanet.   Ill 5.52 

Neiselbach,   H Melrose  Park,  111 4.14 

Geoette   Bros Springfield,    111 1.38 

Trent,  G.  W Ravenwood,  111 2.07 

Homer   Bros Carlinville,    111 345 

Thompson,   W.   H Collinsville.   Ill 68.31 

Thompson,   W.   H Collinsville,   111 2.07 

Banks,  J Collinsville,   111 4-83 

Vories,   R.   R Peoria,  111 39-33 

Templeton,  W.  F Dakota,   111 16.22 

Thompson,  W.  H.. Collinsville.   Ill 4-83 

Hislop,  B.  F Milford,   111 6.90 

Vane,    Thos Princeton,    111 3-45 

Woods,    Paul Carlinville,   111 6.90 

Ambrosius,  Theo Collinsville,   111 9-6^ 

Fowler,  F.  D Carlinville,    111 345 

Silgfried,  D Belleville,  111 345 

Hislop,  B.  F Milford,   111 7-59 


138 


Report  of   the   Illinois   Commission    to    the   Louisiana    Purchase   Exposition 


The  Horticultural  Exhibit 

Committee— H.  M.   DUNLAP,  Chairman;  C.  F.  COLEMAN,  J.  H.    MILLER 


REPORT  OF  SUPERINTENDENT 
J.  H.  STANTON.  Richview 


Illinois  now  classed  as  the  third  State  in  the  production  of  fruits, 
promises  soon  to  reach  the  top  through  progressive  operation,  increased 
acreage  and  the  number  of  trees,  of  the  tree  fruits,  that  are  reaching 
bearing  ag'e  each  year. 

Among  the  commercially  grown  tree  fruits,  apples,  peaches,  and 
pears  are  grown  most  extensively,  in  the  order  named.  An  important 
feature  of  fruit  growing  in  this  State  is  the  length  of  the  maturing  sea- 
son, which  begins  in  the  southern  district  about  June  ist,  and  as  the 
season  progresses  proceeds  northward  in  the  State  for  six  weeks  on 
each  variety  grown.  Fruit  is  grown  throughout  the  entire  State  and 
the  State  is  divided  into  districts  for  the  purpose  of  determining  varie- 
ties adapted  to  each.  For  other  purposes  of  interest  to  the  growers,  the 
State  is  divided  into  three  districts,  viz :  Northern,  Central,  and  South- 
ern. The  Southern  district  having  very  extensive  orchards,  and  small 
fruit  acreage.  Three  counties  in  this  district  having  over  70,000  acres 
in  apple  trees.  From  two  stations  on  one  line  of  railroad  have  been 
shipped  train  loads  of  small  fruits  in  a  clay  and  ten  stations  on  same 
line  shipped  in  one  season  61,953  tons  of  fruits  and  vegetables.  The 
Central  district  has  extensive  orchard  plantings. 

The  Illinois  Commission  to  the  Louisiana  Purchase  Exposition  at 
St.  Louis  in  1904  appropriated  $12,000  for  the  purpose  of  an  Illinois 
fruit  display  at  said  Exposition  to  be  installed  on  May  ist,  and  main- 
tained until  December  ist,  1904  (the  entire  period  of  the  Exposition). 
This  appropriation  having  been  made  in  August,  1903,  with  directions 
that  such  fruits  of  the  crop  of  1903  as  could  be  held  over  in  cold  storage 
be  secured  to  maintain  the  fruit  exhibit  from  May  ist,  1904,  imtil  the 
crops  of  that  year  matured.  Aj>])les  being  the  only  fruit  that  could  be 
held  over  successfully,  a  supply  of  them  vms  secured  and  placed  in  stor- 
age in  September,  October,  and  November,  1903. 

Five  thousand  square  feet  of  space  was  secured  in  the  Palace  of 
Horticulture  at  the  Exposition  for  the  exhibit  and  installation,  fixtures 
placed  thereon  prior  to  the  opening  of  the  Exposition  May  ist,  1904, 
upon  which  date  the  exhibit  was  put  in  place,  and  maintained  with 
apples  from  storage  of  1903  croji  until  the  crop  of  1904  began  to  ma- 

139 


Report  of   the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

tnre  al)<)iit  June  ist.  From  this  latter  date  fruits  of  all  kinds  were  sup- 
plied as  they  matured,  during  the  period  of  the  Exposition.  Among 
the  most  popular  varieties  of  apples  exhiliited  were: 

For    curly    apples. — Yellow    Transparent,    Red    June,    Benoni, 
Wealthy,  Duchess,  Maiden  Blush. 

For  fall  or  carl\  -zeiiilcr. — ( irimes  Golden,  Jonathan. 

U'iiilcr  ■varieties. — \\'ine  Sap,  Willow  Twig,  Rome  Beauty,  Ben 
Davis. 

Peaches. — Reeves,  Elherta,  Diamond. 

Pears. — Bartlett,  Tvson,  Sechel,  Duchess. 


LIST  OF  EXHIBITORS  AND   AWARDS    ON   COLLECTIONS  OF  APPLES 

AND  OTHER  FRUITS 

Prizes  Awarded. 

To  Illinois  Commission  on  installation  of  exhibit.  Grand  Prize;  on  exhibit 
of  fruit.  Grand  Prize. 

First  Prizes,  Gold  Medals. 

Heaton  Bros New  Burnside      J.  W.  Stanton Richview 

S.  G.  SovERHiLL Tiskilwa      E.   A.   Riehl Alton 

Second  Prizes,  Silver  Medals. 

Central  Horticulture  Society,  E.  D.  Kennedy Alound  City 

Jno.  J.  Foster.  President,  Normal  A.  W.  Louis New  Burnside 

Northern  Horticulture  Society,  C.    Laubmeyer Odin 

H.  T.  Thompson,  President,  ]\Iaringo  T.  P.  Mautz Stewardson 

Southern  Horticulture  Society,  A.  C.  Mattaz Hardin 

J.  W.  Stanton,  President,  Richview  W.   B.  McGuire Carbondale 

H.  A.  Aldrich Neoga  H.  L.  McKee Villa  Ridge 

E.  J.  Ayres Villa  Ridge  H.  G.  McPike Alton 

D.  F.  Beauman Tunnel  Hill  C.  M.  Paisley  &  Son Irving 

L.    R.    Bryant Princeton  G.  H.  Perrine  &  Sons Centralia 

W.  E.  Carlin Jerseyville  Chris.    Ringhausen Hardin 

Chapman  &  Hooker Vienna  E.  D.   Slanker Olney 

W.   L.   Cope Tonti  W.  J.  Stiles Sandoval 

J.  A.  DooDS Sandoval  P.    Stemler Waterloo 

W.  Dy'Ke Effingham  F.  H.  Simpson Flora 

I.  W.  Fuller Anna  B.  L.  Wiley ?\Iakanda 

H.    L.    Graff Murphysboro  C.   H.   Williamson Quincy 

A.  A.  Hinckley DuBois  C  G.  Winn Griggsville 

F.  B.  Hines Alto  Pass  E.    Worthern Alurphysboro 

Jas.  Husband Leanderville  D.  P.  Anderson Anna 

141 


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4 


Report  of   the   Illinois   Commission    to   the   Louisiana    Purchase   Exposition 


Third  Prizes,  Bronze  Medals. 


S.   J.   Baldridge Richvicw 

Jas.  Barton Crab  Orchard 

E.   E.   Beebe Parkersburg 

S.  J.  Beers Vandalii 

Geo.  a.   Bell Cobden 

D.  J.  Brown Peoria 

W.  R.  Grain Villa  Ridge 

L.  F.  DiNTLEMEN Belleville 

G.  H.  EcKERT Dixon 

G.   \\'.   Endicott \llla   Ridge 


C.  H.  EcKERT Belleville 

F.  HoLDEN Litchfield 

M.  A.  Hooker McLeansboro 

S.    D.    LaRosh Pekiii 

E.  G.   Mendenhall Kinmundy 

W.  S.  Ross Alma 

G.  W.   Scott Hardin 

E.    Tucker Richview 

W.  A.  Young Butler 


Additional  List  of  Illinois  Exhibitors. 

Most  of  whose  exhibits  were  not  entered   for  competition  but 
whose  contributions  aided  in  making  the  Illinois  exhibit  a  success : 


Angustine  &  Go Normal 

Wm.  Berry New  Burnside 

J.  H.  Galance Millville 

H.  M.  DuNLAP Savoy 

J.  F.  Jolly Olney 

W.  D.  Linton Patoka 

G.  W.  Leeright Murphysboro 

O.   Z.   McKee Mounds 


Wm.  Perry Milton 

W.  S.  Patrick Westridge 

Wm.    Rider Shawneetown 

J.  H.  Shipperd Makanda 

H.  T.  Thompson Marengo 

J.    Trammel Stonefort 

G.  Vaughn Odin 

G.  H.  Webster Gentralia 


143 


i 


SECTION  OF  COAL   EXHIBIT 


Report  of   ihe   Illinois   Commission   to   the  Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 


The  Mines  and  Metallurgy  Exhibit 

Committee.-W.  WARDER,  Chairman;  J.  N.  C.  SHUMWAY,  H.  M.  DUNLAP 


REPORT  OF  SUPERINTENDENT 

WALTER   H.    JACKSON,    Vienna 


LIST  OF  AWARDS 

Illinois  State  Exhibit Gold  Medal 

Illinois  State  Exhibit Silver  Medal 

Illinois  State  Commission Gold  Medal 

Geo.  S.  Mepham  &  Co.,  East  St.  Louis, 

Mineral  paints  and  colors Silver  Medal 

Natural  Carbon  By-Products  Co.,  Freeport Bronze  Medal 

The  exhibit  covers  a  space  25  x  75  feet,  facing  on  two  of  the  main 
aisles  near  the  southeast  entrance,  to  the  Mines  and  Metallurgy  Build- 
ing- 

The  installation  is  uniform  with  that  of  the  other  exhibits  of  the 
State.  The  object  of  the  exhibit  is  to  show  particularly  the  mineral, 
and  to  some  extent  the  mineral  industries,  though  Illinois  is  not  con- 
sidered generally  an  important  mining  country,  the  value  of  mineral 
products  is  increasing  at  a  rapid  ratio. 

The  most  important  branch  of  production,  according  to  its  value, 
is  that  of  coal.  After  this  comes  the  various  materials  used  in  the  man- 
ufacture of  brick  and  ceramics. 

The  building  stone,  although  limited  to  a  few  varieties  of  limestone 
and  sandstone,  are  of  great  importance,  as  is  also  stone  and  gravel  used 
for  road  material,  railroad,  ballast,  concrete,  and  flux  for  iron  reduc- 
tion. 

Portland  and  Natural  cements  are  extensively  manufactured  and 
the  domestic  product  is  rapidly  replacing  imported  materials.  The 
Natural  cement  especially  has  taken  a  leading  part  and  cement  is  also 
being  produced  as  a  by-product  from  the  various  steel  plants. 

Lead  and  zinc,  which  occur  in  connection  with  each  other  have 
for  a  long  time  been  produced  in  Jo  Davies  County,  and  in  later  years 
in  Southern  Illinois  in  veins  mined  partly  for  fluorite.  Fluorite  is  of 
increasing  importance  in  the  arts  and  its  production  on  a  commercial 
scale  is  so  far  limited  to  deposits  in  Illinois  and  Kentucky.  Its  abund- 
ance in  this  State  has  increased  its  availability  for  many  purposes. 

The  manufacturers  of  pigments  are  availing  themselves  of  various 
materials  adapted  to  their  uses. 

10  145 


Report  of   the   Illinois   Commission    to    the   Louisiana    Purchase   Exposition 


COAL, 

The  exliil)it  of  coal  consists  of  a  series  of  large  bl(jcks  intended  to 
show  the  character  and  thickness  of  the  veins ;  the  largest  block,  weigh- 
ing fifteen  tons,  is  the  largest  single  piece  ever  hoisted  from  a  mine ; 
there  are  eleven  of  these  blocks  from  different  mines  ranging  from  the 
largest  down  to  one  block  of  one  ton.  The  following  companies  are 
exhibitors : 

Breese  Coal  Mining  Co.,  Breese,  size,   3  ft.  7  in.  x  3  ft.  7  in.  x 
7  ft.  8  in. 

Coal  Valley  Mining  Co.,  Sherrard.  3  ft.  x  3  ft.  x  3  ft. 

Springfield  Coal  ^Mining  Co..  ■Mine  at  Taylorville.  3  ft.  x  3  ft. 
X  8  ft. 

Southern  Illinois  Coal  Mining  and  ^^'ASIIIXG  Co.,  Marion 
3>4  ft.  X  3>4  ft.  x9  ft. 

Springfield  District  Coal  Operators  Association.  Spring- 
field, 3  ft.  x  3  ft.  X  6  ft. 

Chicago  Virden  Coal  Co.,  Virden.  6  ft.  x  4  ft.  x  8  ft.  3  in. 

Williamson  County  Coal  Co.,  Johns*^on,  3  ft.  x  3  ft.  x  9  ft. 

Big   Muddy   Coal   &   Iron   Co.,    Carterville,    3  ft.  x  3  ft.  x  8  ft. 
7  in. 

Big  Muddy  Coal  &  Iron  Co.,  Mnrphysboro,  2V^  ft.  x  2^  ft.  x 
6  ft. 

Empire  Coal  Co.,  Gilchrist,  3  ft.  x  3  ft.  x  4  ft. -4  ft. 

Madison  Coal  Co.,  Divernon,  6  ft.  x  7  ft.  x  8  ft.  2  in. 

A  series  of  smaller  specimens  is  exhibited  on  the  tables  showing 
analysis  and  physical  properties. 

A  bulletin  prepared  under  the  direction  of  S.  \\\  Parr,  M.  S.,  Pro- 
fessor of  applied  chemistry  at  the  University  of  Illinois  (University 
Studies  Vol.  i.  Part  7),  gives  one  hundred  fifty  analysis  and  calorine- 
metric  tests  of  Illinois  coal,  and  describes  the  methods  used  in  obtaining 
the  tabulated  results.  The  ])amphlet  is  illustrated  and  accompanied 
by  charts,  giving  in  a  graphic  manner  the  average  constitution  of  Illi- 
nois coal  and  similar  charts  of  other  coals  for  comparison. 

Prof.  Parr's  pamphlet  has  been  widely  distributed  and  has  l)een 
highly  appreciated  by  the  State  Commission  as  an  aid  in  giving  inform- 
ation to  users  of  coal,  and  is  here  reproduced  in  ]jart. 


CLAY 

In  clay  products,  the  importance  of  the  industry  can  only  be  shown 
l)y  statistics  as  common  brick  wlu'ch  is  made  all  over  the  State  in  such 
a  uniform  character,  and  so  well  known  that  exhibits  are  not  necessary. 

147 


Report  of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

A  fine  line  of  face  bricks  was  also  left  out,  as  it  would  duplicate  ex- 
hibits made  by  manufacturers  in  other  sections  of  the  building.  This 
also  to  a  great  extent  of  tlie  Northwestern  Terra  Cotta  Company, 
which  is  the  best  material  of  its  kind  in  the  country.  Brick  and  clays 
are  exhibited  from : 

The  Purington  Paving  Brick  Co.,  Galesburg. 

The  Springfield  Paving  Brick  Co.,  Springfield. 

Barr  Clay  Company,  Streator. 

B.  F.  Townsley,  Aledo. 

Argillo  Works,  Carbon  Cliff. 

Streator  Paving  Brick  Company,  Streator. 

Selley  &  Son,  Danville. 

Mamer  Bros.,  Campus. 

Many  of  the  Illinois  clays  are  excellently  adapted  for  the  manu- 
facture of  stone-ware  and  sewer  pipe.  The  Stoneware  Pipe  Company 
of  East  Alton,  and  the  Argillo  Works  of  Carbon  Cliff,  exhibit  sewer 
pipes.  While  stoneware  industry  of  the  State  is  extensively  developed, 
the  exhibit  of  Weir  Pottery  of  Monmouth,  was  considered  sufficiently 
characteristic  to  represent  the  industry. 

A  series  of  clays  are  arranged  in  cubes  and  boxes  and  selected  to 
show  such  as  adapted  to  the  principal  lines  of  the  industry,  ranging 
from  kaolin  to  fire  clays.  In  this  connection,  we  also  show  some  speci- 
mens of  Amorphous  Silica,  which  is  used  in  the  pottery  industry. 


STONE 

Neither  the  Geology  or  Topography  offer  many  opportunities  for 
the  development  of  stone  quarries,  but  such  stone  as  is  available  is  ex- 
tensively used.  The  limestone  of  the  Silurian  series  are  the  principal 
sources  of  supply.  The  quarries  about  Joliet  being  among  the  largest 
in  the  United  States.  The  limestone  is  generally  used  in  the  form  of 
rubble  or  frock  faced  ashler.  Among  other  specimens  of  limestone  in 
the  shape  of  eight-inch  dressed  cubes,  are  shown  from  the  quarries  of: 

Wm.  Cooper,  Monmouth. 

P.  J-  Howard,  Rosiclare. 

S.  B.  Strate,  Palmyra. 

H.  HoLSHSER,  Marine. 

Chase  Quarry,  Jonesboro. 

W.  H.  Ballard,  Jonesboro. 

H.  J.  Bowman,  Alton. 

Ft.  Madison  &  Appanoose  Stone  Co.,  East  Ft.  ^^ladison. 

148 


Report  of   the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase  Exposition 

Casper  Steel  Quarry  &  Construction  Co.,  Stolle. 
Queen  City  Quarry  Co.,  Rockton. 
Alton  Lime  &  Cement  Co.,  Alton. 

Some  beds  of  sandstone  produce  excellent  building  material  which 
has  long  been  used  for  local  purposes,  but  is  now  finding  a  wider  mar- 
ket.   The  following  being  exhibitors  : 

Colona  Sandstone  Co.,  Murphysboro. 
H.  S.  Crabtree,  Anna. 
J.  W.  Oliver,  Charleston. 

Great  quantities  of  crushed  limestone  are  used  for  road  making. 
Specimens  are  shown  from : 

Grafton  Quarry  Co.,  Grafton. 

Ft.  Madison  &  Appanoose  Stone  Co.^  East  St.  Louis. 

The  glacial  gravels  of  the  northern  part  of  the  State  are  also  ex- 
tensively used  for  this  purpose. 

LEAD  AND  ZINC 

The  lead  and  zinc  from  Jo  Davies  County  occurs  in  veins  and  cavi- 
ties in  the  Silurian  limestone.  Large  masses  of  galena  crystals  and  of 
sphalerite  or  zinc  blende  are  exhibited. 

Mining  has  been  carried  on  in  this  district  for  over  fifty  years,  but 
the  industry  is  capable  of  very  great  extension  according  to  a  recent 
report  made  by  Mr.  H.  Foster  Bain,  of  the  United  States  Geological 
Survey. 

The  lead  and  zinc  of  Southern  Illinois  occurs  associated  with 
veins  of  fluorite  and  are  of  secondary  importance  in  this  district. 
Specimens  are  exhibited  by : 

GoLcoNDA  Mining  Co.,  Golconda,  Pope  County. 
Henry  Pierce,  Golconda,  Pope  County. 
Fairview  Mining  Co.,  Rosiclare,  Hardin  County. 
R.  F.  Taylor,  Elizabethtown. 
Royal  Mining  Co.,  Galena,  Jo  Davies  County. 
Little  Corporal  Mine,  Galena.  Jo  Davies  County. 
Aldenburg  Mine,  Galena,  Jo  Davies  County. 
Klenger  &  Webber,  Galena,  Jo  Davies  County. 

FLUORSPAR 

Fluorspar,  which  is  found  only  in  the  southern  part  of  the  State, 
has,  within  the  last  few  years  developed  into  an  extensive  mining  dis- 

149 


Report  of   the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana    Purchase   Exposition 

trict,  having  one  of  the  largest  fluorspar  mines  in  the  United  States. 
The  deposits  are  in  fissure  veins,  having  a  width  in  some  cases  of  twen- 
ty-five feet.  The  exhibit  consists  of  crystallized  specimens  showing 
well  defined  crystal,  also  large  specimens  in  massive  forms.  The  fol- 
lowing exhibitors  have  contributed  a  number  of  specimens  : 

GoLcoNDA  Mining  Co.,  Golconda. 

Henry  Pierce,  Golconda. 

Fairview  Mining  Co.,  Rosiclare. 

RosiCLARE  Lead  and  Fluorspar  Mining  Co.,  Rosiclare. 

R.  F.  Taylor,  Elizabethtown. 


PAINTS 

As  to  paint  pigments  and  mineral  colors  which  are  manufactured 
product,  only  a  part  of  the  material  is  mined  in  Illinois.  This  exhibit 
of  Geo.  S.  Mepham  &  Company,  of  East  St.  Louis,  was  awarded  a  sil- 
ver medal. 

The  exhibit  of  the  Natural  Carbon  By-products  Company  of  Free- 
port,  shows  the  carbonaceous  shales  in  their  crude  state  and  pulverized 
forms ;  also  the  oil  which  is  extracted  from  these  shales.  The  pulver- 
ized shale  mixed  with  oil  makes  a  fine  preservative  paint  for  wood  and 
steel,  and  will  no  doubt,  within  a  few  years,  become  a  large  industry 
in  that  part  of  the  State.     This  exhibit  was  awarded  a  bronze  medal. 


SILICA 

Silica  in  the  form  of  a  very  pure  friable  amorphous  deposit  is 
found  in  large  quantities  in  Union  County.  This  promises  to  be  of 
value  for  glass  and  pottery  making.  It  is  not  manufactured  in  the 
form  of  a  wood  filler  and  as  an  ingredient  in  paints. 

Gypsum,  although  not  mined  expensively  in  Illinois,  is  exhibited  in 
the  finished  product,  which  is  prepared  by  the  United  States  Gypsum 
Company,  this  being  part  of  their  exhibit,  which  was  awarded  a  Grand 
Prize. 

The  collective  exhibit  was  awarded  two  gold  medals  and  a  silver 
medal ;  one  gold  and  a  silver  medal  to  the  State  of  Illinois,  the  other 
gold  to  the  Illinois  State  Commission. 


ADDITIONAL    LIST    OF   EXHIBITORS   AND   LOCALITIES   CONTRIBUTING 

Alexander  County,  E.  A.  Smith.  Cairo.  Ochre. 
American  Sand,  Lime  and  Brick  Co.,  Chicago. 
BouscHER,  J.  C,  Jonesboro.    Amorphous  silica. 

150 


Report   of   the   Illinois   Commission   to   the    Louisiana    Purchase   Exposition 

Campus  Brick  and  Tile  Works.  Campus.    Clay. 

Greenville.     Clay. 

Elizabethtown.    Iron  ore  and  pig  iron. 

Fowler,  James,  Cobden.     Shale  and  lime. 

Glenn,  J.  C,  Murphysboro.     Building  stone. 

Goodman  &  Karraker,  Cobden.     Clays  and  ])rodncts. 

Grieb,  John,  Jonesboro.    Amorphous  silica. 

Hardin  County,  Rosiclare.    Zinc,  lead  and  fluorite. 

Hicks,  Chas.  F..  Drake.    Clay  and  products. 

Mathieson  &  Hegeler  Zinc  Co.,  La  Salle.    Zinc  spelter. 

Northwestern  Terra  Cotta  Co.     Clay  and  products. 

Oldenburg  Mine,  Galena.    Zinc  and  lead  ores. 

Purington  Paving  Brick  Co.,  Galesburg.     Clay  and  products. 

Quarries  Operating  Co..  Lemont.    Building  stone. 

Reynolds.  George  H.,  Deer  Park  Glenn.    Clay  and  products. 

Shelton  Pottery  Co.,  Me*^ropolis.     Clay  and  products. 

Sinclair,  D.,  Ullin.    Building  stone. 

Townsley,  B.  F.,  Aledo.    Clay  and  products. 

Waters.  W.  M.,  Galena.    Zinc  and  lead  ores. 

WiER  Pottery  Co.,  Monmouth.     Clay  and  products. 

James  Terro,  Troy.    Spheroid. 

Crystal  Flourspar  Mfg.  Co.    Ore. 


COAL   INDUSTRY  OF   ILLINOIS 

Illinois   Ranks  Second   Among   the   Coal    Producing    States 


Year 

TOTAL  QUANITY 
SHORT  tons 

total  value 

AvK,  Profit 
Per  Ton- 

Ave.  No. 
Days  Active 

Ave.  No. 
Employed 

1889 

12,104.272 

$11,755,203 

$    .97 

1890 

15.292.420 

14,171,230 

.93 

204 

28574 

1891 

15,660,698 

14,237,074 

.91 

216 

32591 

1892 

17,862,276 

16,243,645 

.91 

220 

34585 

1893 

19,949,564 

17,827,595 

.89 

229 

35390 

1894 

17,113,576 

15,282.111 

.89 

183 

38477 

1895 

17,735,864 

14,239,157 

.80 

182 

38(i30 

1896 

19,786,625 

15,809,736 

.80 

186 

33054 

1897 

20,072,758 

14.472,529 

.72 

185 

33788 

1898 

18,599,299 

14,567,598 

.78 

175 

35026 

1899 

24.439,019 

20,744,553 

.85 

228 

36756 

1900 

25,765,981 

26.927,185 

1.04 

226 

39101 

1901 

27,331,552 

28,163,937 

1.03 

220 

41880 

1902 

32,939,373 

33.945.910 

1.03 

226 

47411 

Total  tons    for  fourteen  j'ears    284,655,277 
Total  value  for  fourteen  years  $258,387,463 


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Report  of   the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 


CLAY   INDUSTRY  OF    ILLINOIS 

Rank   of    State    Fourth 


Material 

1900 

1902 

Brick 

$5,133,619 

1,311.360 

622,470 

641,473 

$6,422,812 

Tile 

1,668,996 

Terra  Cotta                

1,000,765 

Pottery 

789,367 

Total  Value 

$7,708,859 

$9,881,840 

STONE    INDUSTRY   OF    ILLINOIS 


Rank    of   State   Second 


Material 

Purpose 

V.ALUE 

/■ 

For  Building 

For  Roadmaking ... 

$    640,443 
588,796 

Limestone -^ 

For  Ballast 

For  Concrete 

For  otherwise 

399,537 

232,439 

1,371,403 

Total  Value 

$3,222,608 

152 


Report  of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 


Department  of  Mines  and  Metallurgy 


ILLINOIS   EXHIBIT 


SUPPLEMENTARY   REPORT 

By  S.    W.    PARR,   M.   S.,    University   of    Illinois 


Illinois  occupies  a  somewhat  anomalous  position  in  the  matter  of 
mineral  and  metallurgical  interest.  While  having  the  first  and  second 
largest  zinc  producing  plants  in  the  world  the  production  of  raw  ore 
within  the  borders  of  the  State  is  insignificant.  Similarly  while  pos- 
sessing one  of  the  largest  steel  mills  in  the  world,  producing  the  finished 
product  direct  from  the  ore,  the  ore  itself  all  comes  from  without  the 
State.  The  accessory  factors  which  have  been  largely  responsible  for 
the  location  of  these  interests  have  been,  first,  shipping  facilities,  and 
second,  the  abundance  and  cheapness  of  the  fuel  supply. 


COAL  DEPOSITS 

Instances  could  be  indefinitely  multiplied  indicating  the  import- 
ance to  our  industrial  life  of  the  coal  deposits  of  the  State.  Ranking 
second  among  all  the  States  in  its  tonnage  production  and  with  an  an- 
nual output  valued  at  $35,000,000,  it  is  entirely  fitting  that  chief  promi- 
nence should  be  given  this  feature  in  the  Illinois  exhibit  devoted  to 
Mines  and  Metallurgy.  It  is  probably  not  too  much  to  say,  indeed 
others  who  are  competent  to  judge  have  said  that  the  Illinois  coal  ex- 
hibit was  the  best  arranged  and  most  instructive  in  its  line  on  the 
grounds. 

Especially  noteworthy  was  the  specimen,  measuring  6  ft.  x  7  ft.  x 
8  ft.  2  in.,  being  one  unbroken  block  and  weighing  fifteen  tons.     The 


samples  were  well  distributed  throughout  the  coal  producing  area  and 
were  most  excellent  illustrations  of  the  complete  cross-sections  of  their 
respective  veins. 

RELATIVE   VALUES 

In  connection  with  the  coal  exhibit  there  should  be  mentioned  the 
charts  and  bulletin  embodying  a  study  of  the  chemical  composition  of 
the  coals  of  the  State.This  is  the  first  serious  attempt  ever  made  to  de- 
termine the  quality  of  Illinois  coals,  their  calorific  values,  etc.,  from 
the  chemical  standpoint.  The  results  thus  made  available  are  of  un- 
usual general  interest  and  the  published  material  has  been  in  great  de- 
mand by  both  users  and  producers  of  coal  both  in  this  and  other  States. 

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Report  of   the   Illinois   Commission   to   the    Louisiana    Purchase   Exposition 


CLAY  INDUSTRIES 

Next  in  importance  is  the  clay  industries  of  the  State.  In  this  line 
Illinois  makes  a  most  creditable  showing,  ranking  third  and  producing 
an  annual  output  of  the  value  of  $10,000,000.  The  most  important 
lines  are  the  manufacture  of  high  grade  brick  and  terra  cotta,  vitrified 
and  farm  tile  and  common  pottery.  The  clays  and  shales  of  the  State 
are  of  such  a  nature  as  to  indicate  possibilities  along  these  lines  far  in 
excess  even  of  our  present  excellent  showing,  and  ranging  all  the  way 
from  high  grade  material  for  the  finest  pottery  to  the  best  shales  for 
paving  and  face  brick. 

BUILDING  STONE 

In  the  production  of  limestone  Illinois  is  surpassed  only  by  Penn- 
sylvania. The  total  value  of  the  annual  output  being  three  and  one- 
half  million  dollars. 

FLUORSPAR 

While  the  above  items  include  the  more  prominent  products  we 
should  not  fail  to  note  the  flourspar  exhibit  which  shows  Illinois  to 
possess  the  greatest  deposit  of  flourspar  in  the  world.  The  use  of  this 
material  is  growing  and  the  product  is  used  in  the  manufacture  of  glass, 
as  a  flux  in  iron  smelting  and  for  the  manufacture  of  chemicals. 


AMORPHOUS    SILICA 

Among  the  most  interesting  of  the  geological  products  are  the  ex- 
tensive deposits  of  amorphous  silica  in  Union  and  Alexander  Counties. 
The  use  of  this  material  is  on  the  increase  and  its  adaptability  to  a  wide 
range  of  service  is  beginning  to  be  recognized. 

While  beds  of  marl  have  not  been  met  with  the  cement  materials 
of  Southern  Illinois  are  in  evidence  and  only  await  intelligent  investi- 
gation to  gain  proper  recognition. 

A  new  zinc  field  has  been  found  and  is  being  developed  in  Pope 
and  Hardin  Counties. 

NO   ECONOMIC   SURVEY 

One  striking  fact  has  been  most  vividly  developed  by  the  exhibit. 
The  very  excellence  of  its  showing  emphasizes  the  fact  that  Illinois  has 
nothing  in  the  way  of  an  economic  survey  of  the  mineral  resources  and 
possibilities  of  the  State.  This  exhibit  illustrates  above  all  things  else 
the  need  and  the  justification  of  such  a  survey. 


154 


Report   of   the    Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana    Purchase   Exposition 


The  Fish  Exhibit 

Committee.— A.  CAMPBELL,  Chairman;  J.  N.  SHUMWAY,  H.  M.    DUNLAP 


In  Charge  of  STATE  FISH  COMMISSION 

NAT    H.    COHEN,  President;   S.    P.   BARTLETT,  Secretary 


This  exhibit  at  the  United  States  Fish  Commission  Building  was 
in  the  large  aquarium,  situated  in  the  southeast  corner  of  the  build- 
ing, and  the  two  smaller  aquaria  immediately  adjoining  on  the  right 
and  left. 

In  the  larger  aquaria,  the  Commissioners  decided  to  show  the  com- 
mercial fishes  of  the  State,  that  is  to  say,  such  fishes  as  were  commonly 
used  for  shipping,  and  found  in  greatest  abundance ;  namely :  the  carp, 
buffalo,  the  coarser  cat-fishes,  and  dog-fish.  The  dog-fish,  in  the  last 
few  years,  have  become  a  very  important  factor  in  the  food  supply,  hav- 
ing been  previously  thrown  away  as  worthless,  but  now  extensively 
used  by  a  class  of  people  in  the  larger  cities,  and  sold  alive  under  the 
name  of  grass  bass.  In  this  aquarium  has  been  carried  for  a  period  of 
seven  months,  perhaps  the  largest  amount  in  weight  ever  carried  in  an 
aquarium  for  that  length  of  time  with  so  small  a  percentage  of  loss. 

In  the  smaller  aquaria,  was  shown  the  game  fish  of  the  State,  a  list 
of  which  comprises  the  black  bass,  crappie,  sun-fishes,  yellow  perch, 
white  perch,  war  mouth  bass,  and  the  two  varieties  of  striped  bass. 

These  aquarias  have  attracted  a  great  deal  of  attention,  particular- 
ly, among  those  who  are  interested  in  the  subject  of  fish  propagation 
and  distribution,  and  have  given  people  a  better  idea  of  what  our  State 
has  produced  than  could  have  been  obtained  by  any  other  method. 

The  use  of  the  Steamer  Illinois  during  the  season,  has  been  almost 
continuous  in  carrying  fish  from  places  where  they  were  collected  to  St. 
Louis,  and  has  been  the  only  practical  way  in  which  they  could  be  de- 
livered in  proper  condition. 

The  water  at  St.  Louis  for  the  whole  period  of  the  Exposition,  has 
been  of  a  character  that  has  called  for  the  strictest  attention  on  the  part 
of  the  employes.  The  process  of  clearing  the  water  used  by  the  St. 
Louis  Water  Company  is  of  such  a  nature  that  the  water  comes  to  the 
building  thoroughly  imi)regnated  with  chemicals.  A  very  large  quant- 
ity of  lime  is  used  for  the  purpose  of  throwing  down  the  solids  in  the 
water  in  their  reservoirs,  and  has  frequently  shown  such  strength  that 
it  has  eaten  the  covering  from  some  of  the  zinc  appliances  in  the  build- 
ing. It  has  the  effect  of  taking  the  mucous  coating  from  off  of  the 
fishes,  and  is  rapidly  followed  by  the  development  of  fungus,  if  not 

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Report  of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 


ILLINOIS  FISH  EXHIBIT 


properly  cared  for,  would  result  in  the  destruction  of  the  fish  in  a  very 
short  time. 

The  distance  from  the  river  or  depot  to  the  World's  Fair  grounds 
being-  so  great,  made  the  transportation  of  fish  from  either  point  ex- 
pensive, but  aside  from  that  we  have  but  little  to  complain  of,  as  will  be 
noted  from  our  accounts.  The  only  feature  of  expense  that  we  have 
asked  to  have  paid,  other  than  the  taking  of  fish,  is  that  of  coal  used  on 
Steamer  Illinois,  and  cost  of  hauHng. 

Personal  attention  has  been  given  the  exhibit  by  the  Commission- 
ers, at  least  two  days  of  each  week,  frequently  for  the  whole  week,  with 
a  view  to  do  what  we  could  to  explain  to  those  interested,  the  scope  and 
nature  of  our  work. 

The  fishing  industry  of  the  State  represents  one  of  the  greatest 
commercial  interests.  First,  the  rivers  of  our  State  produce  annually 
from  fifteen  to  twenty  million  pounds  of  coarser  fish  which  find  a  mar- 
ket in  the  east,  bought  at  a  price  that  affords  good  compensation  to  the 
fishermen  along  the  rivers,  and  from  the  fact  that  they  are  selling  them 
dressed,  enables  the  fishermen  to  get  a  full  price  for  the  full  weight  of 
his  sales.  The  gamier  varieties,  are  shipped  to  larger  markets,  and 
have  been  selling  for  a  good  price.     The  output  of  the  fish  business  in 

156 


Report   of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 


ILLINOIS  FISH    EXHIBIT 


the  city  of  Chicago  has  assumed  gigantic  proportion.  Fish  food  pro- 
duced, as  it  is  without  material  cost  to  the  fishermen,  is  put  upon  the 
market  at  prices  which  make  it  a  very  cheap  food,  and  we  feel  author- 
ized in  saying  that  there  is  no  more  economical  food  producing  source 
than  that  developed  in  the  work  of  our  Commission.  Comparisons  are 
always  invidious,  but  we  can  hardly  allow  this  report  to  pass  from  us, 
without  saying  that  from  the  economical  standpoint.  Illinois  has  had 
the  advantao-e  of  all  other  States  having  exhibits  at  the  World's  Fair. 
At  the  Forestry,  Fish  and  Game  Building,  space  was  given  for  the  pur- 
pose of  making  a  live  fish  display  by  all  the  States  in  the  Union.  A  num- 
ber of  the  States  made  an  appropriation  ranging  from  ten  to  twenty 
thousand  dollars  for  the  purpose  of  making  a  live  fish  display.  Part  of 
the  States  proceeded  to  install  their  plant,  make  their  collections  and 
undertake  their  exhibit.  We  regret  to  say  in  a  large  majority  of  in- 
stances, they  have  failed  on  account  of  not  having  the  proper  means  of 
areation.  Illinois,  on  the  other  hand,  was  fortunate  enough  to 
make  the  arrangements  mentioned  with  the  United  States  Fish  Com- 
mission, and  was  allotted  a  much  better  space  than  we  could  have  hoped 
to  obtain  without  special  interest  being  taken  in  our  work.  They  gave 
our  exhibit  the  same  care  and  attention  that  they  gave  their  own,  and  T 

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Report   of   the   Illinois   Commission   to    the   Louisiana    Purchase   Exposition 

think  we  can  safely  say,  the  g^eneral  opinion,  as  has  been  expressed,  is 
that  the  exhibit  of  live  fish  of  the  United  States  Fish  Commission  (of 
which  Illinois  is  a  part),  has  been  unequalled  in  the  history  of  aquaria 
in  this  country. 

We,  as  Commissioners,  desire  to  thank  the  Illinois  Commission 
for  the  great  courtesy  extended  us,  and  hope  that  what  we  have  done, 
will  meet  with  approval,  and  prove  to  be  in  the  end  as  practical  as  we 
think  it  has  been. 


158 


Report  of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana    Purchase   Exposition 


The  Public  and  Normal  School  Exhibit 

Committee. -WM.    J.    MOXLEY.    Chairman;  W.    L.  MOUNTS.  H.   M.  DUNLAP 


REPORT   OF   THE  SUPERINTENDENT 
By  ALFRED  BAYLISS.  Springfield 


The  exhibits  of  the  common  schools  and  the  five  State  Normal 
schools  were  installed  under  the  direction  of  the  State  Superintendent 
of  Public  Instruction.  The  material  of  the  exhibits  was  furnished,  ex- 
cept that  from  the  Normal  schools,  by  the  school  distric^^s,  without  ex- 
pense to  the  Commission,  and  in  substantial  conformity  with  the  fol- 
lowing suggestions,  sent  to  the  schools  about  November  i.  1903. 

Fourteen  hundred  and  four  square  feet  are  available  for  the  public 
schools  of  Illinois,  including  the  State  Normal  schools.  As  far  as  pos- 
sible in  this  space,  and  within  the  time  now  remaining,  it  is  desired  that 
the  present  status  of  school  education  shall  be  shown,  and  to  this  end 
the  co-opera+ion  of  all  school  officers,  superintendents  and  teachers  is 
cordially  invited. 

CLASSIFICATION    OF   SCHOOLS 
GROUP    I.  — Elementary    Education 

Class   I.     Country  Schools. 
Class  2.     Semi-graded  Schools. 
Class  3.     Graded  Schools. 

GROUP    II.  -  Secondary    Education 

Class  4.     High  Schools. 

Class  5.     Normal  Schools. 

Under  this  classification  it  is  desired  to  exhibit : 

1.  Legislation,  organization,  general  statistics. 

2.  Buildings,  photographs,  plans,  models. 

3.  Administrative  methods. 

4.  Results  obtained  by  methods  of  instruction. 

MATERIAL   OF   EXHIBIT 

CLASS     I. — Country    Schools 

1 .  The  design  of  the  best  one-room  school-house  in  the  county,  to 
include  floor  plans  and  method  of  heating  and  ventilating. 

2.  Photographs  of  ten  of  the  best  one-room  school  buildings  in 
the  countv,  preferably  with  pupils  and  teachers  in  front  of  the  build- 


mgs. 


159 


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Report  of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

'  3.      Photographs  of  every  school  building  in  ten  or  more  counties, 

I  as  above. 

'  4.     Photographs  of  groups  and  classes  of  pupils  at  work, 

'  5.     Photograhs  of  school  liliraries,  museums,  natural  history  col- 

:  lections,  etc. 

6.  Photographs  of  school  gardens. 

7.  Manual  training  work  of  all  kinds. 

8.  Collections  of  written  work,  honestly  prepared  and  in*:elligent- 
ly  labeled,  bound  in  volumes  arranged  by  grades,  so  as  to  clearly  and 
faithfully  illustrate  the  solid  and  indispensable  work  of  the  school. 

9.  Free  hand  drawing,  color  work,  illustrations,  map-drawing, 
etc. 

10.  A  bound  collection  of  circulars,  programs  of  teachers'  meet- 
ings, school  papers,  and  other  printed  matter  used  by  the  county  super- 
intendents in  administrative  work. 

CLASS    II.  — Semi-Graded  Schools 

i  Material  for  exhibits  from  schools  of  this  class  may  be  chosen 

from  the  items  enumerated  for  country  schools  or  graded  schools,  in 
the  discretion  of  teachers,  acting  under  the  advice  of  the  county  super- 
intendents.    All  schools  in  buildings  with  fewer  than  eisrht  rooms  mav 

:  be  counted  in  this  class. 

CLASS    III.     Graded    Schools 

1.  In  this  class  should  be  placed  schools  in  buildings  with  eight 
or  more  rooms  for  grades  below  the  high  school.  For  work  done  in 
this  class,  the  unit  is  the  city,  and  material  may  be  prepared  under  the 
direction  of  the  city  superintendent,  or  corresponding  officer.  To  the 
itemized  suggestion  of  material  under  Class  I  may  be  added  apparatus, 
appliances,  models  and  materials  used  in  teaching  each  of  the  eight 
grades ;  lists  of  supplementary  and  collateral  reading,  reference  books, 
maps,  charts,  magazines  and  newspapers  in  use;  printed  courses  of 
study,  manuals  of  directions,  blanks,  reports,  records,  etc. ;  programs, 
rules  and  regulations,  annual  reports  and  other  printed  matter. 

2.  Photographs  of  all  school  buildings  in  the  city,  showing  pupils 
and  teachers  at  work,  as  well  as  exteriors  and  play  grounds. 

3.  Statistical  charts,  diagrams  and  tables,  showing  graphically 
the  important  facts  in  regard  to  the  population,  the  number  and  kind 
of  schools,  number  of  teachers,  number  of  pupils,  cost  of  instruction, 
etc. 

CLASS   IV.- High   Schools 

1.  A  photograph  of  each  and  every  building  in  Illinois,  used  ex- 
clusively for  high  school  purposes,  is  earnestly  desired. 

2.  Photographs  of  physical,  chemical  and  biological  laboratories, 
and  the  assembly  rooms  are  especially  desired. 

3.  Photographs  of  manual  training  and  household  arts  depart- 
ments, showing  equipment  and  pupils  at  work. 

11  161 


Report   of   the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana    Purchase   Exposition 


A  COLLECTION  OF  WOODS  BY  PUPILS  OF  COUNTRY  SCHOOLS 

Exhibited  at  Crawford  County   Farmers'  Institute 

4.  The  school  grounds,  shown  by  topographical  maps  and  photo- 
graphs. 

5.  School  gymnasiums,  games  and  out  door  sports. 

6.  Printed  lists  of  text-books,  libraries  and  collateral  reading 
lists. 

7.  Courses  of  Study. 

8.  A  graphic  representation  of  the  history  of  the  school,  show- 
ing number  of  graduates,  their  present  occupations,  the  per  cent  of 
pupils  who  have  gone  to  college  higher  technical,  or  professi(^nal 
schools,  and  other  data  tending  to  illustrate  the  plans,  methods  and 
ideals  of  the  school. 

9.  Choice  specimens  of  pupils"  work  in  physics,  chemistry,  biol- 
ogy and  in  manual  training. 

10.     Bound  volumes  of  the  written  work  of  the  pupils,  intelligently 
labeled  to  show  conditions  under  which  the  work  was  done. 

CLASS  V.      Normal  Schools 


1.  Topographical  map  of  grounds. 

2.  Photographs  of  grounds  and  buildings. 

3.  Photographs  of  interior  views  of  libraries,  class  room,  labora- 
tories, etc. 

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Report   of  the  Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

4.  Publications  of  the  school,  or  of  members  of  the  faculty. 

5.  Thesis  of  students,  graduates,  or  undergraduates. 

6.  Special  methods  of  instruction,  and  piece  of  apparatus  in- 
vented at,  or  peculiar  to  an  institution. 

7.  The  Course  of  Study,  equipment,  maintenance,  history  and 
purposes  of  the  school  shown  by  charts,  catalogs,  year  books,  etc. 

8.  A  representative  collection  of  work  done  by  pupils  in  the  prac- 
tice school. 

9.  A  representative  collection  of  students'  written  work  with 
especial  reference  to  those  forms  peculiar  to  Normal  schools,  as  obser- 
vation notes,  lesson  plans  and  the  like. 

10.  A  pamphlet  for  judicious  free  distribution,  to  include  para- 
graphs explanatory  of  the  objective  exhibit  as  well  as  a  restrospective 
view^  of  the  school. 

EXHIBIT  REGULATIONS 

Flat  exhibits,  because  of  the  limited  space,  must  be  shown  in  wall 
cabinets. 

Drawings,  photographs,  and  unbound  written  work  must  be 
mounted  on  cardboard,  the  standard  dimensions  of  which  will  be  2.2  by 
28  inches,  the  latter  dimension  being  vertical.  It  is  recommended  that 
all  cardboard  used  be  of  court  gray  color. 

Photographs  for  wall  cabinets  should  be  either  8  by  10  or  1 1  by  14 
inches,  and  should  be  mounted  directly  on  the  full  sized  cardboard. 

Pupils'  written  work  should  be  on  paper  8  by  10  inches.  The 
paper  should  be  of  good  grade.  At  the  left  of  each  sheet  a  margin  of 
one  and  one-quarter  inches  should  be  left  for  binding.  The  writing 
may  be  on  one  or  both  sides  of  the  sheet,  at  the  option  of  the  teacher, 
care  being  taken  to  preserve  the  binding  margin. 

At  the  top  of  the  first  sheet  of  each  pupil's  work  should  be  written 
the  name,  age  and  grade  of  the  pupil. 

Only  regular  class  work  is  desired.  The  first  draft  of  the  work 
by  the  pupil  might  be  followed  by  an  improved  draft  embodying  the 
corrections. 

Whenever  the  subject  demands  it,  a  single  set  of  questions,  neatly 
written  or  printed,  should  precede  the  answer  papers  in  each  subject. 
A  photograph  of  the  class  would  be  an  interesting  frontispiece  to  a 
volume  of  work. 

All  exhibits  should,  as  nearly  as  circumstances  will  permit,  be  fully 
prepared  for  installation  and  ready  for  shipment  in  accordance  with 
directions,  to  be  supplied  later,  as  early  as  April  i,  1904. 

The  exhibit  was  a  large  one,  including  something  on  every  line 
suggested.  Some  idea  of  its  magnitude  and  variety  may  be  had  from 
the  statement  that  it  included  more  than  eleven  hundred  bound  volumes 
of  written  work,  thirty-three  hundred  photographs,  three  thousand 
pieces  of  hand  work  (manual  training),  and  sixty-five  hundred  draw- 
ings, all  conforming  to  the  "regulations"  as  heretofore  stated.     All  of 

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Report  of  the   Illinois  Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

the  Normal  schools  were  well  represented,  seventy  city  districts,  ten 
township  high  schools,  and  twenty-seven  county  exhibits  of  work  by 
country  schools. 

The  late  date  of  beginning  the  preparation  of  the  exhibit  had 
something  to  do  wath  its  quality  and  character.  Six  months  from  the 
first  notice  given  schools  is  too  short  a  time  in  which  to  prepare  a  well 
organized  exhibit  of  the  plan,  methods,  and  work  of  a  State  system  of 
schools.  Many  of  the  superintendents  and  teachers  who  contributed  to 
the  Illinois  exhibit  did  not  receive  authority  from  the  governing  boards 
to  incur  the  necessary  expense  until  their  exhibits  ought  to  have  been 
nearly  ready  for  shipment.  Some  superintendents,  both  in  counties 
and  cities,  had  to  find  their  own  ways  and  means.  This  is  not  always 
easy  to  do  on  short  notice.  Hence  the  tardy  arrival  of  much  of  the 
material.  The  preparation  of  the  booth  was  also  delayed  by  the  con- 
tractors. The  factory  in  New  Jersey  which  contracted  to  furnish  the 
exhibit  cases  also  caused  a  fortnight's  delay,  although  the  Illinois  order 
was  among  the  early  ones.  These  handicaps,  to  which  may  be  added 
a  Cjuite  inadec|uate  appropriation  for  expenses,  combined  to  detract 
somewhat  from  the  general  appearance  of  the  whole  exhibit,  as  viewed 
by  the  casual  observer.  On  the  other  hand,  they  also  made  it  impos- 
sible to  present  anything  other  than  a  fair,  every-day  in  the  year  repre- 
sentation of  the  Illinois  schools.  Without  doubt  it  would  be  quite  pos- 
sible for  one  with  authority  to  select,  and  take  wherever  found,  pieces 
of  school  work,  without  notice,  to  canvass  the  schools  of  Illinois  and 
assemble  an  exhibit  as  good  or  better  than  this  one  within  the  next 
thirty  days,  or  within  any  like  period  within  the  next  school  year.  The 
exhibit  had  the  merit  of  truth,  as  far  as  the  truth  may  well  be  shown  by 
hasty  and  inexpensive  objective  methods. 

While,  therefore,  as  stated,  the  exhibit  was  somewhat  crowded, 
and  so  installed  as  to  be  less  impressive  than  might  have  been  wished  to 
the  casual  and  hasty  observer,  it  is  believed  that  it  was  well  calculated 
to  inform  students  of  education  as  to  actual  present  conditions  in  the 
free  schools  of  Illinois.  Taken  in  connection  with  the  fine  exhibit  of 
the  City  of  Chicago,  and  the  more  costly  exhibit  of  the  University,  it 
may  be  said  that  the  educational  provisions  and  methods  of  the  State 
of  Illinois  were  abundantly  represented  at  the  Louisiana  Purchase  Ex- 
position. 

The  awards  given  to  the  Normal  and  Common  school  exhiliit  were 
as  follows : 

GROUP  I 

Grand  Price — State  Department  of  Public  Instruction. 

Gold  Medals — East  St.  Louis,  Board  of  Education. 
Peoria,  General  Exhibit. 
Peoria,  School  Music. 
Winnebago  Countv. 

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Report  of  the   Illinois  Commission   to   the  Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

Silver  Medals — Champaign,  Board  of  Education. 
Galesburg,  Board  of  Education. 
Rock  Island,  Board  of  Education. 
Springfield,  Board  of  Education. 

Bronze  Medals — Havana,  Board  of  Education. 
Galva,  Board  of  Education. 
Piatt  County. 

GROUP  II 

Gold  Medal — Illinois  Normal  Schools :     Collective,  DeKalb,  Normal. 
Charleston. 

Silver  Medals — Five  Illinois  State  Normal  Schools  :  Collective  exhibit. 

Illinois  Normal  Schools:  Collective,  Carbondale,  Ma- 
comb. 

Normal  Schools,  Northern  and  Normal  University. 

Board  of  Education,  East  St.  Louis. 

Board  of  Education,  Galesburg. 

Board  of  Education,  Peoria. 

Board  of  Education,  Springfield. 

Township  High  Schools :  Collective,  Oak  Park,  Ot- 
tawa. La  Salle,  Pontiac,  Sterling,  Streator,  Prince- 
ton. 

GROUP  VllI 

Gold  Medals — Alfred  Bayliss,  Springfield,  Illinois. 
N.  C.  Dougherty,  Peoria,  Illinois. 


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Exhibit  of  the  University  of  Ilhnois 

Committee-WM.  J.  MOXLEY,  W.  K.  MOUNTS,  H.  M.  DUNLAP 


Superintendent  JAMES  M.  WHITE,  Champaign 


The  educational  exhibit  of  the  University  of  Illinois  occupied  a 
space  30  by  45  feet,  or  an  area  of  1,290  square  feet,  open  upon  an  aisle 
on  its  long  dimension.  Against  the  back  and  the  two  side  walls  were 
glass-inclosed  cases  seven  feet  high,  and  above  these  were  many  en- 
larged photographs  in  frames  showing  the  main  buildings,  views  of 
the  campus  etc.,  together  with  numerous  pictures  from  the  department 


LIBRARY  BUILDING 


of  art  and  design,  also  a  set  of  finely  colored  plates  of  the  food  and 
game  fish  of  Illinois.  Other  cases  occupied  a  part  of  the  central  area 
of  the  space  with  room  for  seats  and  a  writing  table. 

The  exhibits  were  classified  according  to  general  subjects  illustra- 
tive of  the  equipment  and  work  of  the  colleges  of  the  University  from 
which  they  came.  Professor  James  M.  White  of  the  department  of 
architecture,  acting  by  the  authority  of  the  University,  collected,  ship- 

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Report  of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the  Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 


UNIVERSITY  OF  ILLINOIS  EXHIBIT 

ped,  and  arranged  the  exhibit,  which  was  made  at  the  expense  of  the 
Ilhnois  Commission  for  the  Louisiana  Purchase  Exposition.  An  at- 
tendant also  paid  by  the  Commission  was  on  hand  to  supply  published 
documents  and  information  to  visitors.  The  exhibits  from  the  colleges 
were  as  follows : 

COLLEGE    OF   LITERATURE   AND   ARTS 


The  exhibit  of  the  College  of  Literature  and  Arts  consisted  of: 

A.  Charts  representing  the  growth  of  the  College  and  the  enroll- 
ment and  work  of  its  various  departments. 

B.  Charts  showing  the  growth  of  the  College  as  compared  with 
the  other  colleges  of  the  University. 

C.  Specimens  of  work  done  by  students  in  the  department  of 
Art  and  Design. 

D.  Separate  histories  in  bound  volumes,  of  the  growth,  the  work 
and  the  course  of  each  department  of  the  College. 

E.  Publications  of  the  Faculty. 

F.  Specimens  of  students'  thesis. 

G.  A  carefully  prepared  index  of  the  periodical  literature  of 
education,  compiled  by  the  department  of  education. 

The  charts  were  of  two  kinds ;  some  showed  by  means  of  a  broken 
line  the  upward  trend  of  the  attendance  of  students,  both  in  the  college 

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Report   of   the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana    Purchase   Exposition 


UNIVERSITY  OF  ILLINO'S  EXHIBIT 


at  large  and  in  each  of  its  departments.  These  charts  were  constructed 
by  the  method  of  co-ordinates.  The  other  class  of  charts  consisted  of 
circles  divided  into  sectors,  which,  being-  differently  colored,  repre- 
sented some  particular  interest. 

The  third  division  of  the  exhibit,  relating  to  art  and  design,  gave  a 
systematic  exhibition  of  the  graded  work  of  the  department  from  the 
elementary  drawing  of  objects  through  the  painting  of  finished  por- 
traits and  landscapes.  The  group  contained  illustrations  of  cast  draw- 
ing, pen  and  ink  rendering,  and  other  divisions  of  the  work. 

The  volume  setting  forth  the  history  of  the  separate  departments 
were  typewritten  and  some  of  them  illustrated.  In  some  cases  stu- 
dents' essays  were  included  as  examples  of  the  work  done  in  the  depart- 
ment. In  each  case  the  history  of  the  department  was  sketched  in 
order  to  show  the  development  of  its  courses  as  well  as  the  increase  in 
its  attendance.  Its  aims,  scope,  and  method  of  instruction  were  sei 
forth  in  some  detail,  and  each  also  contained  a  biograj^hical  sketch  of 
the  present  staff  of  the  department.  The  histories  of  several  depart- 
ments were  in  some  cases  bound  together  so  that  each  department  was 
not  always  represented  by  a  separate  volume.  Greek  and  Latin  wer-i 
bound  together,  as  were  the  histories  of  the  modern  language  depart- 
ments. One  volume  represented  the  philosophical  group  including 
philosophy,  psychology  and  pedagog}'. 

Books  published  by  the  faculty  were,  as  far  as  possible,  collected 
and  placed  on  exhibition.     Besides  these  were  also  many  pamphlets  and 

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Report   of   the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana    Purchase    Exposition 

periodical  articles  written  by  members  of  the  faculty.  The  Hst  was  far 
from  being"  complete,  yet  there  were  more  than  one  hundred  books  and 
bound  pamphlets  to  represent  the  productive  activity  of  the  College 
Faculty. 

Specimens  of  students'  thesis  represented  the  average  work  done 
by  writers  of  undergraduate  thesis.  Several  graduate  thesis  of  marked 
merit  were  also  included.     These  were  all  bound  in  half  leather. 

An  index  of  periodical  literature  on  educational  subjects  requiring 
two  or  three  years  to  get  together,  was  prepared  under  the  direction  of 
the  department  of  education.  The  references  are  by  the  Dewey  system 
and  the  list  is  that  to  be  exhaustive  for  the  period  it  covers. 

COLLEGE  OF  SCIENCE 

The  exhibit  of  the  College  of  Science  contained  diagrams  and 
photographs  and  a  set  of  bound  volumes  of  the  contributions  to  science 
published  by  the  members  of  the  college  faculty,  but  was  otherwise  al- 
most wholly  illustrative  of  the  work  of  only  one  of  its  eight  depart- 
ments, that  of  chemistry,  and  in  this  it  was  confined  to  the  results  of 
two  lines  of  investigation  which  have  for  some  years  been  closely  as- 
sociated with  the  work  of  the  department ;  first,  a  study  of  the  chemical 
composition  and  heating  value  of  the  coals  of  the  State,  and,  second,  a 
sanitary  survey  of  Illinois  waters.  The  importance  of  the  first  is  em- 
phasized by  the  fact  that  Illinois  ranks  second  among  American  States 
in  tonnag'e  output,  with  a  valuation  in  the  aggregate  of  $35,000,000 
annually. 

The  exhibit  showed  four  pieces  of  apparatus  developed  in  the  de- 
partment and  designed  especially  for  determining  the  number  of  heat 
units ;  the  per  cent  of  total  carbon ;  the  sulpur  content;  and  the  cooking 
properties  and  percentage. 

The  analytical  results  for  one  hundred  fifty  samples  of  Illinois  coal 
were  obtained  by  the  aid  of  these  instruments,  and  charted  in  groups 
corresponding  to  the  seven  mine-inspection  districts,  and  also  accord- 
ing to  the  geological  seams. 

Under  the  second  division,  the  sanitary  work  on  the  waters  of  the 
State  was  illustrated  by  four  ten-gallon  jars  of  water,  each  accompanied 
by  a  bottled  collection  showing,  in  proper  proportion,  the  different  min- 
eral constituents  held  in  solution.  The  four  samples  illustrated  waters 
from  springs;  from  shallow  drift  wells;  from  deep  drift  water;  and 
from  deep  rock  water. 

A  very  notable  feature  of  this  exhibit  was  a  set  of  charts  illus- 
trating the  self-purification  of  the  Illinois  river,  covering  considerable 
periods  both  before  and  after  the  opening  of  the  Chicago  drainage 
canal,  and  showing,  besides  the  transformations  resulting  from  aeration 
and  oxidation,  the  tendency  of  large  streams  to  retain  their  individual- 
ity after  uniting,  instead  of  becoming  a  uniform  mixture. 

Progress  made  in  a  natural  history  survey  of  the  State  was  par- 
tially illustrated  by  a  collection  of  the  food  and  game  fishes  of  Illinois, 
and  by  a  set  of  colored  plates  of  fishes  shown  in  frames  under  glass. 

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Report   of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

A  set  of  large  diagrams  was  included  in  the  exhibit,  showing  the 
registration  of  the  college  for  each  of  the  last  ten  years,  the  registration 
of  men  and  women  respectively,  and  the  ratio  of  each  to  the  total  num  - 
ber  of  each  in  the  entire  University.  These,  together  with  photo- 
graphs illustrating  the  buildings  and  equipment  of  the  college,  were 
mounted  in  large  frames  hinged  against  the  wall. 


COLLEGE  OF   AGRICULTUFIE 

The  agricultural  portion  of  the  University  exhibit  was  designed  to 
show  the  comparative  produce  of  Illinois  soils  expressed  in  terms  of 
both  crops  and  animal  products.  The  yields  shown  were  of  corn, 
wheat,  oats,  beans,  potatoes,  apples,  tomatoes,  milk,  butter,  cheese, 
pork,  mutton,  and  beef.  ~     - 

The  actual  amount  of  corn,  wheat,  apples,  and  other  crops  shown 
was  the  normal  yield  of  one-hundredth  of  an  acre  of  standard  fertile 
soil  of  Illinois.  The  milk  shown  was  the  amount  that  should  be  pro- 
duced from  the  same  amount  of  land  when  growing  crops  suitable  for 
milk  production,  and  the  butter  and  cheese  shown  were  such  as  could  be 
made  from  this  milk. 

A  mounted  steer  which  when  living  weighed  750  pounds  repre- 
sented the  amount  of  beef  that  should  be  produced  from  an  acre  of  soil 
in  one  year.  The  same  land  would  produce  ten  such  sheep  as  shown, 
weighing  in  all  1,100  pounds,  or  100  pigs  like  the  roaster  shown  or 
their  equivalent,  with  a  total  weight  of  i  .400  pounds. 

Incidentally  the  work  in  soil  improvement  was  shown  by  a  num- 
ber of  yields  from  soils  naturally  deficient  in  fertility,  taken  both  before 
and  after  treatment,  and  thus  showing  the  benefit  of  intelligent  methods 
of  soil  restoration.  These  results  are  shown  in  the  following  table,  in 
which  the  yield  should  be  compared  with  those  from  a  normal  fertile 
soil — seventy-five  bushels  for  corn,  thirty  bushels  for  wheat,  and  sixty 
bushels  for  oats. 

Yields  obtained  from  three  types  of  soil  in  Illinois  when  the  three 
elements  of  plant  food  are  applied  separately : 


Treatment 

Sand 
(Deficient  inN.) 

Lower 

Illinoisan 

Glaciated 

Prairie 

(Deficient  in  P.) 

Bu.  Wheat  PER  A. 

Peaty  Swamp 
(Deficient  in  K.) 

Bu.  Corn  PER  A. 

Bu.  Corn  per  A. 

Nitrogen(N.)     

65 
25 
20 

11.5 
28.3 
14.7 

3.0 

Phosphorus(P.)  

4.6 

Potassium(K.)  

72.6 

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Report  of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 


ARMORY 


AGRICULTURAL  BUILDING 


in  ri 


s  g  r  E  SH  W^ 
i£i  It! 


CHEMICAL  LABORATORY 


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Report   of   the   Illinois   Commission   to    the    Louisiana    Purchase    Exposition 

In  a  similar  way  the  relative  efficiency  of  cows  was  brought  out 
by  showing-,  not  one  but  two  amounts  of  milk,  butter,  and  cheese  as  the 
product  of  an  acre — one  by  an  ordinary  cow  of  low  efficiency  and  the 
other,  three  times  as  great,  by  a  cow  of  high  efficiency. 

These  items  are  all  combined  and  shown  in  the  followins:  table 
expressing  what  an  acre  of  fertile  Illinois  soil  can  produce  in  one  year ; 

Corn    75  bushels 

Wheat     30  bushels 

Oats 60  bushels 

Beans    20  bushels 

Potatoes    200  bushels 

Tomatoes    •. 300  bushels 

Apples    200  barrels 

Beef    750  pounds  live  weight 

Mutton    1,100  pounds  live  weight 

Pork    1,400  pounds  live  weight 

Milk  (by  a  cow  like  Tina  Clay  Queen) 1,804  pounds 

Milk  (by  a  cow  like  Rose) 3,800  pounds 

Butter  (by  a  cow  like  Tina  Clay  Queen) 75  pounds 

Butter  (by  a  cow  like  Rose) 221  pounds 

Cheese  (by  a  cow  like  Tina  Clay  Queen) 147  pounds 

Cheese  (by  a  cow  like  Rose) 488  pounds 

In  addition  to  house  plans,  interior,  and  other  material  for  stu- 
dents' work  the  household  science  department  showed  the  total  food 
value  of  all  these  products  in  terms  of  proteins,  carbohydrates,  fats, 
and  total  nutrients.  The  energy  content  per  acre  was  shown  in  terms 
of  calories,  and  the  cost  per  pound  of  each  at  the  retail  price.  It  also 
showed  the  equivalents  in  total  nutrients  and  in  total  proteins  of  a 
cjuart  of  milk  as  compared  with  fifteen  common  food  materials.  An- 
other chart  showed  a  day's  ration  for  one  person,  according  to  accepted 
dietary  standards  at  a  cost  of  twenty-five  cents  for  the  raw  material. 

COLLEGE  OF  ENGINEERING 

The  articles  contributed  by  this  college  were  arranged  in  an  al- 
cove, partly  enclosed  by  cases  of  books  and  for  folding  frames  on  which 
were  placed  photographs  and  diagrams  mounted  on  large  cards.  A 
larger  case  contained  the  more  bulky  specimens  of  the  work  of  students 
in  the  engineering  shops.  Above  these  cases  were  placed  on  the  walls 
enlarged  views  and  some  original  designs  by  architectural  students. 

A  large  series  of  good  photographs,  arranged  for  convenient  ex- 
amination, presented  views  of  all  buildings  occupied  by  the  College  of 
Engineering,  especially  of  their  interiors,  showing  class  and  drawing 
rooms,  shops  and  laboratories,  incidentally  illustrating  much  of  the 
equipment  of  machines  and  apparatus.  A  series  of  large  diagrams  and 
tables  afforded  full  information  concerning  the  very  remarkable  in- 
crease in  the  number  of  students  in  attendance  during  recent  years. 

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ENGINEERING  BUILDING 


Since  the  engineering  shops  form  a  part  of  the  department  of  me- 
chanical engineering,  the  larger  and  more  obvious  portion  of  the  entire 
exhibit  was  contributed  by  this  department.  The  shop  work  of  students 
comprised  a  complete  series  for  the  course  during  the  first  two  years  in 
woodwork,  forging,  foundry,  in  the  use  of  machines,  and  in  bench 
work,  progressing  from  the  most  elementary  to  complex  forms.  Great 
care  is  devoted  to  methods  and  instruction  here,  not  for  teaching  trades 
or  training  mechanics,"  but  to  show  the  future  engineer  how  to  handle 
materials  and  combine  them  in  a  machine  or  structure,  in  order  that  he 
may  be  able  intehigently  to  design  for  economical  construction.  The 
system  employed  here  is  not  excelled  elsewhere. 

Advanced  work  of  similar  character  was  shown  by  the  cylinders 
of  Sayers  &  Zimmerman's  sixty-five  horse  power  tandem  compound 
steam  engine,  designed  and  built  by  students,  and  to  be  placed  in  the 
new  steam  engineering  laboratory;  an  Oliver  recording  machine  for 
testing  motors ;  also  numerous  small  tools  made  in  the  shops  by  stu- 
dents, and  shown  as  specimens  of  excellent  workmanship. 

Illustrating  advanced  work  in  machine  design  there  were  shown 
complete  working  drawings  for  Kuss  &  Skinner's  eighty-five  horse 
power  engine  for  superheated  steam  and  Park's  steam  hammer;  (2)  a 
series  of  students'  note  books  in  shops  and  laboratories;  (3)  some 
bound  copies  of  these  by  seniors ;  and  (4)  a  case  containing  copies  of  all 
text  books  used  in  the  entire  course  in  mechanical  engineering. 

The  department  of  civil  engineering  furnished  a  large  series  of 
note  and  field  books,  copies  of  working  designs  for  engineering  struc- 

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Report   of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

tures,  reports  from  cement  lal)oratory.  and  several  examples  of  thesis 
by  senior  students.  Especial  care  was  taken  fully  to  illustrate  the  ex- 
cellent course  of  study  in  the  different  branches  of  surveying,  especially 
in  its  application  to  railway  engineering,  and  in  the  economical  design 
and  construction  of  steel  bridges — a  matter  of  vital  importance  to  rail- 
ways with  rapidly  increasing  weight  of  trains.  Much  time  and  study 
have  been  devoted  by  the  department  to  experiments  on  lime  and 
cement  mortars  and  concrete,  obtaining  results  that  have  become  classic 
in  engineering,  and  this  work  was  fully  shown  in  the  exhibit. 

The  department  of  applied  mechanics  pays  chief  attention  to  in- 
struction and  experiments  in  its  well  equipped  laboratories  concerning 
the  strength  of  engineering  materials.  The  exhibits  chiefly  consisted 
of  numerous  specimens  of  materials  showing  the  result  of  experiments 
on  steel,  cast  iron,  wood  under  various  stresses,  concrete,  and  especiallv 
paving  bricks,  to  which  especial  attention  has  been  devoted.  To  these 
are  added  a  series  of  problems  in  mechanics  and  another  on  note  books 
or  laboratory  experiments. 

From  the  department  of  architecture  was  sent  a  series  of  framed 
designs  by  students,  mostly  prepared  as  the  final  work  before  gradua- 
tion and  giving  evidence  of  the  attainments  of  each  man.  The  prin- 
cipal subjects  were:  "Chautauqua  Assembly,"  "Country  Club,"  "Music 
school,"  and  an  "Institutional  Church."  A  special  illustrated  circular 
of  information  concerning  this  department  was  printed  and  distributed 
to  visitors. 

The  department  of  physics  contributed  photographs  of  its  labora- 
tories and  apparatus,  sets  of  students'  note  books  in  general  and  ad- 
vanced physics,  and  especially  a  complete  series  of  the  excellent  prob- 
lems devised  for  students'  experiments,  the  result  of  many  years  of  ex- 
perience in  this  department. 


COLLEGE  OF  MEDICINE 

The  exhibit  of  the  Colleg'e  of  Medicine  consisted  of  a  large  series 
of  normal  and  pathological  specimens  and  dextrously  executed  dissec- 
tions of  various  portions  of  the  human  body.  These  were  mounted  so 
as  to  show  to  the  best  advantage  the  special  peculiarities  in  each  case 
and  so  as  to  secure  permanent  preservation. 


On  the  whole  the  exhibits  from  the  University  afforded  an  excel- 
lent exposition  of  its  equipment  and  of  material  results  of  its  training ; 
the  spirit  that  vivifies  its  method  can  not  be  made  known  at  an  exhibi- 
tion, but  can  only  be  ascertained  by  careful  personal  investigation. 

Grand  Prizes  were  given  the  University  exhibit  as  a  whole,  also  to 
the  Mechanical  Engineering  exhibit.  The  experiment  station  illustrat- 
ing the  breeding  of  corn  and  the  treatment  of  soils,  under  the  direction 
of  Dr.  C.  T.  Hopkins,  also  received  a  Grand  Prize. 

From  August  ist  until  the  close  of  the  Fair,  Mrs.  Laura  B.  Evans 
was  in  immediate  charge  of  the  University  exhibit. 

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Exhibits  from  the  Medical  and  Dental  Colleges 
of  the  University  of  Illinois 


REPORT  OF  SUPERINTENDENT 

DR.    W.    T.    ECKLEY,  979   Jackson    Blvd.,    Chicago 


The  medical  and  dental  departments  of  the  University  of  Illinois 
exhibited  their  respective  products  illustrative  of  their  technical  instruc- 
tion, in  the  south  balcony  of  the  Palace  of  Education,  in  the  section  of 
Charities  and  Correction,  of  the  Department  of  Social  Economy,  Louis- 
iana Purchase  Exposition. 

Collectively,  their  exhibits  were  educational  and  rq^resented  in 
large  part  the  work  of  the  students  of  these  two  departments  of  the 
L'niversity.  Much  credit  for  the  successful  outcome  of  the  exhibit  is 
due  the  dean,  Dr.  AMlliam  E.  Otiinn,  and  the  secretary.  Dr.  D.  A.  K. 
Steele  of  the  medical  department,  and  Dr.  B.  J.  Cigrand  and  Dr.  C.  E. 
Jones,,  dean  and  secretary  respectively,  of  the  Dental  school. 

The  medical  exhibit  was  awarded  a  grand  prize,  and  it  is  indeed 
significant  and  a  fact  of  which  every  citizen  of  our  state  may  justly  feel 
proud,  that  our  dental  school  captiu'ed  the  only  gold  medal  awarded  for 
dental  school  exhibits. 

Every  effort  was  made  by  the  exhibitors  to  make  the  temporary 
stay  of  their  visitors  one  of  comfort,  profit  and  recreation.  Every 
specimen  exhibited  was  in  itself  an  art  study  for  the  layman,  and  a 
scientific  study  for  the  physician  and  dentist.  To  add  not  only  to  the 
attractiveness,  but  also  to  the  scientific  usefulness,  a  well  equipped  read- 
ing room,  provided  with  literature  bearing  directly  on  the  specimens 
exhibited,  was  maintained,  and  many,  indeed,  were  the  visitors  who 
availed  themselves  of  its  privileges. 

From  June  to  December  first  the  sotith  balcony  was  visited  by 
about  I  ^o.ooo  sightseers,  and  taking  into  consideration  the  location  in 
the  balcony  and  the  intimate  relation  l)orne  liy  medicine  to  the  common 
aft'airs  of  human  life,  we  justly  conclude  that  the  vast  numbers  of  visi- 
tors, representing  every  nation,  contained  more  than  idle  curiosity  seek- 
ers. The  L'niversity  of  Illinois  showed  the  world  the  full  meaning  of 
practical  instruction  in  medicine  and  dentistry — a  logical  consumma- 
tion only,  however,  when  it  is  recalled  that  Chicago  today  is  the  great- 
est medical  center  on  the  continent  and  the  L^niversit'y  of  Illinois,  in 
point  of  monetary  resources,  second  to  no  institution  of  learning  in  the 
United  States. 

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Report  of   the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 


PHYSIOLOGICAL  LABORATORY 


For  evident  reasons  associated  with  clinical  instruction  and  the 
study  of  anatomy  and  pathology  on  the  dead,  the  medical  and  dental 
departments  of  the  University  of  Illinois  are  located  in  Chicago.  In  a 
modern  medical,  or  dental  education,  clinical  or  bedside  instruction  is  a 
necessary  adjunct  to  didactic  lectures.  In  Chicago  thousands  of  sick 
annually  visit  the  free  clinics  and  dispensaries,  both  medical  and  dental, 
and  while  in  the  capacity  of  patients  they  receive  all  the  benefits  of  mod- 
ern therapeutic  or  surgical  methods,  they  in  turn  confer  on  their  bene- 
factors, the  professional  schools,  incalculable  good  by  permitting  their 
ailments  to  be  studied  by  the  students,  under  competent  clinical  instruc  • 
tors.  A  great  city  then,  having  ample  clinical  advantages,  is  necessary 
to  the  welfare  of  professional  schools  looking  to  the  greatest  good  of 
humanity;  hence,  the  reciprocity  between  the  impecunious  patient  and 
the  student  of  medicine  and  dentistry  works  a  double  good. 

It  is  in  the  dissecting  room  and  post-mortem  chamber  that  the  stu- 
dent learns  the  delicate  art  of  using  scalpel,  forceps,  tenaculum,  ligature 
and  bandage.  Here  he  acquires  a  knowledge  of  form,  relations,  nutri  - 
tion,  function  and  adaptability  of  organs  to  environment.  Here  he 
studies  pathology,  the  science  treating  of  organs  influenced  by  injury  or 
disease.     Here  he  studies  the  results  of  fractures  and  dislocations,  and 


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Report  of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 


PATHOLOGICAL  LABORATORY 


witnesses  the  ravages  of  tuberculosis  and  cancer.  Here  in  a  word,  the 
future  diagnostician  of  disease  is  incubated. 

The  recent  exhibits  of  the  medical  and  dental  schools  of  the  Uni- 
versity were  principally  on  anatomy  and  pathology.  Anyone  having 
studied  the  exhibits  and  appreciated  the  amount  of  time  and  material 
consumed  in  their  preparation  must  endorse  the  decision  of  the  jurors 
awarding  the  prizes,  and  heartily  commend  both  the  faculty  and  stu- 
dents of  the  institution  exhibiting  them. 

The  exhibit  was  conducted  and  planned  on  lines  consistent  with 
the  policy  and  spirit  of  the  promoters  of  the  Exposition,  viz :  to  show 
something  practical  and  the  principles  underlying  its  production.  The 
reader  or  observer  may  judge  for  himself  our  success  in  following  this 
precept,  when  he  recalls  that  we  exhi1)ited  dissections  of  all  parts  of  the 
human  body,  duplicate  in  many  instances  by  parallel  dissections  on  the 
lower  animals ;  that  we  presented  beautifully  mounted  pathological 
specimens  prepared  under  the  direction  of  Prof.  W.  A.  Evans,  collect- 
ively illustrative  of  all  the  diseased  conditions  of  the  human  body  in  this 
latitude;  that  we  brought  together  in  our  model  dissection  and  post- 
mortem room  unit,  the  latest  instruments,  antiseptics  and  other  con- 
veniences for  both  dissecting  material  and  operators. 

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Report  of   the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

As  in  the  practice  of  his  pi-ofession.  the  law  inticipates  on  the  part 
of  the  practitioner  the  possession  of  ordinary  skill  and  the  exercise  of 
ordinary  care,  so  here  are  our  students  taught  the  practical  lesson  thai 
ordinary  care  and  ordinary  skill  contemplate  aseptic  and  antiseptic  pre- 
cautions. 

That  our  exhihit  might  be  more  closely  in  touch  with  the  practical, 
as  estiinated  by  the  practitioner  of  medicine,  we  accepted  the  assistance 
of  the  following  gentlemen  who  at  the  time  the  exhibit  was  in  ])repara- 
tion  were  doing  post  graduate  work  in  our  scliool.  Dr.  (laines  of 
Bates  City,  Missouri,  contributed  a  dissection  showing  the  brain  and 
spinal  cord  in  situ :  Dr.  \Tctor.  of  Iowa,  presented  pelyic  and  articular 
dissections;  Drs.  Hughes  and  Dilworth  of  Indiana  and  California 
respectiyely,  dissected  the  human  head  and  neck,  elaborated  with  refer- 
ence to  surgical  operations  in  these  regions ;  Drs.  Skinner  and  Skinner 
of  Bano-or,  N.  H..  contributed  dissections  of  the  extremities  and  ab- 
dominal  organs  :  Dr.  Parsons  of  Dakota  contributed  many  valuable  and 
practical  specimens.  With  one  exception,  these  gentlemen  are  alumni 
of  medical  colleges  other  than  our  own.  Each,  however,  brought  his 
own  ideas  of  originality  and  inc(^rporated  the  same  in  his  work.  Each 
had  been  practising  medicine  for  years,  and  consequently  our  exhibit 
profited  not  only  by  the  product  of  his  handiwork,  but  also  by  the  light 
of  his  genius,  experience,  originality  and  practical  views. 

A  number  of  individuals  affiliated  with  the  school  of  friendship 
and  confidence  only,  exhibited  their  products  under  the  banner  of  the 
College  of  Physicians  and  Surgeons  of  Chicago.  Each  was  awarded 
a  gold  medal  on  his  exhibit.  Each  was  a  specialist  in  his  particular 
line,  a  circumstance  always  enhancing  the  comparative  value  of  a  com- 
modity. Each  exhil)ited  article  had  a  direct  bearing  either  on  anatomy 
or  pathology,  hence  it  enhanced  correspondingly  the  value  of  the  gen- 
eral exhibit  in  its  totality.  Dr.  James  Moores  Ball,  author  of  Modern 
Ophthalmology,  a  resident  in  St.  Louis,  contributed  his  private  collec- 
tion of  diseased  and  injured  human  eyes,  consisting  of  twenty-five  jars. 
Dr.  Gustav  Futterer  of  Chicago,  contributed  micro-photographs  and 
descriptive  reprints  embodying  his  orinigal  research  on  "Genuine  Epi- 
thelial Hyperpasia  Artificially  Produced  in  the  Stomach  of  Ralobits.'" 
I.  D.  Young,  Pontiac,  Illinois,  and  student  of  Barnes  ]\Iedical  College. 
St.  Louis,  presented  a  dissection  of  brain  and  spinal  cord  in  continuity. 
C.  D.  Kiler,  Belleflower,  Illinois,  exhibited  a  rare  specimen  of  swine 
with  two  heads  and  six  legs.  Truax  Green  &  Company,  Chicago,  ex- 
hibited the  most  complete  and  extensi\-e  collection  of  abnormal  and 
pathologic  bones  in  America.  Kny-Scherer  of  Xew  York,  and  W  .  R. 
Grady  of  Chicago,  furnished  instruments,  and  the  National  Embalm- 
ing Company  of  Westport,  Connecticut,  furnished  a  complete  embalm- 
ing apparatus  for  the  "Model  Dissecting  Room."  \^an  Horn  and  Saw- 
tell,  and  Seabury  and  Johnson  of  Xew  York,  furnished  respectively  a 
complete  line  of  catgut  and  surgical  s]:)ecialties.  The  infiuence  of  our 
medical  and  dental  schools  extends  from  ocean  to  ocean. 

The  following  publishers  of  medical  books  exhibited  ])ul)lications 
having  direct  bearing  on  anatomic  and  pathologic  specimens :     H.  E. 

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Report  of   the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

Colegrove,  the  Cleveland  Press,  the  Chicago  Medical  Book  Company, 
Chicago ;  Leo  Bros,  and  P.  Blakiston's  Son  &  Company,  Philadelphia ; 
D.  Appleton  &  Company,  New  York, 

Through  the  courtesy  of  the  United  States  Fish  Commission,  the 
Illinois  Fish  Commission  and  Mr.  Van  Hook  of  the  Fish,  Forestry  and 
Game  Building,  our  exhibit  came  into  possession  of  a  rare  collection  of 
fish  for  dissection.  Special  attention  was  and  is  at  present  being  given 
to  dissection  of  the  edible  and  game  fish  of  the  Illinois  waters. 

The  south  balcony  was  shared  with  us  by  the  following  institu- 
tions :  Washington  University ;  University  of  St.  Louis,  Health  De- 
partment of  St.  Louis ;  Creighton  Medical  College,  Omaha ;  and  Mc- 
Gill  University,  Toronto,  Canada. 

In  our  exhibit  were  found  specimens  illustrating  the  following 
branches  of  medical  and  dental  science,  which  were  available  to  those 
especially  interested  in  these  particular  lines  of  investigation : 

Osteology    200  specimens 

Pelvic   Dissections 24  specimens 

Head   Dissections 46  specimens 

Nervous  System 22  specimens 

Urinary  Organs 14  specimens 

Respiratory  Organs 17  specimens 

Liver  and  Stomach 16  specimens 

Generative  and  Urinary  Organs.  ...    10  specimens 

Unclassified  Specimens 206  specimens 

Dental   display 327  specimens 


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Report  of   the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 


State  Institutions 

Committee. -J.  P.   MAHONEY,  Chairman;  T.   K.  CONDIT,   H.   M.   DUNLAP 


ILLINOIS  INSTITUTION  FOR  THE   EDUCATION  OF  THE   BLIND 

Report  of  the  Superintendent. — J.   H.   FREEMAN,  Jacksonville 


This  institution  had  an  active  exhibit,  extending  over  a  period  of 
seven  weeks,  and  an  inactive  or  "dead"  exhibit  displayed  throughoni 
the  entire  six  months  of  the  Exposition. 

In  the  active  exhibit  it  was  the  aim  to  show  by  means  of  classes, 
not  only  how  the  blind  are  taught,  but  to  give  the  public  an  opportunity 
to  form  a  more  intelligent  and  accurate  opinion  in  regard  to  the  ability 
of  this  class  of  pupils  to  become  educated. 

During  the  month  of  June  a  class  of  boys  illustrated  the  work 
done  in  our  sloyd  department,  and  class  of  girls  exemplified  the  pro- 
cesses employed  in  sewing,  crocheting,  bead,  raphia,  and  other  kinds 
of  industrial  work. 

In  the  latter  part  of  August  and  the  first  two  weeks  in  September, 
another  class  was  at  the  Fair.  Besides  illustrating  the  work  done  in 
our  literary  and  musical  departments,  our  printer,  a  blind  man,  was 
present  to  show  our  stereotype  machine  and  to  explain  the  manner  in 
which  it  is  used. 

During  the  week  beginning  October  17,  the  i8th  of  that  month 
being  "Helen  Kellar  Day,"  Emma  Kubicek.  our  deaf-blind  girl,  with 
her  teacher.  Mrs.  Jordan,  was  at  the  Fair.  Thousands  of  visitors  ob- 
served her  work  and  expressed  their  appreciation  as  well  as  surprise  at 
what  had  been  accomplished  in  the  education  of  this  blind,  deaf  and 
dumb  girl. 

In  the  "dead"  exhibit  we  displayed  hammocks,  horse  nets,  brooms 
and  brushes  made  in  our  shop  department,  and  a  piano  constructed  by 
our  teacher  of  piano-tuning,  a  blind  man,  from  parts  furnished  by  a 
manufacturer.  From  our  sloyd  rooms  we  sent  such  articles  as  a  spice- 
cabinet,  taboret,  a  flower-pot  stand,  tool-rack,  a  checker  board,  hatchet 
handle,  picture  frame,  glove  box,  pen  tray,  etc.  From  the  girls'  work- 
rooms we  exhibited  a  fire-screen,  pillow  baskets,  sewing  bags,  broom 
handles  made  from  raphia,  chains,  napkin  rings,  cup  and  saucer,  twine 
holder,  broom  holder,  needle  books,  picture  frames,  e^c,  made  from 
beads ;  and  shawls,  jackets,  moccasins,  slippers,  etc.,  illustrating  the 
work  in  crotcheting.  We  exhibited  also  specimens  of  button-hole 
making,  quilt  pieces,  handkerchiefs,  slippers,  lace  work,  made  by  hand, 

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Report  of   the   Illinois   Commission   to    the   Louisiana    Purchase   Exposition 

and  the  following  made  on  the  machine:  dresses,  skirts,  night  dresses, 
aprons,  drawers,  corest  covers,  etc. 

In  a  cabinet  purchased  for  that  purpose  we  exhil)ited  twenty-four 
photographs  showing  our  buildings,  chapel,  general  dining  room,  sev- 
eral of  the  class  rooms  with  the  pupils  engaged  in  their  studies,  groups 
of  the  pupils  by  classes  or  departments,  the  typewriting  room  with 
pupils  and  teacher  at  work,  the  printing  room,  and  other  imj^ortant 
features  of  the  school.  In  the  cabinet  the  work  done  in  our  literary 
department  was  also  displayed,  the  classes  from  the  kindergarten  to 
the  high  school  being  represented.  The  work  except  what  was  done 
on  the  Remington  typewriter  was  in  the  Braille  notation,  and  em- 
liraced  nearly  all  the  studies  pursued  in  our  school.  While  the  work 
in  the  Braille  notation  could  not  be  understood  by  the  general  public. 
it  was  inspected  bv  instructors  from  other  institutions  for  the  blind  and 
recei\'ed  words  of  warm  commendation. 

The  interest  evinced  by  the  many  \-isitors  who  congregated  about 
the  bt^oths  in  the  Education  Building  where  our  pupils  were  at  work, 
and  who  inspected  the  many  articles  which  they  had  made  with  their 
hands,  is  evidence  of  the  wisdom  of  the  Illinois  World's  Fair  Com- 
mission in  providing  the  means  of  making  such  an  exhibition  of  our 
processes  and  products. 

The  institution  for  the  education  of  the  Ijlind  was  awarded  a 
grand  prize,  also  a  gold  medal,  and  Mr.  Hugh  A.  Reynolds,  a  blind 
man  and  teacher  of  piano,  was  awarded  a  silver  medal. 


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Report  of  the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 


State  Institutions 

CONTINUED 

ILLINOIS  SCHOOL  FOR  THE  DEAF 

Report  of  Superintendent,  C.  P.  GILLETT,  Jacksonville 


The  exhibit  of  the  IlHnois  School  for  the  Deaf,  at  the  Louisiana 
Purchase  Exposition  was  installed  in  the  Model  School  for  the  Deaf  in 
the  Education  Building,  and  was  presented  as  two  exhibits  at  different 
times,  the  first  in  July  and  August,  and  afterward  in  September.  The 
first  exhibit,  a  class  representing  the  industrial  department  of  the  in- 
stitution, was  detailed  to  run  a  printing  press,  the  use  of  which  was 
accorded  by  courtesy  of  the  Meihle  Printing  Press  Company,  of  Chi- 
cago, 111.  The  instructor  and  boys  who  participated  in  this  exhibit 
took  much  interest  in  the  work,  with  creditable  results.  A  quantity 
of  illustrated  pamphlets  were  struck  off  and  given  to  visitors  as  sou- 
venirs. Industrial  training  is  an  important  feature  of  this  institution, 
and  it  would  have  been  desirable  to  have  had  a  display  from  the  other 
departments  of  industry,  of  which  there  are  several,  had  it  been  prac- 
ticable. The  class  w^as  honored  with  a  visit  from  the  Governor  and 
the  Illinois  World's  Fair  Commissioners  at  the  time  of  their  tour  of 
inspection  of  the  various  exhibits  of  the  State.  This  institution  was 
the  only  one  that  made  a  successful  exhibit  in  press  work. 

In  September  an  exhibit  of  an  entirely  different  character  was 
conducted,   consisting  of  two  classes  of  children   from  the  primary 
grades  of  the  literary  department  of  the  institution — a  third  year  class 
the  first  half  of  the  month,  and  a  fifth  grade  the  latter  half.     The  tax 
upon  the  teachers  and  pupils  being  severe,  the  classes  were  detailed 
for  but  two  weeks  each.     The  results  were  highly  satisfactory  in  the 
\  case   of   both   classes.     Visitors   were  constantly   in   attendance,    the 
1  crowds  being  so  great  at  times  that  many  could  not  satisfactorily  ob- 
!  serve  the  work.     There  were  those  who  made  repeated  visits,  and  much 
I  interest  was  manifested.     Many  thoughtful  inquiries  were  made  about 
j  the  institution,  the  w'ork  and  results  accomplished,  etc.,  and  it  was  evi- 
dent that  a  new  field  of  labor  was  presented  to  the  minds  of  many.    The 
section  of  the  building  where  the  exhibit  was  installed  was  a  rendez- 
vous for  deaf  people  from  all  parts  of  the  country.     These  two  classes 
were  from  the  oral  department  of  the  school,  and  this,  the  oral  method 
of  instruction,  made  a  deep  impression  upon  the  visitors.     But  in  con- 
versation out  of  school  hours,  the  children  lieing  permitted  to  commun- 
icate with  one  another  by  means  of  the  sign  language,  the  attention  and 
niterest  of  the  spectators  in  their  conversation  was  enlisted. 

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Report   of   the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana    Purchase   Exposition 

There  were  similar  exhibits  from  institutions  of  other  States,  all 
of  a  highly  creditable  character.  The  work  of  the  Illinois  school  was 
such  as  to  bear  most  favorable  comparison  with  others.  It  afforded 
opportunity  to  demonstrate  to  the  public  what  the  institution  is  ac- 
complishing'. Several  hundred  persons  visit  the  institution  in  the 
course  of  a  vear.  but  the  work  that  was  done  at  the  Fair  was  brought 
to  the  attention  of  a  great  many  who  would  never  ha^•e  occasion  to 
visit  the  school  at  Jacksonville.  Thus  good  was  accomplished  by  the 
exhibit  so  far  as  the  public  was  concerned,  and  the  time,  labor  and 
money  that  was  involved  was  well  expended. 

The  superintendent  has  received  notice  that  a  gold  medal  prize 
v;as  awarded  the  school. 


1^9 


Report  of  the  Illinois  Commission   to   the  Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 


Juvenile  Court  Exhibit 


REPORT  OF  SUPERINTENDENT 

N.    G.    FRANKLIN,   625    W.  Adams   Street,    Chicago 


The  Juvenile  Court  law  of  Illinois  was  passed  by  the  Legislature 
in  1899,  and  became  operative  July  first,  of  the  same  year. 

Under  the  beneficent  provisions  of  the  law,  good  results  are  al- 
ready seen  in  the  diminution  of  juvenile  crime,  the  minimizing  of  tru- 
ancy, the  improvement  of  homes,  the  gradual,  though  sure,  uplifting 
of  wayward  children. 

Through  the  operations  of  the  Juvenile  Court,  all  child-saving  or- 
ganizations have  been  crystallized  and  through  united  effort  great  im- 
])rovement  is  shown.  Co-operation  in  child  saving  is  necessary,  for 
upon  this  text :  "It  is  wiser  and  less  expensive  tO'  save  children  than  to 
punish  criminals,"  all  must  agree  and  all  must  have  the  same  end  in 
view. 

Students  from  European  universities  have  made  full  and  exhaus- 
tive studies  of  the  Juvenile  Court  exhibit,  and  great  interest  was  mani- 
fested in  its  workings,  not  only  by  citizens  of  Illinois,  but  from  nearly 
all  the  great  commonwealths  of  the  Union. 

To  the  student  of  Sociology,  the  exhibit  has  afforded  valuable 
data  and  to  the  casual  observer  it  has  been  a  source  of  profit.  The  law 
is  so  framed  that  all  its  benefits  apply  to  the  entire  State. 

The  purpose  of  the  law  is  indicated  in  its  title :  "An  act  to  regulate 
the  treatment,  and  control  of  dependent,  neglected  and  delinquent 
children."  The  purpose  of  the  law  is  further  defined  in  section  21,  to- 
wit : 

"That  the  care,  custody  and  discipline  of  a  child  shall  approximate 
as  nearly  as  may  be  that  which  should  be  given  by  its  parents,  and  in  all 
cases  where  it  can  be  properly  done,  the  child  to  be  placed  in  an  ap- 
proved home  and  become  a  member  of  the  family  by  legal  adoption  or 
otherwise." 

The  law  applies  to  two  classes  of  children : 

First.  Dependent  children,  i,  c,  children  under  the  age  of  six- 
teen years,  who  are  "destitute,  homeless,  or  dependent," — dependent 
upon  the  public  for  support,  without  proper  parental  care,  residents  in 
disreputable  homes,  having  unfit  homes,  and  children  under  ten  years 
of  age  who  are  found  begging,  peddling  or  participating  in  public  en- 
tertainments. 

Second.  Delinquent  children,  /.  r..  boys  and  g-irls  under  sixteen 
years  of  age  who  are  criminal,  incorrigible,  associates  of  thieves  or 

190 


Report  of   ihe   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase  Exposition 

vicious  persons,   or  who   frequent  houses  of  ill   fame,   or  gambling- 
houses. 

Any  reputable  citizen  of  the  county  may  petition  in  1)elialf  of  a 
dependent  or  delinquent  child.  Tlie  petition  must  be  filed  either  with 
the  circuit  of  county  court  of  any  county.  In  Chicago  such  petitions 
g-Q  to  the  Juvenile  Court. 

The  law  is  expressly  formed  to  avoid  treating  a  child  as  a  criminal, 
to  this  end  the  proceedings  are  divested  of  all  the  features  which  attach 
to  a  criminal  proceeding. 

Instead  of  a  "complaint"  or  "indictment,"  there  is  a  "petition;" 
instead  of  a  "warrant,"  there  is  a  summons.  The  child  is  not  "ar- 
rested," but  is  brought  in  by  a  parent  or  guardian,  or  by  a  probation 
officer. 

The  law  expressly  forbids  keeping  a  child  under  twelve  years  of 
age  in  any  jail  or  lockup,  but  he  is  to  be  temporarily  in  a  "Detention 
Home,"  or  other  suitable  place  outside  of  the  jail.  When  a  child  is 
brought  into  court,  the  inquiry  is  with  reference  to  the  condition  of  the 
child.  Is  there  a  condition  of  dependency,  or  a  condition  of  delin- 
quency? Instead  of  a  prosecutor,  there  is  a  "probation  officer"  who  is 
there  not  to  convict  the  child,  but  to  represent  his  interests.  Instead  of 
a  jury  of  twelve  men,  there  is  a  jury  of  six  men,  or  no  jury  at  all.  The 
child  is  not  "convicted,"  but  is  "found  dependent,"  or  "found  delin- 
quent." The  child  is  not  "sentenced"  to  a  reformatory  or  prison,  but 
is  committed  to  the  care  of  a  probation  officer,  or  to  the  care  of  a 
friendly  institution.  The  proceedings  in  court  are  informal.  The 
strict  rules  of  evidence  are  not  adhered  to. 

The  effort  is,  first  to  find  out  what  is  the  best  thing  to  be  done  for 
a  child ;  and  second,  if  possible,  to  do  it. 

When  a  child  under  sixteen  years  of  age  violates  the  law,  /.  c,  be- 
comes delinquent,  or  if  it  is  dependent,  it  is  taken  to  the  Detention 
Home,  where  he  is  detained  until  such  time  as  he  may  be  taken  to  the 
Juvenile  Court,  when  the  court  determines  the  condition  of  delinquency 
or  dependency. 

I  The  Court,  after  hearing  the  evidence,  then  places  the  child  in 

'such  institution  as  may  best  be  suited  for  the  case,  or  he  may  place  him 
in  a  sui^-able  home,  or  may  turn  him  over  to  a  probation  officer,  who 
looks  after  his  interests.  Under  the  instructions  of  the  Court,  the 
,  child  is  ordered  to  report  from  time  to  time  to  a  probation  officer  whose 
I  duty  it  is  to  examine  into  the  condition  of  the  home,  note  environments 
'and  report  to  the  Court  full  history  of  the  case,  or  the  Court  mav  com- 
imit  such  child,  if  a  boy,  to  a  training  school  for  boys,  or.  if  a  girl,  to  an 
^industrial  school  for  girls,  or  the  Court  may  commit  any  child  to  an 
institution  within  the  county  incorporated  under  the  laws  in  this 
,  State,  that  may  care  for  delinquent  children,  or  be  provided  by  a  city 
I  or  county  suitable  for  the  care  of  such  children,  or  to  the  care  of  any 
'State  inshtution  which  may  be  established  for  the  care  of  delinquent 
(boys,  or,  if  a  girl,  over  the  age  of  ten  (lo)  years,  to  the  State  Home 
jtor  Juvenile  Female  Offenders.  In  no  case  shall  a  child  be  committed 
; beyond  his  or  her  minority.     A  child  committeed  to  such  an  institution 

191 


Report   of   the    Illinois   Commission    to   the   Louisiana    Purchase   Exposition 

shall  be  subject  to  the  control  of  the  Board  of  Managers  thereof,  and 
the  Board  of  Managers  shall  have  ])ower  to  parole  such  child  on  such 
conditions  as  it  may  prescribe,  and  the  Court  shall,  on  such  recom- 
mendations of  the  Board,  have  power  to  discharge  such  child  from 
custody  whenever,  in  the  judgment  of  the  Court,  his  or  her  reformation 
is  complete;  or  the  Court  may  commit  the  child  to  the  custody  of  some 
association  that  will  receive  it,  embracing  in  its  objects  the  care  of  neg- 
lected or  dependent  children. 

This  report  would  not  be  complete  without  referring  to  those  wise 
men  and  women  who  worked  so  long  and  faithfully  to  make  it  success- 
ful. To  Judges  Richard  S.  Tuthill,  Harvey  B.  Hurd,  Justice  T.  D. 
Hurley,  who  put  in  motion  the  machinery  of  the  Juvenile  Court,  and 
to  Mrs.  Lucy  M.  Flower,  Miss  Julia  C.  Lathrop,  Mrs.  Joseph  K. 
Bowen,  and  many  others  who  assisted  so  materially  in  advancing  the 
work,  every  citizen  of  Chicago  should  feel  indebted. 

A  gold  medal  was  awarded  the  Juvenile  Court  exhibit. 


192 


Report  of   the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana    Purchase   Exposition 


GlRl^'  ROOM 


State   Training   School  for  Girls 


REPORT  OF  SUPERINTENDENT 

OPHELIA   L.    AMIGH.  Geneva 


In  1893  a  law  was  passed  by  the  General  Assembly  of  the  State 
of  Illinois,  providing-  for  a  institution  which  shall  be  known  as  a  State 
Home  for  Juvenile  Female  Offenders.  This  home  was  located  at 
Geneva,  Illinois,  and  buildings  erected,  which  upon  completion  were 
open  for  the  reception  of  girls  between  the  ages  of  ten  and  sixteen 
years,  who  might  be  committed  thereto  by  due  process  of  law. 

The  provisions  for  the  law  are  as  follows :  Whenever  any  girl 
lietween  the  ages  of  ten  and  sixteen  years  is  convicted,  before  any  court 
lit  record,  of  anv  oft'ense,  which  if  con.imitted  by  an  adult,  would  be 
l>unishable  by  confinement  in  any  house  of  correction  or  county  jail. 
^uch  juvenile  offender  may  be  committed  1)y  the  order  of  such  court  to 
the  State  Home  for  Juvenile  Female  Offenders,  for  a  time  not  less 
than  one  year  nor  beyond  their  minority. 

193 


13 


Report  of  the   Illinois  Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 


LAUNDRY  ROOM,  STATE  HOME  FOR   GIRLS 

Any  girl  committed  under  the  provision  of  this  act  may,  by  the 
trustees  of  said  home,  be  placed  in  the  home  of  any  good  citizen  upon 
such  terms  as  may  be  agreed  upon,  or  as  a  servant  to  follow  any  em- 
ployment which  in  the  judgment  of  the  trustees  will  be  for  her  advant- 
age. In  case  such  girl  is  mistreated  or  the  terms  agreed  upon  are  not 
observed,  then  it  is  the  duty  of  the  trustees  to  take  such  girl  again  into 
the  custody,  care  and  protection  of  said  home. 

The  purpose  of  the  exhibit,  which  was  to  represent  the  State 
Training  School  for  Girls  at  the  Exposition,  was  to  show  what  young 
girls,  who  had  not  cultivated  habits  of  usefulness,  could  do  under  care- 
ful training,  also  to  give  such  encouragement  as  would  make  them 
proud  to  have  their  work  inspected  and  criticised. 

The  exhibit  consisted  of  a  variety  of  useful  articles,  eighty-two 
in  number,  such  as  children's  clothing,  handkerchiefs,  crochet  work, 
doilies,  collars,  and  cuffs,  etc.,  done  so  neatly  as  to  give  evidence  of 
much  careful  training. 

It  was  our  object  to  bring  to  the  attention  of  the  people  of  our  own 
State  the  work  of  this  institution,  that  by  their  encouragement  and  aid 
we  might  enlarge  this  work,  and  be  placed  in  position  to  advance  in  the 
rig-ht  direction. 

Most  of  these  articles  were  made  by  girls  who,  when  they  entered 
the  institution,  could  not  hold  a  needle  properly. 

To  those  who  have  been  interested  in  the  work  of  this  institution, 
we  wish  to  show  that  their  labors  have  born  fruits. 

195 


Report   of   the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana    Purchase   Exposition 

Financial  Report  of  the  Illinois  Commission  to  the  Louisiana 

Purchase  Exposition 


FROM  JULY  20.  1901  TO  DECEMBER  31,  1904 


State  appropriation    $250,000.00 

Received  from  rebates*  and  sale  of  buildinu.  furniture, 

exhibits,  etc S-^'^7-7^    $255-867.76 

Amount  expended,  vouchers  numbered  i  to  1610  inclu- 
sive        239,563.41 

Balance  unexpended,  including  salvage 16,304.35  255,867.76 

SUMMARY   OF  EXPENDITURES 

Illinois  Building,  including  improvements  of  grounds $  88.582.06 

Furniture   and  fixtures 11,437.81 

^laintenance  of  Illinois   Building 18,721.09 

Opening    Day    Ceremonies,    including    transportation    of    National 

( aiards.   April   30th,    1903 2,438.95 

Dedication  of  Illinois  Building,  including  transportation  of  Cadets, 

University  of  Illinois,  May  27th,   1904 3,883.25 

Illinois  Days,  September  21st  and  22d,  1904.  including  expenses  of 

National   Guards    4,129.68 

Secretary's  Ofiice,  salary,  assistants,  expenses,  postage,  etc 12,846.06. 

General  expenses,  including  expenses  members  of  Commission.  . .  .  13,548.79 

Printing    853. 55T 

Press   and   Publicity    2,945.34 

FOR  EXHIBITS. — Expense  of  Installation  and  Maintenance 

Agriculture     $  19,716.12 

Horticulture    12,690.30 

Dairy    3.972-32 

Live  Stock    14,966.03 

Fish    1,492.51 

:\Iines   and   Mineral 6,305.62 

Lincoln  Memorial    1,483-98 

L'niversity  of  Illinois 7,188.78 

Public  and  Normal  Schools 7-647-37 

Physicians  and  Surgeons  (Chicago)  U.  of  1 894.38 

School  for  Deaf  and  Dumb  (Jacksonville) 854.31 

School   for  Blind    (Jacksonville) 1,004.04 

juvenile    Court    (Chicago) 1,806.67 

Training  School   for  Girls    (Geneva) 1 54-40 


$239,553.41 

*  Insurance  rebate  of  S317.46  not  yet  collected  is  included. 

t  This  item  does  not  include  the  expense  of  publisliingr  this  report,  the  contract  for  which  is 
J741.50.  The  publication  in  detail  of  vouchers  will  be  found  in  the  published  reports  of  the 
Auditor  of  State. 

197 


Report  of  the  Illinois  Commission   to   the  Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 


INDEX 


PAGE 


Agriculture   Report    79 

Agriculture   Exhibit    yi 

Agriculture  Exhibit,  list  of  prizes  and  awards 83 

Building   Stone   Industries 154 

Chicago   Day    33 

Corn    Breeding    Exhibit 85 

Crop  Yields  in  Soil  Experiment 93 

Corn  Growers  of  Illinois 98 

Coal  Exhibits   147 

Clay    Exhibits    147 

Coal  Industries  of  Illinois 151 

Clay  Industries  of  Illinois 152,  154 

Coal   Deposits    153 

Dedication   of   Illinois    Building 31 

Description   of   Building 43 

Dairy   Exhibit loi 

Education    17 

Exhibits    29 

Exhibits  from  Medical  and  Dental  Colleges 177 

Fertility  in  Illinois  Surface  Soil 92 

Fluorspar   Exhibit    149 

Fluorspar   Industry    154 

Fish    Exhibit    155 

Horticultural  Exhibit   139 

Illinois  Commission — Ofificers  and  Members 7 

Illinois  Commission — Standing  Committees  of 8 

Illinois  Commission — Exhibits   and    Superintendents 10 

Illinois  Commission  arid  its  Work 27 

Introduction    13 

Illinois  at  the  World's  Fair 21 

Illinois  Days 33 

Illinois   School  for  the  Deaf 187 

Juvenile  Court  Exhibit 190 

Letter   of   Transmittal 11 

List  of  Meetings,  Conventions  and  Receptions 57 

List  of  Persons  and  Firms  participating  in  Dairy  Exhibit 104 

List  of  Awards  to  Live  Stock    (Horses) 108 

List  of  Awards  to  Live  Stock     (Cattle) n8 

List  of  Awards  to  Live  Stock    ( Sheep) 123 

List  of  Awards  to  Live  Stock    ( Swine) 125 

List  of  Awards  to  Live  Stock     (Poultry) 130 

List  of  the  Exhibitors  of  Live  Stock  and  amount  paid  each 135 

List  of  Exhibitors  and  Awards  Fruit  Exhibit 141 

Lincoln   Memorial   Exhibit ' 63 

199 


Report  of   the   Illinois   Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 

INDEX.  -  Concluded 

PAGE 

Live    Stock   Exhibit 107 

Lead  and  Zinc  Exhibit 149 

Mines  and  Metallurgy  Exhibit -145.  153 

Other    State   Institutions 17 

Paint  Exhibits    150 

Public  and  Xormal  School  Exhibits 159 

Report  of  Budding'  Committee 41 

Repart   of   Committee   on    Grounds,   exterior   and    interior    Decoration   of 

Building-    and    Furnishings 47 

Report  by  Mrs.  Ophelia  Amigh,  Superintendent  School  for  Girls 193 

Alfred  Bayliss,  Superintendent  Public  Instruction 159 

Mrs.  T.  K.  Condit.  Secretary  Hostesses 55 

N.  H.  Cohen  and  S.  P.  Bartlett,  Fish  Commission 155 

E.  E.  Chester,  President  Corn  Growers  Association 98 

C.  C.  Craig,  Chairman  x\g-riculture  Committee 71 

H.  M.  Dunlap,  President  Illinois  Commission 27 

Dr.  W.  T.  Eckley,  Superintendent  Physicians  and  Surgeons..  177 

J.  H.  Freeman.  Superintendent  Blind 183 

N.  G.  Franklin,  Superintendent  Juvenile  Court 190 

C.  P.  Gillett,  Superintendent  Deaf 187 

Geo.  E.  Hunt,  Superintendent  Dairy loi 

Prof.  C.  G.  Hopkins,  on  Corn  Breeding 85,  89 

Walter  H.  Jackson,  Superintendent  Mines  and  Minerals 145 

\V.  B.  Otwell,  Superintendent  Agriculture 79 

Prof.   S.  W.  Parr,  on  Mineral  Exhibit 153 

J.   H.   Pettit,  on  Soil  Experiments 89 

H.  M.  Rollins,  Superintendent  Live  Stock 107 

J.  W.  Stanton,   Superintendent  Horticulture 139 

J.  N.  C.  Shumway,  Chairman  Committee 47 

C.  N.  Travous,  Chairman  Building-  Committee 41 

Prof.  J.  M.  White,  University  of  Illinois 167 

Mrs.  Jessie  Palmer  Weber.  Lincoln  Memorial 63 

Selecting-  a  Building-  Site 27 

Sale  of  Building-  and  Furniture 39 

State    of    Illinois 15 

Soil   Exhibit 89 

Score  Card  for  Corn 99 

Stone  Exhibit 148 

Silica  Exhibit    150 

Stone  Industry  of  Illinois 152 

State  Institution  for  the  Blind 183 

State  Training-  School  for  Girls 193 

Table  Showing-  Oil  Content  of  Corn 86 

Table  Showing  Protein  in  Corn 87 

Table  of  Corn  Yields  in  Soil  Experiments 94 

University    of    Illinois 17 

University  of  Illinois  Exhibits 167 

200 


Report  of  the   Illinois  Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase   Exposition 


ILLUSTRATIONS 


PAGE 

Illinois   Buildino-    Frontispiece 

The  Cascades Title  Page 

Hon.  David  R.  Francis 3 

Hon.  Richard  Yates.  Governor 9 

Illinois  Commissioners   12 

<  iovernor  Yates  at  head  of  Illinois  Troops 14 

l<"ourth  Illinois  Infantry.  Galesburg-  Battery 16 

Plaza  and  Monument 18 

Grant's    Cabin    20 

Illinois  Building-  in  process  of  erection 22 

Illinois  Building  in  process  of  erection 24 

Illinois  Building-  in  process  of  erection 26 

Allotment  of  site  of  Illinois  Building 28 

Governor  Yates  and  Illinois  Commissioners  Dedication  Day 31 

Group  of  Illinoisans,  Dedication  Day 32 

Dedication   Day   Group 34 

Mrs.  ^'ates  and  Group  of  Illinois  Ladies 36 

Miss  Mary  E.  Berkey,  Matron t^j 

Julius    Kespohl,    Jr..    Superintendent t,"/ 

C.   J.    Doyle,    Superintendent 37 

Mayor  Harrison  and  President  Francis,  Chicago  Day T)^ 

( iroup  of  Illinoisans,   Illinois  Day 40 

Illinois  Building  from  the  Southeast 42 

iMTurth   Illinois   Infantry 44 

Reception  Room,  Illinois  Building- 46 

Rotunda,    Illinois    Building 48 

Upper    Gallery,    Illinois    Building 50 

The    Ladies    Parlor,    Illinois   Building 51 

Men's  Reading  Room,  Illinois  Building 52 

Hostesses  of  Illinois  Building 54 

University  of  Ilhnois,  Cadets 56 

Governor    Yates    and    Staff 58 

Lincoln   Memorial   Exhibit 62,  64 

Section   of  Agriculture  Exhibit 72,  74,  76,  80 

State  Seal   in  (irain   and  (brasses y^ 

Section    Experiment    Station    Exhibit 86 

Wheat  on  Unglaciatcd  Soil 90 

Soil    Exhibit    9  [ 

Wheat  Croj)  with   Legume  and   Lime  Treatment 94 

201 


Report  of  the  Illinois  Commission   to   the   Louisiana   Purchase  Exposition 

ILLUSTRATIONS.— Concluded 

PAGE 

Wheat  Crop  with  Legume,  Lime  and  Phosphate  Treatment 95 

Effect  of  Potassium  on  Pea  Soils 96 

Busts  of  Lincoln  and  Grant,  in  Butter 102 

Illinois    Butter   Exhibit 103  j 

Exhibit  of   Prize   Herds 106 

Fruit  Exhibit,  Commercial  Packages 140 

Section  of  Fruit  Exhibit 142 

The  Largest  Block  of  Coal 144 

Mines  and   Mineral   Exhibit 146 

Section   of   Fish   Exhibit 156,  157 

Section  of  Public  and  Normal  School  Exhibit 160,  164 

Collection  of  Woods  by  Pupils  of  Country  Schools 162 

Library  Building  167 

University   of  Illinois   Exhibit 168,  169 

Buildings  on  University  of  Illinois  Campus 172 

Engineering    Building    17I 

Medical  School  Building,  Chicago 176 

Physiological   Laboratory    178 

Pathological  Laboratory    179 

Physicians  and   Surgeons   Exhibit 180 

Institution  for  the  Blind 184 

Teaching  the  Blind  Typewriting 186 

Illinois  School  for  the  Deaf 188 

Girls  Room,  State  Training  School 193 

School  Room,  State  Home  for  Girls 194 

Laundry  Room,  State  Home  for  Girls 195 


202 


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'eOUNO^ 


UNIVERSITY  OF  ILLINOIS-URBANA 


3  0112  031878876 


mimui 


